Ukudumba kwesisu? Hayi isifo segastritis! Masifunde ngqo ngezilonda zesisu (iSifo seZilonda zePeptic)

Ngaba nawe uhlala uziva iintlungu zesisu, iintlungu zesisu esingaphezulu, ezifana ne-gastritis? Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi kweli lizwe lethu abanayo. Nangona sihlala siyibiza le "gastritis", ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yinto efuna ingqalelo engakumbi. Leyo yimeko esithetha ngayo namhlanje, i-Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD). Ngamafutshane, oku kuxa izilonda zenzeka eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwenkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni isilonda sesisu?

Khawucinge nje, esiswini sethu, oko kukuthi, esiswini, ii-asidi ezinamandla kakhulu kunye nee-enzymes ziveliswa ukuze zigaye ukutya esikutyayo. Enye yezona ziphambili yi-pepsin. Igama elithi "peptic" nalo livela kule pepsin. Ezi asidi kunye ne-pepsin zisebenza kunye ukuqhekeza ukutya esikutyayo kwaye zisincede sikugaye. Ezi zinamandla kangangokuba nokuba ziwela kulusu oluqhelekileyo, zinokubangela ukwenzakala.

Emva koko ungacinga, "Ukuba kukho izinto ezinzima kangaka, kutheni iindonga zesisu zethu zingonakalanga?" Isizathu kukuba udonga lwangaphakathi lwesisu sethu kunye ne-duodenum lugqunywe lulwelo oluxineneyo lwe-mucous, njengekhaka elikhuselayo. Eli likhaka elikhusela iindonga zesisu kwezo asidi zinzima.

Nangona kunjalo, kwisifo sesilonda se-peptic (PUD), esi sikhuselo sokukhusela, i-mucous membrane, siba buthathaka ngesizathu esithile. Emva koko, i-asidi enzima kunye ne-pepsin zingonakalisa ngqo udonga lwesisu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezo ndawo ziqala ukuba buhlungu. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba zizilonda okanye izilonda zesisu.

Zingaphi ezi zilonda?

Ezi zilonda zenzeka ikakhulu kwiindawo ezimbini zenkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya.

1. Izilonda zeDuodenal: I-duodenum yinxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu ethu amancinci. Ukutya kungena apha emva kwesisu. Phantse i-80% yezilonda zesisu zenzeka kule ndawo.

2. Izilonda Zesisu/Izilonda Zesisu: Ezi zizilonda ezikhula eludongeni lwesisu. Olu hlobo lwenzeka malunga ne- 20% yamatyala .

Ukongeza kwezi ndawo zimbini ziphambili, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kwenzeke ukwenzakala okunjalo nakwezinye iindawo.

• Izilonda zesisu: I-esophagus yityhubhu ethwala ukutya ukusuka emqaleni ukuya esiswini. Xa sine-acid reflux (GERD) ixesha elide, i-asidi yesisu inokuvela yonakalise udonga lwale tyhubhu.
• Izilonda zeJejunal: Ezi zilonda zinokuvela emva kotyando lwesisu (umz. i-gastrojejunostomy).

Uyazi njani ukuba unale meko? (Iimpawu)

Okumangalisayo kukuba, malunga nabantu abasixhenxe kwabalishumi abanezilonda zesisu ababonisi zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ziyabonakala iimpawu, ezi zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo.

Kutheni kukho izilonda zesisu ezinje? Zimbini izizathu eziphambili!

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, izilonda zesisu zenzeka xa ulwelo olukhuselayo lwesisu lubuthathaka. Zimbini izizathu eziphambili zokuba olu lwelo lukhuselayo lubuthathaka. Ezi zizathu zimbini zibangela izilonda zesisu ezingaphezu kwama-90%.

1. Usulelo lwebhaktiriya iHelicobacter pylori

• Yintoni i-H. pylori?

Olu luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweebhaktheriya ezinokuhlala esiswini nasemathunjini ethu. Ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sabemi behlabathi banale bhaktheriya esiswini sabo. Kodwa uninzi lwabantu alunazo iimpawu. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, le bhaktheriya ikhula kakhulu ize iqale ukonakalisa ulwelo olukhuselayo lwesisu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokubangela izilonda zesisu.

2. Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza angengo-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs)

• Zithini ezi NSAIDs?

Olu luhlobo lwe-painkiller esilusebenzisa rhoqo. Umzekelo, amayeza afana ne -Aspirin, i-Ibuprofen (umz. i-Brufen), kunye ne-Diclofenac Sodium (umz. i-Voltaren) . Siwasebenzisa kwizinto ezifana neentlungu zamalungu, iintlungu zomqolo, kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu.

• Ezi zinto zibangela njani izilonda zesisu?

Xa la mayeza ethathwa ixesha elide okanye ngeedosi eziphezulu, ibhalansi yeekhemikhali ezinceda ekwakheni ulwelo olukhuselayo lwesisu iyaphazamiseka. Ngenxa yoko, ulwelo olukhuselayo luyancipha, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba iiasidi zonakalise udonga.

Ezinye izizathu ezingaqhelekanga

Ukongeza kwizizathu ezimbini eziphambili ezingentla, izilonda zesisu nazo zinokuvela ngenxa yezinye izizathu ezingaqhelekanga.

• Ezinye izifo
• I-Chemotherapy yomhlaza
• Unyango ngemitha
• Iimeko ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn
• Iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
• Uxinzelelo olukhulu lomzimba (umz., emva kotyando olukhulu, ukutsha kakhulu)

Ngaba oku kungaba yingozi ukuba kungashiywa wedwa? (Iingxaki)

Ewe. Izilonda zesisu azifanele zithathwe lula. Ukuba azinyangwa kakuhle, zinokubangela iingxaki eziyingozi.

1. Ukopha Kwamathumbu: Ukuba inxeba linzulu kwaye umthambo wegazi uyaqhekeka, ukopha kuya kuqala ukungena esiswini.

2. Ukugqobhoka kwamathumbu:Oku kuyingozi nangakumbi. Inxeba lidlula eludongeni lwesisu okanye amathumbu, lidale umngxuma. Emva koko, i-asidi yesisu kunye nokutya kunokuvuza kungene kwisisu, okubangela usulelo olubi (i-peritonitis). Le yingxakeko enkulu kakhulu efuna utyando olungxamisekileyo.

Ugqirha ufumanisa njani esi sifo kanye kanye?

Emva kokumamela iimpawu zakho, ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba oku kungaba sisilonda sesisu, uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi.

1. Uvavanyo lwe-H. pylori: Kukho iindlela ezilula zokujonga ubukho bale ntsholongwane.

• Uvavanyo lokuphefumla lwe-Urea: Unikwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo ukuba ulusele, kwaye umoya wakho uyavavanywa emva kwexesha elifutshane.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Antigen yeSitulo: Kuthathwa isampulu yesisu ukujonga ukuba ikhona na le ntsholongwane.

2. I-Endoscopy (I-Endoscopy Ephezulu):

Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba unesilonda esiswini. Oku kuquka ukudlulisa ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo enekhamera enamathele emlonyeni wakho iye esiswini sakho nakwi-esophagus, apho unokubona khona okungaphakathi kwiscreen. Uza kunikwa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu ukuze uthomalalise iintlungu ngelixa usenza oku.

• Iingenelo: Ungabona ngqo ukuba kukho izilonda, ziphi, kwaye zikhulu kangakanani. Ungathabatha neqhekeza elincinci lesicwili (i-biopsy) ngoko nangoko ukuze ujonge i-H. pylori.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba izilonda zesisu sisifo esinokunyangwa phantse ngokupheleleyo ngamayeza . Unyango luxhomekeke kwinto ebangela izilonda zakho.

• Unyango losulelo lwe-H. pylori:

Ukuba une-H. pylori, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika umxube wee-antibiotics ezimbini okanye ezintathu kunye ne-proton pump inhibitor (PPI) kangangeveki e-1 ukuya kwezi-2. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha la mayeza ngokupheleleyo.

• Ukuba kungenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-NSAID:

Ukuba izilonda zakho zibangelwa ziintlungu, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukuyeka ukuzisebenzisa. Emva koko, unokufuna ukuthatha amayeza e-PPI kangangenyanga okanye ezimbini ukunciphisa i-asidi yesisu nokunceda izilonda ziphilise.

• Amanye amayeza:
• Ii-H2 Blockers: Ezi zikwaluhlobo lwamayeza anciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-asidi esiswini.
• Ii-cytoprotective agents: Ezi zenza udonga lwesisu lukhuseleke kwaye zincede inxeba liphole.

Kudla ngokuthatha malunga neenyanga ezimbini ukuba izilonda ziphiliswe ngokupheleleyo. Emva konyango, ugqirha wakho unokuphinda ahlole ukuba izilonda ziphilisiwe na kwaye intsholongwane ye-H. pylori isusiwe.

Ungayiphepha njani le meko?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nesilonda esiswini kunokubandezeleka siso. Zimbini izinto eziphambili onokuzenza ukuze wenze loo nto.

1. Ukwazisa malunga nosulelo lwe-H. pylori:

Ukuba uneengxaki zesisu ezihlala zikho, bona ugqirha uze uvavanyelwe i-H. pylori. Ukuba unayo, fumana unyango olufanelekileyo ukuze unyangeke.

2. Lumka ngee-painkillers (NSAIDs):

• Sebenzisa kuphela xa kuyimfuneko. Musa ukuthatha amayeza anamandla kangaka kwiintlungu ezincinci.
• Ungaze uthathe eli yeza ixesha elide ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha.
• Ukuba ukhe waba nezilonda esiswini ngaphambili, kunokufuneka uyeke ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa la mayeza. Okanye, ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uwasebenzise kunye nelinye iyeza elikhusela isisu sakho.