Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yezifo ezichaphazela imiphunga yethu, ingakumbi iimeko ezinzulu ezifana nomhlaza, oogqirha kufuneka benze isigqibo esinzulu kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, yonke imiphunga enesifo kunokufuneka isuswe ngotyando. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'Pneumonectomy' kwezonyango. Ekubeni olu lutyando olukhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wazi kakuhle into omawuyilindele.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-pneumonectomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-pneumonectomy kukususwa kotyando komnye wemiphunga yakho. Ukuba umphunga wasekunene ususiwe, kuthiwa yi-'pneumonectomy ecala lasekunene', kwaye ukuba umphunga wasekhohlo ususiwe, kuthiwa yi-'pneumonectomy ecala lasekhohlo'.
Olu lolona hlobo lukhulu lotyando lwemiphunga, njengoko ngamanye amaxesha kukho utyando olususa kuphela iqhekeza elincinci lomphunga.
- (Lobectomy) - Oku kuquka ukususa inxalenye (lobe) yomphunga kuphela.
- (Ukususwa kwe-Wedge resection) - Kule meko, kususwa iqhekeza elincinci nangakumbi lomphunga.
Utyando lwe-Pneumonectomy lwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Utyando lwePneumonectomy oluqhelekileyo | Kule meko, ugqirha otyandayo ususa kuphela umphunga wakho wonke. Angasusa neminye imithambo-luvo kunye nezicubu ezikufutshane. |
| Utyando lwe-Pneumonectomy olungaphandle kwe-pleural (utyando olubanzi ngakumbi) | Oku kunzima ngakumbi. Ukongeza kwimiphunga, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezisuswayo. Oko kukuthi: - Imiphunga - Isigqubuthelo esijikeleze imiphunga (iPleura) - Isigqubuthelo esijikeleze intliziyo (i-pericardium) - Inxalenye ye-diaphragm nayo iyasuswa. |
Oogqirha basebenzisa iindlela ezimbini ukwenza olu tyando. Olunye lutyando oluvulelekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-thoracotomy . Olunye lutyando oluncinci olubizwa ngokuba yi-video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) . Nangona i-VATS ingangenisi kakhulu, ayifanelekanga kubo bonke abaguli.
Zeziphi iintlobo zeemeko ezisetyenziswayo olu tyando?
Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa njengonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga, kodwa lunokwenziwa nakwezinye iimeko.
- Umhlaza wemiphunga
- Iithumba zeCarcinoid ezenzeka emiphungeni
- I-Pleural mesothelioma, umhlaza owakha kwingqimba yemiphunga
- Ukulimala okukhulu kwemiphunga
- Usulelo olukhulu lwefungus olubizwa ngokuba yi-Aspergillosis
- I-Bronchiectasis sisifo apho iindlela zomoya zivuleka ngokusisigxina.
- Isifo sephepha
- Xa uhlobo lomhlaza olubizwa ngokuba yi-distributed thymoma lusasazeka
Utyando lwe-Pneumonectomy lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lonyango lomhlaza wemiphunga, kodwa ayizizo zonke izigulana ezinomhlaza ezinokulusebenzisa olu hlobo.
Ngubani ofanelekileyo kolu tyando?
Ungafaneleka kolu tyando kwiimeko ezilandelayo:
- Ukuba umhlaza ukwimiphunga enye kuphela (kwaye awukasasazekanga kwezinye iindawo) kwaye imiphunga ingasuswa kwaye umhlaza unganyangeka ngokupheleleyo.
- Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo ithumba elinomhlaza, kuphela iqhekeza lomphunga elinokususwa kwaye lonke ithumba alinakususwa.
- Ukuba intliziyo yakho, imithambo yegazi, kunye nezinye izitho zomzimba zisempilweni entle.
Ngubani ongafanelekiyo kolu tyando?
- Kwabo bangasebenzi kakuhle imiphunga.
- Kwabo banesifo sentliziyo esinzima.
- Kwabo bane-pulmonary hypertension enzima (uxinzelelo oluphezulu kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ukuya emiphungeni).
- Kwabo bangakwaziyo ukupompa intliziyo kakuhle (Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi).
Ngaphambi kotyando kunye nokulungiselela utyando
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iiveki ngaphambi kotyando, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo ukuze abone ukuba intliziyo yakho kunye nemiphunga isebenza njani.
- (Iskeni ye-VQ)
- Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga
- Uvavanyo lwentliziyo (Echocardiogram)
- I-X-reyi yesifuba
- (I-PET scan) kunye (I-CT scan)
- Uvavanyo lwegazi
Ufanele ulungiselele njani?
Ekubeni olu lutyando olukhulu, kufuneka ulungiselele kakuhle kwangaphambili.
- Lungiselela umntu oza kujongana nemisebenzi yasekhaya kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya ngelixa usesibhedlele.
- Thetha nomntu oza kukuthatha xa ufika ekhaya uvela esibhedlele.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomntu oza kukunceda okwethutyana emva kokuba ufikile ekhaya. Cwangcisa loo nto.
- Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngoko nangoko. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba unengxaki yokuyeka, cela uncedo kugqirha wakho.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke amayeza owasebenzisayo. Angakucela ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amanye amayeza okanye utshintshe ixesha ngaphambi kotyando.
- Ukuba unayo nayiphi na i-allergies kumayeza, sixelele nangawo.
- Ugqirha uza kukuxelela ukuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli nto emva kweentsuku ezimnyama ebusuku ngaphambi kotyando. Landela loo miyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha nasemva kotyando?
Ngexesha lotyando, uza kupholiswa ngokupheleleyo yi-anesthesia, ngoko awuyi kuva nto. Ingcali yokubulala iintlungu iza kukujonga kulo lonke utyando. Ugqirha uza kwenza utyando ecaleni kwesifuba sakho, phakathi kweembambo ezimbini, aze ahambise iimbambo zahlulwe ukuze zifikelele emphungeni. Emva koko, ugqirha uza kususa umoya othile emphungeni aze awususe ngononophelo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ezinye izicwili ziya kususwa, kwaye iimbambo, izihlunu kunye nolusu ziya kuthungwa ndawonye. Olu tyando lungathatha iiyure ezininzi.
Emva kotyando...
Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa.
- Iqela lezonyango liza kuqhubeka nokujonga amanqanaba akho eoksijini, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Kuza kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintlungu ukulawula iintlungu.
- Iingcali zonyango lomzimba ziza kuza zikufundise umthambo wokuphefumla, zikuncede uphume ebhedini uhambe.
Kwenzeka ntoni kuloo ndawo ingenanto xa umphunga ususiwe?
Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Nje ukuba umphunga ususwe, indawo izaliswa ngumoya. Emva kwexesha elithile, loo moya uthatyathelwa indawo lulwelo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, intliziyo yakho, i-diaphragm, kunye nezinye izitho zomzimba zityhalelwa kuloo ndlela. Umphunga oseleyo nawo uba mkhulu kancinci. Imizimba yethu iyaziqhelanisa nale meko intsha ngendlela emangalisayo.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zotyando?
| Iinzuzo | Iingozi kunye neengxaki |
|---|---|
| Kwimeko yomhlaza, lonke ithumba lingasuswa ukuze umhlaza ungasasazeki, kwaye lisenokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo. | Ithumba lesifuba (i-Empyema) |
| Ingathintela izifo ezibulalayo (iibhaktheriya, iifungi) ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yomphunga owonakeleyo. | Ukungahambi kakuhle kwentliziyo (i-Arrhythmia) |
| Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumla | |
| Ukukrala kwemiphunga | |
| Ukuxhuzula kwemithambo yegazi (pulmonary embolism) | |
| I-Bronchopleural fistula (umngxuma ophakathi kwe-trachea kunye nolwelo lomphunga) | |
| Kukho umngcipheko wokuba umhlaza uphinde uvele nasemva kotyando. |
Kubalulekile: Ngenxa yesakhiwo somzimba, umngcipheko weengxaki ngexesha lotyando lokususa umphunga wasekunene uphezulu kancinci kunowasekhohlo.
Ukubuyiselwa kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye nobomi obuzayo
Kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo. Ngeli xesha:
- Kukho imiqathango kwizinto ezifana nokuphakamisa iintsimbi nokuqhuba.
- Ukuziva udiniwe ngaphezu kwesiqhelo.
- Udinga ukuphumla rhoqo.
- Kunokuba nzima ukwenza imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yemihla ngemihla.
Ezinye zezi zinto ziya kuphela njengoko uphola, kwaye ezinye izinto zinokuba yinxalenye "yesiqhelo sakho esitsha."
Kuthekani ngobude bobomi?
Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Isizathu esiphambili sotyando sisizathu sokuba lwenziwe. Umzekelo, abantu abangaphezu kwe-3 kwaba-4 abenza utyando lwesifo sephepha baphila iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonisa ukuba ngumntu omnye kuphela kwaba-3 abenza utyando lomhlaza wemiphunga ophila iminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngemeko yakho nogqirha wakho.
Ixesha lokufuna ingcebiso kwezonyango
Nika ingqalelo kwiinguqu ezenzeka emzimbeni wakho ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho.
| Ukuba unale mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. | |
|---|---|
| - Ukuba ibhandeji elikwinxeba lotyando limanzi ligazi. | - Ukuba inxeba linevumba elibi okanye kuphuma ulwelo olunombala owahlukileyo. |
| - Ukukhwehlela okune-mucus okanye i-mucus eninzi enombala otshintshileyo. | - Ifiva. |
| - Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza. | - Intlungu engapheliyo nokuba sele ithathiwe. |
| Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya kwi-ETU yesibhedlele (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) ngoko nangoko. | |
| - Ukuba ukhohlela igazi. | - Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla. |
| - Intlungu yesifuba ngequbuliso kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. | - Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwe-Pneumonectomy lutyando olunzima kakhulu. Lwenziwa kuphela kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, xa zimbalwa ezinye iindlela zonyango.
- Kuthatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo emva kotyando, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba nomonde ngeli xesha.
- Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu aphile nomphunga omnye ixesha elide, kufuneka enze utshintsho oluthile kwindlela yakhe yokuphila.
- Zive ukhululekile ukuxoxa ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo ngaphambi okanye emva kotyando nogqirha wakho. Kulapho kuphela apho unokwenza isigqibo esifanelekileyo ngempilo yakho.
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