Emva kokuya exesheni: Masiqaphele oku!

Ingaba sele kudlule unyaka ukususela oko ixesha lakho lenyanga laphela? Ngaba usaziva ungakhululekanga kwaye utshintsha umzimba wakho emva kokudlula kwinqanaba elikhulu elibizwa ngokuba yi-menopause? Emva koko ukwixesha elibizwa ngokuba yi-"Postmenopause". Abafazi abaninzi abathethi kakhulu ngale nto, kodwa eli linqanaba elibaluleke kakhulu ebomini bethu. Ngoko ke musani ukoyika, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngeli xesha, utshintsho olwenzekayo ngexesha lalo, kunye nendlela yokuhlala wonwabile kwaye usempilweni.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-postmenopause?

I-Postmenopause lixesha elisemva kokuya exesheni. Ngokuchanekileyo, eli lixesha apho ixesha lakho lenyanga liqala kwakhona emva kweenyanga ezili-12 ezilandelelanayo ungenanyanga . Ngeli xesha, ama-ovari akho ayayeka ukukhupha amaqanda (ukuvuthwa). Oku kuthetha ukuba amandla akho okuba nabantwana aphelile.

Oku akupheleli nje ebomini, kodwa sisiqalo esitsha. Iimpawu ezazikukhathaza kakhulu ngexesha lokuya exesheni, ezifana nobushushu kunye nokubila ebusuku, zinokuncipha okanye zinyamalale ngokupheleleyo ngeli xesha.

Kodwa ngeli xesha, imizimba yethu inezinga eliphantsi kakhulu lehomoni i-estrogen . Le homoni ibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni amathambo ethu eqinile. Ke ngoko, xa i-estrogen incipha, umngcipheko we-osteoporosis uyanda kancinci.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-postmenopause?

Wakuba ungenile emva kokuya exesheni, kuya kuhlala ubomi bakho bonke. Amanqanaba eehomoni aya kuhlala ephantsi, ixesha lakho lenyanga aliyi kubuya, kwaye awusayi kukwazi ukukhulelwa umntwana kuba awusayi kukwazi ukukhupha amaqanda.

Le meko idla ngokuvela xa uneminyaka engama-52 ubudala. Kodwa inokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Into ebalulekileyo ayikobudala bakho, kodwa kukuba sele kudlule unyaka ukususela oko ixesha lakho laphela.

Ngaba iimpawu zisenokubakho ngeli xesha?

Ewe, abantu abaninzi basenokufumana ezinye zeempawu ezifanayo ababenazo ngexesha lokuya exesheni. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, azibi namandla kangako. Konke oku kungenxa yokuba amanqanaba eehomoni zokuzala emzimbeni wethu aphantsi. Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu.

Kodwa khangela ukuba unazo na ezi mpawu:

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukopha kwi-vaginal ngexesha le-postmenopause?

Hayi suka. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukopha igazi kwisini ngexesha le-postmenopause akuqhelekanga . Ngamanye amaxesha, ukoma kwesini kunokubangela ukuba kuvele ibala elincinci legazi emva kwesondo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukopha ngenye indlela, kunokuba luphawu lokuqina kolwelo lwesibeleko (endometrial hyperplasia), i-uterine fibroids, usulelo (endometritis), okanye umhlaza. Ngoko ke, nokuba unegazi elincinci, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha.

Iingozi zempilo ekufuneka uzazi ngexesha le-postmenopause

Njengoko i-hormone ye-estrogen, eyayisakuba ngumkhuseli wethu, incipha, umngcipheko wokufumana izifo ezithile uyanda kancinci ngeli xesha. Akukho nto yokoyika, njengoko sinokuzikhusela kuzo ngokuqaphela oku.

1. Ukuncitshiswa kwamathambo (i-Osteoporosis)

Emva kokuya exesheni, uxinano lwamathambo luyancipha ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokwehla kwe-estrogen. Ubunzima bamathambo bunokwehla malunga ne-1% - 2% ngonyaka. Xa amathambo eba mancinci kakhulu, nokuba ukuwa okuncinci kwandisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwamathambo.

• Yintoni enokwenziwa?
• Yitya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-calcium: Faka ubisi, itshizi, iyogathi, intlanzi encinci eneqokobhe (i-salyo, i-halibut), imifuno enamagqabi efana nesipinatshi, i-kale, kunye neenkozo eziqinisiweyo ekutyeni kwakho.
• IVithamin D: IVithamin D ibalulekile emzimbeni ukuze ufumane icalcium. IVithamin D ifumaneka ngokuchatshazelwa lilanga kusasa. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungathabatha nesongezo seVithamin D ngokwengcebiso kagqirha.
• Ukuzilolonga: Izinto ezifana nokuzilolonga ngokuphakamisa iintsimbi nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza ziqinisa amathambo.
• Uvavanyo loBunzima bamathambo: Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo lokulinganisa ubuninzi bamathambo akho, ukuba kuyimfuneko.

2. Isifo sentliziyo

Ngaphambi kokuya exesheni, i-hormone i-estrogen inceda ekukhuseleni intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi yethu. Kodwa njengoko olo khuselo luncipha ngexesha lokuya exesheni, umngcipheko wokufumana izifo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nesifo sohlangothi uyanda. Kwakhona, ekubeni abantu abaninzi bengasebenzi kakuhle emzimbeni ngeli xesha, amathuba okuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu nawo aphezulu.

• Yintoni enokwenziwa?
• Ukutya okunempilo: Nciphisa ukutya okuneoyile eninzi, ityuwa, kunye neswekile. Yitya imifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, iinkozo ezipheleleyo kunye nentlanzi.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Yenza into efana nokuhamba okanye ukudada ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu entliziyweni.
• Lawula izifo ezingapheliyo:Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye i-cholesterol, zilawule kakuhle ngokweengcebiso zikagqirha wakho.

3. Iingxaki zomchamo kunye nenkqubo yokuzala (i-genitourinary syndrome of menopause)

Nangona eli ligama elintsonkothileyo, libhekisa kwiingxaki ezikwi-vagina nakwinkqubo yomchamo ezibangelwa kukuncipha kwe-estrogen.

• Ukoma kwesitho sangasese: Izicubu ziba buthathaka, zome, kwaye zinokurhawuzelela kwaye zivuvuke. Oku kunokwenza isondo sibe buhlungu.
• Iingxaki zenkqubo yomchamo: Njengoko izicubu zesinyi kunye ne-urethra zisiba buthathaka, unokufumana usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yomchamo kwaye ube nobunzima bokulawula umchamo wakho.

• Yintoni enokwenziwa?
• Ungasebenzisa izinto zokuthambisa zangasese kunye nezinto zokuthambisa ezifumaneka kwimarike.
• Ukuba ezi ngxaki ziyaqhubeka, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iikhrimu ezifakwe i-estrogen okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango.

I-Postmenopause kunye nempilo yengqondo

Eli xesha linokuba ngumngeni emzimbeni nasengqondweni.

• Izinto ezinje ngexhala, umsindo, kunye nokudakumba zinokwenzeka.
• Usenokuziva ukhathazekile kukuba ixesha owakwazi ngalo ukuba nabantwana liphelile.
• Ukuziva ngathi uyaluphala kunokuba yingxaki.

Ezi mvakalelo ziqhelekile. Awuwedwa. Ukuthetha ngale nto nomhlobo othembekileyo okanye ilungu losapho kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Okanye, ukuthetha nomcebisi okanye ugqirha wengqondo kunokukunika amandla amaninzi okumelana nale nqanaba litsha lobomi.

Unyango kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila ukulawula iimpawu

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula iingxaki ezibangelwa leli xesha.

Unyango lwezonyango

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango olufana nolu:

• Unyango lweeHormone (HT): Olu lolona nyango lusebenzayo kwiimpawu ezininzi. Lubandakanya ukutshintsha iihomoni ezingonelanga ngeehomoni ezivela ngaphandle komzimba. Nangona kunjalo, lunemingcipheko ethile (umz., ukuqhekeka kwegazi, umhlaza webele), ngoko ke ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokugqiba ukuba oku kulungile kuwe ngokusekelwe kwimbali yakho yempilo.
• Ii-Antidepressants: Ezinye iintlobo ze-antidepressants zinokunceda ekulawuleni utshintsho lweemvakalelo kunye nobushushu.
• Iikrimu zesini: Iikrimu ezine-estrogen zingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukoma kwesini kunye nentlungu.
• Amanye amayeza: Amayeza afana neGabapentin kunye neOxybutynin ngamanye amaxesha anikwa ukulawula ukurhawuzelelwa sisisu.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Ngaphandle kwamayeza, zininzi izinto onokuzenza ngokwakho.

• Zilolonge rhoqo: Izinto ezifana nokuhamba, i-yoga, kunye nokuphakamisa iintsimbi ziqinisa amathambo kunye nezihlunu. Zikwalungele nempilo yengqondo.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo: Yitya ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi, iswekile, netyuwa encinci, kwaye utyebile kwimifuno, iziqhamo, kunye nemifuno. Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Ukulawula ubunzima bomzimba wakho kunokukukhusela kwizifo ezifana nesifo sentliziyo nesifo seswekile.
• Hlala unxibelelana nabantu: Hlangana nabahlobo, yenza inkonzo yoluntu, okanye wenze into oyithandayo. Oku kuya kukunika inkxaso yengqondo oyifunayo.
• Ukucamngca: Ukuziqhelanisa nento efana nokucamngca kuluncedo kakhulu ekuthomalaliseni ingqondo nasekunciphiseni uxinzelelo.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhulelwe ngexesha le-postmenopause?

Ukuba ixesha lakho liye laphela ixesha elingaphezu konyaka, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukhulelwe kuba awuvulisi amaqanda. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awufuni ukuba nabantwana de kube ngunyaka emva kokuba ixesha lakho liyekile, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokusebenzisa ucwangciso lokuzala.

Ngaba uvavanyo lwePap kufuneka lwenziwe kwanangexesha le-postmenopause?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Akuyonto ilungileyo ukuyeka ukuvavanywa ngabasetyhini kuba nje uyekile ukuya exesheni. Kufuneka uqhubeke nokwenza ii-Pap smears, ii-mammograms, kunye nezinye iimvavanyo zempilo zonyaka njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisa.

Ngaba umzimba wam uza kubuyela kwindlela owawuyiyo emva kokuya exesheni?

Hayi, umzimba wakho awuyi kubuyela kwindlela owawuyiyo ngaphambi kokuba uyeke ukuya exesheni. Nangona kunjalo, kwabaninzi, iimpawu ezicaphukisayo ezifana nobushushu, ukubila, kunye nokutshintsha kweemvakalelo ziya kuncipha kwaye uya kuqala ukuziva ukhululekile. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye, ezi mpawu zinokuqhubeka iminyaka.