Xa ufumanisa ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe uyagula, umbuzo omkhulu olandelayo oza engqondweni ngulo "Kwenzeka ntoni ngoku?" "Ngaba oku kuya kuba ngcono?" "Ngaba ndiya kuze ndikwazi ukuphila ngendlela endandiphila ngayo ngaphambili?" Kulapho oogqirha bathetha khona 'ngokuxela kwangaphambili'. Kulungile, masibone ukuba yintoni le, ngamazwi alula.

Yintoni kanye kanye 'iPrognosis'?

Ngamafutshane, 'ukuxela kwangaphambili' sisibikezelo ugqirha wakho asenzayo malunga nesifo sakho, oko kukuthi, imeko yakho, esebenzisa ulwazi lwezonyango namava. Kufana noqikelelo lwemozulu. Kodwa kunzima ngaphezu koko, kuba umzimba womntu wonke kunye nendlela abasabela ngayo kwisifo yahlukile.

Khawucinge nje, ugqirha ukuxelela ukuba unesifo esithile. Imibuzo emininzi iphakama ngequbuliso engqondweni yakho, akunjalo?

• "Ingaba oku kunganyangeka?"
• "Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo?"
• "Ngaba iimpawu zesi sifo ziya kuphela?"
• "Ndiza kukwazi ukuhlala apho ndingenza khona umsebenzi wam ndedwa?"
• "Ingaba olu nyango lufanelekile?"
• "Ndingaphila ixesha elingakanani?"

Kwimibuzo efana nale, ugqirha angakuxelela into enokwenzeka kuwe, ngokusekelwe kumava abanye abantu. Yiyo loo nto 'iprognosis'. Ayiloqikelelo oluchanekileyo olupheleleyo, kodwa lolona qikelelo lubalaseleyo olusekelwe kulwazi olufumanekayo ngoku.

Kutheni ke ngoko kubalulekile ukwazi olu 'qikelelo'?

Ukwazi oku kukunika amandla amaninzi wena nabanakekeli bakho. Kukunceda wenze izigqibo ucinga ngezinto eziza kukunceda. Asinakuzithintela rhoqo ekuguleni okanye ekubeni neengozi. Kodwa ukwazi 'iprognosis' kusinika ukuqonda okuthile kokujongana nezinto esingenakuzilawula.

Yenza izigqibo malunga nonyango

Ukwazi ukuba uza kuthini na kunokukunceda ukhethe unyango, okanye ulwale. Izigqibo zonyango azilula. Cinga ngako, umntu usenokuvuma ukufumana unyango olunemiphumo emibi kakhulu, ukuba lunokwandisa ubomi bakhe kancinci. Kodwa umntu onesifo esifanayo usenokungalwamkeli olo nyango. Banokucinga, "Kungcono ukuhlala iintsuku ezimbalwa ungenantlungu, nokuba kuthetha ukuphila ubomi obonwabisayo."

Kwakhona, ezinye iinkonzo zokhathalelo zisekelwe kwingxelo-mbono. Umzekelo, ukuba uyazi ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya kuba mandundu, unokufumana iinkonzo ezifana nokhathalelo lokudambisa iintlungu, olunceda ukulawula iintlungu nokubonelela ngoncedo lwengqondo. Kwamanye amazwe, iinkonzo ezifana nokhathalelo lwe-hospice ziyafumaneka kubantu abalindeleke ukuba baphile malunga neenyanga ezintandathu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ingxelo-mbono ivula ithuba lokufumana izibonelelo ezinokukunceda uphile kamnandi ekupheleni kobomi bakho.

Yenza ezinye izigqibo ebomini.

Ukuqonda ikamva lakho kunokukunceda ucwangcise usuku lwakho. Kunokukunceda ulungiselele imali yakho kunye nobomi bakho bokomoya. Kunokukunceda ucinge ngokuba ngubani ekufuneka uthethe naye kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo ofuna ukuzifezekisa ebomini. Kunganciphisa noxinzelelo lokwenza izigqibo ezinkulu ebomini ngokukhawuleza, usazi ukuba unethuba lokuchacha ngokupheleleyo.

Oogqirha bafumanisa njani olu 'qikelelo'?

Uninzi loogqirha lusekela 'ukuxela kwangaphambili' kwabo (isininzi 'iiprognoses') kuphando lwezonyango namava abo. Ugqirha wakho unokujonga izibalo zonyango. Abaphandi bafunda amava amaqela amakhulu abantu baze bajonge iipatheni zesifo. Ukwazi okwenzekileyo kuninzi lwabantu abanesifo esithile kwixesha elidlulileyo kuluncedo ekuxeleni kwangaphambili oko kunokwenzeka kumntu othile.

Ngokudibanisa imeko yomntu yezonyango, kunye nedatha evela kwabanye kunye nale meko, oogqirha banokwenza 'uqikelelo' olulungiselelwe umntu ngamnye.

Nazi ezinye izibalo ugqirha wakho anokuziqwalasela:

• Amanqanaba okusinda: Bangaphi abantu abanesifo esithile abaphila emva kwexesha elithile. Umzekelo, abaphandi bomhlaza bajonga ukuba bangaphi abantu abanesifo esithile abaphila emva kweminyaka emihlanu.
• Amanqanaba eengxaki: Oku kulinganisa inani labantu abafumana iingxaki zempilo ezongezelelweyo, nokuba ngexesha lesifo okanye emva konyango oluthile. Ezi zinto zinokutshintsha ingqikelelo yakho.
• Amanqanaba empumelelo yonyango: Oku kulinganisa indlela unyango olunceda ngayo ekufezekiseni iziphumo ezithile zesifo (umz., ukunyanga isifo, ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kwaso, ukunciphisa iimpawu).
• Amanani okubuyela kwakhona: Oku kubhekisa kwithuba lokuba isifo okanye uphawu lubuye emva kokuba luphelile. Oku kubhekisela kwithuba lokuba umhlaza ubuye emva kwexesha 'lokuxolelwa' (ukungabikho kweempawu okanye iimpawu zomhlaza).

Zithini izinto ezibangela ukuxela kwangaphambili?

Oogqirha bajonga nezinto ezithile ezinokuchaphazela ubukhali besifo. Ezinye zezi zichaphazela umhlaza, kodwa ezininzi ziqhelekile kwezinye iimeko ezininzi.

• Uhlobo lwesifo: Uhlobo oluthile lwesifo luchaphazela i-prognosis. Umzekelo, uhlobo lomhlaza (oko kukuthi, apho waqala khona emzimbeni) luchaphazela umbono wakho wekamva.
• Ubungakanani besifo: Ukuba isifo sisasazeke kangakanani yinto ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kuchongwa isifo. Umzekelo, kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, inqanaba lomhlaza (oko kukuthi, ukuba usasazeke kangakanani) yeyona nto iphambili ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umhlaza uza kuqhubeka na.
• Iimpawu zebhayoloji nezemfuza zesifo: utshintsho lwemfuza kwiseli yomhlazaUhlobo kunye nokuba iiseli aziqhelekanga kangakanani zinokunika umbono wokuba umhlaza "unamandla" kangakanani (oko kukuthi, unokusasazeka).
• Impilo yakho iyonke: Ukuba nezimo zempilo ezingaphezu kwesinye (`ii-comorbidities`) kunokubangela ukuba imeko yesifo ibe mandundu ngakumbi.
• Nokuba kukho unyango olusebenzayo okanye alukho: Ukufikelela kunyango olusebenzayo kuphucula 'ukuxela kwangaphambili'.
• Indlela osabela ngayo kunyango: Ngokubanzi, ukuba uphola emva konyango, ingqikelelo ilungile.
• Inqanaba lomsebenzi wakho: Indlela osebenza ngayo imini yonke, nokuba ungakwazi na ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla efana nokuya emsebenzini wakho nokunxiba, kunokunika izikhokelo malunga nemeko yakho yekamva.
• Izinto ezichaphazela uluntu: Ngamanye amaxesha izinto ezinje ngobudala, isini, uhlanga, kunye nohlanga zinokunxulunyaniswa nendlela isifo esidla ngokukhula ngayo.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kwi-prognosis yakho ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Ungabuza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi izinto aziqwalaselayo xa egqiba nge-prognosis yakho.

Iikhalkhuletha zokuxela kwangaphambili

Abanye oogqirha basebenzisa "ii-calculators" ezikhethekileyo ukunceda ekufumaneni i-prognosis yomntu. Okokuqala, bafaka izinto "ezixela kwangaphambili" (umz., ubudala, iimeko zempilo, inqanaba lomsebenzi) kwi-calculator. Emva koko, i-calculator isebenzisa ifomula ebala ulwazi "lokuxela kwangaphambili", njengokulindeleka kobomi. Nangona ezi zingachanekanga ngokupheleleyo, zinokukunika umbono ngokubanzi we-prognosis yomntu.

Oogqirha bathetha njani 'ngokuxela kwangaphambili'?

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bachaza 'ukuxela kwangaphambili' kwinqanaba elinye:

• Kuhle kakhulu (Kugqwesile)
• Kulungile
• Ilungile
• Imbi

"Uqikelelo olugciniweyo" luthetha ukuba akukabikho lwazi lwaneleyo lokwenza uluvo malunga nesiphumo sexesha elizayo.

Xa usiva 'ngesifo esibikezelayo' ngale ndlela, ungaqala ukuthetha ngeenkcukacha. Umzekelo, xa usiva ukuba 'isifo esibikezelayo' "asisihle", kukunceda ulungiselele ngengqondo ukuthetha ngezigqibo ezinzima ekufuneka uzenze.

Nangona kunjalo, akukho ndlela inye oogqirha ababelana ngayo ngolwazi malunga 'nokuxela kwangaphambili'. Umzekelo, ugqirha wakho angathetha 'ngokuxela kwangaphambili' kwakho ngolu hlobo:

• Njengoluhlu: Umzekelo, ugqirha ochaza ukuba kufuneka uphile ixesha elingakanani unokuqwalasela izibalo zokusinda kunye nezinto 'ezixela kwangaphambili' zakho. Ngokusekelwe kolu lwazi, usenokuthi uneminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu yokuphila.
• Imeko engcono nembi kakhulu:Abanye abantu bathanda ukuzilungiselela ngokwengqondo izinto ezilungileyo nezimbi. Umzekelo, imeko engcono kukuba uza kuphila iinyanga ezintandathu emva konyango ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi. Eyona meko imbi kukuba iingxaki ezivela kunyango zinciphisa ubomi bakho.
• Njengomphumo onokwenzeka kakhulu: Ugqirha wakho unokuchaza umphumo onokwenzeka kakhulu. Umzekelo, umphumo onokwenzeka kakhulu kukuba emva konyango, uya kuba neenyanga ezintathu zokuphila nezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokulawulwa ngamayeza.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Khumbula ukuba nokuba ugqirha wakho uthini na, akukho mntu unokuqikelela ikamva lakho. Kwakhona, ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha 'i-prognosis' njengoko kufumaneka ulwazi olutsha, njengokuthi usabela njani kunyango. 'I-prognosis' yinto enokuhlala itshintsha.

Ingaba 'ingxelo yokuxela kwangaphambili' ichanekile ngokwenene?

Kangangoko, ewe. Uninzi loogqirha lunolwazi oluthembekileyo olunokwenza uqikelelo oluchanekileyo malunga nendlela yesifo sakho esizayo. Izifundo zibonise ukuba 'ukuxela kwangaphambili' okuchanekileyo kuxhomekeke kudibaniso lwedatha (umz., izixhobo zokubala 'ukuxela kwangaphambili') kunye nokugweba kukagqirha wakho kwezonyango. Ukuthetha ngokuchaneka, ezinye izifundo zibonisa:

• Kulula ukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo ikamva lexesha elifutshane kunekamva lexesha elide.
• Izixhobo 'zokuxela kwangaphambili' ezijonga izinto ezifana nenqanaba lomsebenzi wakho zinokuba zichaneke ngakumbi kunezixhobo ezijonga izinto ezifana neminyaka okanye isini sakho.

Kodwa, ukongeza ekubuzeni ukuba ichanekile na, kufuneka ubuze nokuba olu lwazi luluncedo na. Umzekelo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango olunokwandisa ubomi bakho ngeenyanga ezimbalwa. Kodwa ukuba olo nyango lunomngcipheko omkhulu weengxaki, kwaye injongo yakho ephambili kukuphila iintsuku zakho eziseleyo ngaphandle kweengxaki, olo lwazi aluluncedo kangako. Ugqirha usenokuthi umhlaza wakho awunakunyangwa. Kodwa ukuba into oyikhathaleleyo kukuba uza kuphila ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo na ukuya kwisidanga sokugqiba umntwana wakho, olo lwazi aluluncedo kangako.

Inyaniso kukuba, ugqirha wakho usenokungakwazi ukuphendula yonke imibuzo yakho. Kodwa okukhona esazi ngezinto ezikuxhalabisayo kunye nezinto ezibalulekileyo kuwe, kokukhona kuya kuba lula kuye ukuchaza izinto.

Ndingathetha njani nogqirha wam 'ngokuxela kwangaphambili'?

Xa uxilongwa, ungaziva ungenamandla. Kusenokubonakala ngathi ugqirha unalo lonke ulwazi namandla. Kodwa khumbula, xa kufikwa 'kwi-prognosis', nawe unamandla. Enyanisweni, ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu - olubalulekileyo kuwe - lukuwe.

Xa uxoxa ngesifo esibangelwa kukufa nogqirha wakho, ungenza oku kulandelayo:

• Mxelele ukuba yintoni eyona nto iphambili ekukhathazayo:Kungathatha ixesha ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni ebaluleke kakhulu kuwe malunga noqikelelo lwakho. Kwabanye, kusenokuphila ixesha elide kancinci. Kwabanye, kusenokuqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngaphandle kotshintsho. Kwabanye, kusenokuphila ngaphandle kwentlungu okanye ezinye iimpawu. Nje ukuba uyichongile eyona ngxaki yakho iphambili, yabelana nogqirha wakho ngayo.
• Mxelele ukuba ungamamela kangakanani: Usenokungabi kwindawo elungileyo engqondweni ukwazi zonke iinkcukacha 'zesifo' esibi. Xelela ugqirha wakho indlela oziva ngayo. Ukuba ungathanda ukuthetha ngesiphumo ngokubanzi, thetha. Ukuba ufuna ukucela iinkcukacha (nokuba zinzima), ungoyiki ukutsho.
• Mxelele indlela okhetha ukufumana ngayo ulwazi: Abanye abantu bafuna ukwazi iimeko ezilungileyo nezimbi kakhulu. Abanye bafuna kuphela oko kunokwenzeka. Abanye abantu bathanda ukwazi izibalo zonyango ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukumisela 'isifo sabo'. Abanye bayoyika loo datha. Buza into oyifunayo, into onokukwazi ukuyisingatha.
• Ukuba kukho into ongayiqondiyo, yitsho njalo: Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bayalibala ukuba ayingabo bonke abantu abaziqondayo izinto ezifana nobubanzi kunye neepesenti. Akukho nto imbi ngokucela ugqirha wakho ukuba athathe kancinci aze achaze izinto ongaziqondiyo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi 'kokuxela kwangaphambili' kunye 'nokuxilongwa'?

'Ukuxilongwa' yimeko yezonyango ugqirha ayifumanisayo ukuba unayo emva kokwenza uvavanyo. 'Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili' sisiphumo esilindelekileyo 'sokuxilongwa' kwakho. 'Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili' kujonga izinto ezinje ngokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile na kunye nokuba imeko yakho inokuba njani . Cinga 'ngokuxilongwa' (d) njengo (d)ukufunyanwa - ukufunyanwa, kunye 'nokubikezela kwangaphambili' (p) njengo (p)ukuxela kwangaphambili - ukuxela kwangaphambili oko kunokwenzeka.

Ngaba 'ukuxela kwangaphambili' kunye nezinga lokusinda ziyafana?

'Ukuxela kwangaphambili' kunye namazinga okusinda awafani, kodwa ahlobene. Oogqirha badla ngokujonga amazinga okusinda ukuze bamisele inxalenye ethile 'yokuxela kwangaphambili': ixesha umntu anokuphila ngalo. Amanqanaba okusinda lolunye lolona lwazi lubalulekileyo olusetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuze bamisele 'ukuxela kwangaphambili' komntu.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Uninzi lwethu olufumana uxilongo olutsha lufuna ukwazi ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko. Ngelishwa, izibalo zonyango azilunganga ngokwaneleyo ukuqikelela ikamva. Nangona kunjalo, ukwazi ukuba uza kuqikelela ntoni yeyona nto ilungileyo. Ukuqikelela kwakho kunokukunika ukuzithemba ngakumbi kwiindlela onokukhetha kuzo unyango kunye nezigqibo malunga nendlela ochitha ngayo ixesha lakho.

Musa ukoyika ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo malunga 'nokuxela kwangaphambili' kwakho. Akukho nto imbi ngokucela ingcaciso. Kukwangumbono olungileyo ukugxila kwimibuzo ebaluleke kakhulu kuwe malunga nempilo yakho yexesha elizayo. Khumbula, ulwazi ngamandla!

Ukuxela kwangaphambili , ukuxilongwa, ulindelo lokuchacha, ingcebiso yezonyango, izigqibo zonyango, izigqibo zobomi, ulwazi lwezempilo