Ingaba umntwana wakho omncinci ubonakala efika kade ekuthetheni? (Intetho eLibazisekileyo okanye uPhuhliso loLwimi) Masithethe ngale nto!

Njengazo naziphi na ezinye izakhono, ubudala abantwana abafunda ulwimi baze baqale ukuthetha budla ngokwahlukana ukusuka komnye umntwana ukuya komnye, akunjalo? Kodwa ngolwazi oluncinci malunga nendlela intetho nolwimi olukhula ngayo, abazali banokuqonda ngokulula ukuba kukho into ebaxhalabisayo okanye ukuba banokulinda nje babone. Ngoko ke, ngaba singathetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje?

Yintoni intetho nolwimi? Yintoni kanye kanye umahluko phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini?

Nangona sihlala sisebenzisa amagama athi "intetho" kunye "nolwimi" kunye, kukho umahluko omncinci phakathi kwezi zimbini. Ukuqonda oko kuya kuyenza icace ngakumbi le ngongoma.

Ngamafutshane, intetho yindlela esithetha ngayo ulwimi. Oko kukuthi, indlela esilawula ngayo izandi namagama, indlela esibiza ngayo amagama (i-articulation). Ukuchaneka, ezi zizandi esizenzayo xa sithetha.

Ulwimi lubanzi kancinci kunoko. Yinkqubo yokufumana ulwazi nokunika abanye ulwazi. Oko kukuthi, inkqubo yokwenza iingcinga, iimvakalelo, kunye neemfuno zomntu ziqondwe ngabanye ngolwimi oluthethwayo (ngomlomo), olungelulo olomlomo, nolubhaliweyo (olubhaliweyo).

• Intetho: Indlela esithetha ngayo ngokubiza amagama nezandi ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ulwimi: Ukukwazi ukunxibelelana, ukuqonda, nokwenza abanye baqonde (ngentetho, izimbo zomzimba, nokubhala).

Ngoko ke zithini ezi ngxaki zokulibaziseka kwentetho okanye ulwimi?

Nangona iingxaki zokuthetha neengxaki zolwimi ziyimiba emibini eyahlukeneyo, zihlala zibonwa kunye. Cinga ngale ndlela.

• Umntwana onengxaki yolwimi angawabiza kakuhle amagama, kodwa angawadibanisa amagama amabini kuphela ukuze enze izivakalisi ezilula kakhulu. Basenokuba nobunzima bokuchaza ingcinga epheleleyo.
• Kwelinye icala, umntwana onengxaki yokuthetha angazama ukuziveza esebenzisa amagama namabinzana, kodwa kunokuba nzima kakhulu kwabanye ukuqonda oko bakuthethayo. Basenokungathethi kakuhle amagama abo okanye bangakwazi ukubiza oonobumba abathile.

Zithini iimpawu zokulibaziseka kwentetho okanye kolwimi? Sifanele sikhathazeke nini?

Ukuba unomntwana ongaphenduliyo kwizandi okanye ongazenziyo kwaphela, kufuneka umse kugqirha ngoko nangoko. Oko kuyimfuneko. Kodwa amaxesha amaninzi, kunzima kubazali ukuqonda ukuba umntwana wabo uphuze kancinci ekuqaleni ukuthetha, okanye ukuba kukho into engalunganga ngokwenene efuna ingqalelo.

Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqaphele. Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa naziphi na kwezi mpawu, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha:

• Nokuba sele uneenyanga ezili-12: Ukuba awusebenzisi izimbo zomzimba ezifana nokukhomba okanye ukuthi 'tata'.
• Nokuba emva kweenyanga ezili-18:Ukuba uzama ukuziveza ngezenzo zomzimba endaweni yokuthetha.
• Kwiinyanga ezili-18: Ubunzima bokulinganisa izandi ezenziwa ngabanye abantu.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuqonda izicelo ezilula zomlomo, ezinje ngokuthi "ndinike ibhola."
• Xa eneminyaka emi-2: Ulingisa kuphela amazwi okanye izenzo ezithethwayo, kodwa akathethi amagama amatsha okanye amabinzana amatsha ngokuzenzekelayo.
• Nokuba baneminyaka emi-2 ubudala: Ukuba bathetha izandi ezithile okanye amagama athile ngokuqhubekayo, ukuba abakwazi ukuthetha ngayo nayiphi na into ngaphandle kweemfuno zabo zangoku ngelo xesha.
• Uneminyaka emi-2 ubudala: Ukuba awukwazi ukulandela imiyalelo elula, efana nokuthi "thatha ithoyizi."
• Nokuba emva kweminyaka emi-2: Ukuba kukho umgangatho ongaqhelekanga kwilizwi (umz., ukurhawuzelela, ukurhawuzelela okanye isandi sempumlo).

Kwakhona, ukuba intetho yomntwana wakho kunzima ukuyiqonda ngokweminyaka yakhe, oko kukuthi, ukuba intetho ayicacanga, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha ngaloo nto.

• Ngokomndilili, abazali kunye nabanakekeli abaqhelekileyo kufuneka bakwazi ukuqonda malunga ne-50% yoko kuthethwa ngumntwana xa eneminyaka emi-2 .
• Kwiminyaka emi-3 ubudala, eli nqanaba lokuqonda kufuneka libe malunga ne-75% .
• Xa eneminyaka emi-4 ubudala , nomntu ongamazi kakuhle umntwana kufuneka akwazi ukuqonda oko akutshoyo ngokucacileyo.

Zithini izizathu zokulibaziseka kokuthetha okanye kolwimi?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba kutheni kunokulibaziseka ukuthetha. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Ukuphazamiseka komlomo: Umzekelo, iingxaki zolwimi okanye inkalakahla (uphahla lomlomo).
• Ukufinyezwa kwe-frenulum (ukugoba phantsi kolwimi): Oku kunciphisa intshukumo yolwimi kwaye kunokwenza kube nzima ukubiza oonobumba abathile. Abanye abantu bakwabiza oku ngokuthi 'ukubopha ulwimi'.

Abantwana abanengxaki yokuthetha ixesha elide badla ngokuba neengxaki zemisipha yomlomo . Ezi ngxaki zenzeka xa kukho ingxaki kwiindawo zengqondo ezinoxanduva lokuthetha. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukulungelelanisa kakuhle iintshukumo zemilebe, ulwimi, kunye nomhlathi ezifunekayo ukuze bathethe. Abantwana abanale meko banokuba nezinye iingxaki zemisipha yomlomo, ezifana neengxaki zokutya.

Iingxaki zokuva nazo zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekuthetheni. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho nokuthandabuza okuncinci malunga nokuthetha, kubalulekile ukuba umntwana wakho ahlolwe ukuva kwakhe yingcali ye-audiologist . Kuba abantwana abaneengxaki zokuva banokuba nobunzima bokuthetha, ukuqonda, ukulinganisa nokusebenzisa ulwimi.

Usulelo lwendlebeUkuva kunokuchaphazeleka, ingakumbi zizifo ezingapheliyo ezihlala ixesha elide kwaye zithatha ixesha elide ukuphola. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba indlebe enye iyakwazi ukuva kakuhle, ngokuqhelekileyo akukho ngxaki inkulu ngophuhliso lwentetho nolwimi.

Uzibona njani ezi ngxaki zokulibaziseka? Ngubani onokunceda kule nto?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unokuba nengxaki efana nale, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukubona iNgcali yezifo zoLwimi lokuThetha (SLP) ngokukhawuleza . Ngamanye amaxesha sibabiza ngokuba 'ziingcali zentetho', akunjalo? Ungafumana ingcali yentetho ngokwakho, okanye ucele ugqirha wosapho lwakho (uMboneleli wezeMpilo) ukuba akuthumelele ingcebiso.

Le SLP (ingcali yentetho nolwimi) iza kuvavanya ngononophelo izakhono zomntwana zokuthetha nolwimi. Iya kunika uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo kwaye ijonge ngokusondeleyo amanyathelo abalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni intetho nolwimi.

Ingcali yezentetho ikwanika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwezi zinto:

• Luluphi ulwimi lomntwana wakho olubonisa ulwamkeleko ? Oko kukuthi, indlela ayiqonda kakuhle ngayo into oyithethayo nemiyalelo yakho.
• Zithini izakhono zolwimi zomntwana wakho? Oko kukuthi, indlela asebenzisa ngayo amagama, izivakalisi kunye neengcamango.
• Uphuhliso oluvakalayo kunye nokucaca kwentetho.
• Imeko yomntwana yokusetyenziswa kwemisipha yomlomo - oko kukuthi, indlela amalungu anjengomlomo, ulwimi, kunye nenkalakahla asebenzisana ngayo ngexesha lokuthetha, kunye nexesha lokutya nokuginya.

Ngokusekelwe kwezi ziphumo zovavanyo, ingcali yentetho kunye nolwimi iya kucebisa ukuba umntwana wakho uyaludinga na unyango lokuthetha .

Luluphi uhlobo loncedo olunikezelwa yi-Speech Therapy?

Ingcali yokuthetha iza kusebenza nomntwana wakho ukuphuhlisa izakhono zakhe zokuthetha nolwimi ngemisebenzi nemidlalo. Kuya kuvakala ngathi kukudlala kumntwana. Baza kukufundisa nemisebenzi yasekhaya onokuyenza ukunceda umntwana wakho. Kuba ukongeza kwizinto ozenzayo nengcali yokuthetha usuku okanye ezimbini ngeveki, izinto ezincinci abazali abanokuzenza ekhaya zinokwenza umahluko omkhulu.

Abazali banokunceda njani kule nto? Oku kubaluleke kakhulu!

Abazali badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuncedeni abantwana abaneengxaki zokuthetha okanye zolwimi. Kungaba nzima ukulihamba eli hambo ngaphandle koncedo lwakho. Nazi ezinye izinto ezilula, kodwa ezisebenzayo onokuzenza ekhaya ukunceda umntwana wakho aphuhlise intetho yakhe:

• Beka unxibelelwano kwindawo yokuqala: Thetha nomntwana wakho rhoqo. Phendula nakwezona zandi zincinci azenzayo. Mkhuthaze ukuba acule iingoma, alinganise izandi kunye neempawu zomzimba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala naye nithethe kwaye nidlale naye kwasebuntwaneni ukuze eve.

Khawucinge nje, xa umntwana wakho esithi "Aaah..." uze uncume ubuze, "Aaah... uthetha ukuthini nyana/ntombi yam?", uyaqonda ukuba kukho umntu osabela kwisandi sakhe. Loo nto imenza afune ukwenza izandi ezingaphezulu.

• Mfundele iincwadi umntwana wakho: Qala ukufundela umntwana wakho iincwadi esemncinci kakhulu, xa eneenyanga ezimbalwa ubudala. Khetha iincwadi ezithambileyo, iincwadi zebhodi, okanye iincwadi ezinemifanekiso emikhulu necacileyo efanelekileyo kubudala bomntwana wakho. Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba ajonge imifanekiso njengoko uyibiza ngamagama. Beka ecaleni imizuzu embalwa ngosuku yokwenza oku.
• Sebenzisa iimeko zemihla ngemihla: Thetha nomntwana wakho ngezinto ozenzayo imini yonke ukuze uncede ekuphuhliseni intetho yakhe nolwimi lwakhe. Xela iintlobo zeziqhamo nemifuno xa usiya evenkileni, chaza into oyenzayo xa upheka okanye ucoca igumbi, khomba izinto ezijikeleze indlu kwaye umxelele ukuba zeziphi. Gcina izinto zilula, kodwa kuphephe ukusebenzisa 'intetho yomntwana' kunye nokusebenzisa izifinyezo. Kubalulekile ukubiza amagama ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ubize igama liphela.

Umzekelo, kungcono ukuthi "amanzi" kunokuba uthi "boo" xa unika amanzi, kunye nokuthi "irayisi" kunokuba uthi "bum" xa unika irayisi. Emva koko umntwana ufunda amagama afanelekileyo. Nokuba kuthatha ixesha ukuba athethe loo mazwi, igama elichanekileyo liya kufika engqondweni yakhe.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Ukulibaziseka kokuthetha nolwimi akuyonto ibalulekileyo, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo yinto ekufuneka uyiqwalasele. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuzibona kwangethuba uze ufumane unyango olufunekayo noncedo. Ngale ndlela, umntwana wakho uya kukwazi ukuthetha nokuzibonakalisa njengabanye abantwana.

Ngoko ke ukuba unemibuzo okanye unenkxalabo malunga nophuhliso lolwimi lomntwana wakho, nceda uthethe nogqirha wosapho lwakho okanye ugqirha wezingane ngokukhawuleza. Baza kukuthumela kwiNgcali yezifo zoLwimi lokuThetha ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Khumbula, ungoyiki, kodwa ungalibazisi. Ukwenza izinto kwangethuba kuya kumnceda kakhulu umntwana wakho.

Wonke umzali ufuna ukubona umntwana wakhe ethetha kakuhle. Masiqaphele sonke size sinike inkxaso efunekayo kuloo nto.

Ukulibaziseka kwentetho , Ukulibaziseka kolwimi, Intetho eLibazisekileyo, Uphuhliso lolwimi, Unyango lwentetho, Ingcali yezifo zentetho, Uphuhliso lomntwana