Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yengozi engenakucingelwa, okanye ngenxa yemeko ethile yempilo, okanye kwanasekuzalweni, umntu unokulahlekelwa yingalo. Nangona oku kuyinto enempembelelo enkulu ebomini, ngeteknoloji yezonyango ephucukileyo ephuhlisiweyo namhlanje, ingalo yokufakelwa ingasetyenziselwa ukunceda ukoyisa loo mngeni. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale nto, oko kukuthi, iingalo zokufakelwa, ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe .
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ingalo yokufakelwa?
Ingalo yokufakelwa sisixhobo esinokusetyenziselwa ukuthatha indawo yengalo yakho yendalo. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-prosthesis yelungu elingaphezulu. Inokuba yinxalenye yengalo yakho, njengesandla sakho, isihlakala , ingalo, okanye ingalo yakho yonke, ukusuka kwingqiniba, ingalo ephezulu, okanye igxalaba. Ezi ziza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwezingasebenziyo, njengengalo yonodoli evenkileni yempahla, ukuya kwezobuchwephesha obuphezulu, njengengalo yerobhothi.
Ngubani ofuna ingalo yokufakelwa?
Oku kudla ngokuba yingxaki kumntu osuswe ilungu ngotyando (amputation) okanye umntu ozelwe enomahluko welungu lomzimba. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zelungu lomzimba elifakelweyo elifanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela elisuswe ngayo ilungu kunye nomahluko welungu lomzimba.
Nantsi eminye imizekelo:
- Ukunqunyulwa kwengalo ngethambo lengalo: Ukuba ingalo yakho isusiwe ngethambo elisesinqeni sakho.
- Ukuqhekeka kwengqiniba: Ukuba ingalo iqhekeke ngokupheleleyo kwijoyinti yengqiniba.
- Ukunqunyulwa kwethambo ngethambo le-humerus: Ukuba ingalo isusiwe ngaphezulu kwengqiniba , ngethambo le-humerus.
- Ukuqhekeka kwegxalaba: Ukuba ingalo isusiwe kwijoyinti yegxalaba.
- Ukunqunyulwa kwe-forequarter: Kule meko, ingalo yonke, kunye ne-ehlombe kunye ne-collarbone, ziyasuswa.
- Ukungabikho kwemilenze ezelwe: Ubude nobubanzi bengalo buyachaphazeleka ngenxa yokungakhuli kwamathambo engalo xa ezalwa.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zezandla zokufakelwa?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezandla zokufakelwa. Ezinye zenzelwe nje ukubonakala, ezinye ziyasebenza. Ezinye zenzelwe imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, ngelixa ezinye zenzelwe imisebenzi ekhethekileyo okanye imidlalo. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lwesandla sokufakelwa | Indlela esebenza ngayo kunye neempawu zayo |
|---|---|
| I-Passive Arm Prosthesis (ingalo ebonakalayo kuphela) | Oku akusebenzi njengesandla somntu, kodwa kungenziwa kufane ngqo nesandla sendalo. Kungenziwa nge-silicone, umbala kunye nemilo efanayo nesandla sakho esinye. Abantu abaninzi bayayisebenzisa le nto xa besiya kwiipati nakwimicimbi yoluntu. |
| I-Prosthesis Yengalo Esebenza Ngomzimba | Esi sisixhobo esisebenza ngoomatshini. Siqhagamshelwe kwezinye izihlunu emzimbeni wakho (umz. igxalaba lakho) ngenkqubo yeentambo kunye neentambo. Xa ushukumisa ezo zihlunu, ungenza inxalenye efana neenzipho yale ngalo yokwenziwa ivuleke kwaye ivalwe. Oku kulungile kakhulu kumsebenzi onzima, kuba ihlala ixesha elide. |
| Ingalo yokufakelwa ejolise kwimisebenzi ethile | Ukuba ufuna ukwenza umsebenzi othile, ezemidlalo, okanye into oyithandayo, ungayilungisa le ngalo ukuze ihambelane nayo. Umzekelo, ungancamathisela isixhobo osidingayo xa ukhwela ibhayisekile, uphakamisa iintsimbi, okanye uchwela ngqo kule ngalo. |
| I-Myoelectric Arm Prosthesis (ingalo eqhutywa ziimpawu zombane zemisipha) | Olu lolona hlobo luphucukileyo olufumanekayo namhlanje. Esi sandla sineenzwa (ii-electrode) ezinokubona imiqondiso yombane engabonakaliyo xa ubopha izihlunu eziseleyo esandleni sakho ngabom. Ezi miqondiso zisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa amalungu neminwe yaso. Oku kunokwenza imisebenzi ebuthathaka kakhulu. Njengesandla serobhothi. |
| Ingalo yokufakelwa yeHybrid | Oku kudibanisa iindlela ezimbini ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla. Umzekelo, ingqiniba inokwenziwa ukuba isebenze ngomzimba, kwaye isandla neminwe zingenziwa ukuba zisebenze nge-myoelectric. |
Injani inkqubo yokufumana ingalo yokufakelwa?
Oku akuyonto inokwenziwa ngobusuku obunye. Kuthatha ixesha, ukuziqhelanisa, kunye nomonde omkhulu. Kuya kufuneka usebenzisane ngokusondeleyo neqela lakho lezonyango kolu hambo.
Le nkqubo, ukuba iyinyani, ayilohambo oludlula wedwa. Yintsebenziswano phakathi koogqirha, iingcali zonyango lomzimba, iingcali zokufakelwa amalungu omzimba kunye nosapho lwakho.
Nazi iindlela ezilula:
1. Ukubonisana novavanyo lwezonyango: Okokuqala, kufuneka udibane nogqirha wakho ukuze nixoxe ngale nto. Uza kukuthumela kwingcali yokufakelwa amalungu omzimba. Baza kuxoxa ngemeko yakho yomzimba, indlela ophila ngayo, iimfuno zakho, kunye neenjongo zakho baze bagqibe ukuba loluphi uhlobo lokufakelwa amalungu omzimba olulungele wena.
2. Ukulinganisa kunye nokufakelwa: Oku kwenziwa malunga neeveki ezi-3-6 emva kotyando. Isokhethi yokufakelwa yenzelwe ukukulingana ngokuthatha umlinganiselo wesandla sakho esiseleyo, mhlawumbi usebenzisa isikhunta okanye i-3D scan.
3. Uqeqesho olusisiseko: Nje ukuba ingalo yakho yenziwe, uza kunikwa uqeqesho olusisiseko malunga nendlela yokuyisebenzisa, indlela yokuyisusa, indlela yokuyifaka, indlela yokuyicoca, kunye nendlela yokusebenzisa iindawo zayo.
4. Unyango Lomzimba Nonyango Lomsebenzi: Okulandelayo, kuya kufuneka usebenze nogqirha wengqondo kunye nogqirha wengqondo ukuze ufunde indlela yokusebenzisa esi sandla ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Kuya kwenziwa umthambo wokuqinisa izihlunu ezifunekayo.
5. Inkxaso yempilo yengqondo: Le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu . Ukulahlekelwa lilungu lomzimba kukwenzakala okukhulu ngokweemvakalelo. Njengoko ulungisa umzimba wakho, kufuneka uphinde uphilise ingqondo yakho. Ungafumana uncedo oluninzi kwiingcali zempilo yengqondo kunye namaqela enkxaso kunye nabantu abaye bahlangabezana nezinto ezifanayo nezakho.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi apha?
Ukuba uza kusebenzisa ingalo yokufakelwa okanye hayi sisigqibo somntu, kodwa cinga ngezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba wenze eso sigqibo.
Iingenelo kunye neenzuzo
Ukuba awusebenzisi isandla sokufakelwa, ngokungazi uza kuqhela ukusebenzisa esinye isandla sakho kuyo yonke into. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana nezi:
- Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi yomzimba kunye nokuma okubuthathaka.
- Intlungu yentamo nomqolo ixesha elide.
- Intlungu kunye nokwenzakala okubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwelinye ingalo negxalaba (Ukulimala okuphindaphindwayo koxinzelelo).
Ezi ngozi zingancitshiswa ngokusebenzisa ingalo yokufakelwa.
Iingozi kunye nemingeni
- Xa usebenzisa iingalo ezisebenza ngomzimba, izihlunu zinokuziva zidiniwe.
- Iziphene zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki zinokubangela iingxaki zokutshaja.
- Ukuba akwenziwanga kakuhle, izilonda zoxinzelelo okanye ukurhawuzelelwa lusu kunokubakho.
- Ukubila kunokuqokelelana ngaphakathi kwesokhethi kwaye kubangele ukungakhululeki, ngoko ke kufuneka kucocwe rhoqo.
Kodwa khumbula,Uninzi lwezi ngozi lungathintelwa ngokufakelwa, ukuqeqesha, kunye nokugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Itekhnoloji entsha ebizwa ngokuba yiTargeted Muscle Reinnervation (TMR)
Le yiteknoloji entsha nephucukileyo eyenziwa kunye notyando. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwabo bafuna ukusebenzisa ingalo ye-myoelectric.
Ngamafutshane, ukuthintela iintlungu xa imithambo-luvo emikhulu inqunyulwe ngexesha lotyando lokususa ingalo, ugqirha wotyando uqhagamshela ezo nxalenye zemithambo-luvo kwezinye izihlunu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-``Targeted Muscle Reinnervation (TMR)``.
Oku kuneenzuzo ezimbini eziphambili:
1. Ukunciphisa iintlungu: Kunciphisa umngcipheko weentlungu zemithambo-luvo emva kotyando (ii-neuromas) kunye neentlungu zemilenze ezingaqhelekanga (iintlungu ezivakala ngathi kukho ilungu nangona lingekho).
2. Ukulawula isandla se-myoelectric: Ngokusebenzisa ezo zihlunu zidibeneyo, isandla se-myoelectric sinokulawulwa ngokulula nangokwemvelo.
Ungacela ugqirha wakho ukuba akunike ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga noku.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingalo yokufakelwa ingamandla amakhulu kumntu ophulukene nengalo ukuze aqalise imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla aze ajongane noluntu.
- Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezandla zokufakelwa onokukhetha kuzo ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kunye namandla akho emali.
- Oku akusosisombululo esikhawulezileyo. Kuthatha ixesha ukuqhela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna inkxaso koogqirha, iingcali zonyango lwemizimba, kunye neengcali zempilo yengqondo kolu hambo.
- Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji, namhlanje, kuye kwadalwa izandla zokwenziwa ezinokwenza neyona misebenzi iphambili nebuthathaka.
- Umonde, isimo sengqondo esihle, nobubele kuwe kulo lonke eli xesha kubalulekile ukuze uphumelele.
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