Ukuba unesifo seswekile, mhlawumbi uqhelene negama elithi 'Insulin'. Ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukunike inaliti ye-insulin oza kuyithatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokutya. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Regular Insulin' okanye 'Short-Acting Insulin'. Eli liyeza elibaluleke kakhulu lokulawula isifo seswekile. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngayo yonke le nto ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-insulin eqhelekileyo?
I-insulin yi-hormone eveliswa ngokwemvelo emizimbeni yethu. Ibalulekile ekuguquleni iswekile (i-glucose) ekutyeni esikutyayo ibe ngamandla. Kubantu abanesifo seswekile, umzimba uvelisa i-insulin encinci okanye awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo i-insulin oyivelisayo.
Ngoko ke, i-Regular Insulin luhlobo lwe-insulin eyenziweyo, oko kukuthi, eyenziwe kwilebhu. Xa inikwa umzimba njengenaliti, iyahlangabezana nemfuneko encitshisiweyo ye-insulin emzimbeni wethu.
Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo:
- Yehlisa amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho.
- Iswekile (iglucose) egazini ithunyelwa kwiiseli zomzimba ukuze isetyenziswe njengamandla, kanye njengesitshixo esivula ucango.
- Iyathintela isibindi ekuveliseni iswekile ngokungeyomfuneko.
Idla ngokuqala ukusebenza kwimizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 emva kokutofwa. Ifikelela kwisiphumo sayo esiphezulu emva kweeyure ezi-2-3, kwaye inceda ekulawuleni iswekile yegazi iiyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6.
Ngubani ofuna olu tyando lwe-insulin?
Le injection imiselwe abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 (`Uhlobo loku-1 lweswekile`) kunye nesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini (`Uhlobo lweswekile lwesibini`). Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-insulin olulungele wena, ngokusekwe kwimeko yakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kunye nendlela amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho atshintsha ngayo imini yonke.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukusebenzisa i-insulin esebenza ixesha elide elawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, kunye ne-insulin eqhelekileyo.
Yeyiphi indlela echanekileyo yokufaka i-insulin?
Inaliti ye-insulin ifakwa phantsi kwesikhumba. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kusetyenziswa inaliti kunye nesirinji okanye ipeni ekhethekileyo (ipeni ye-insulin). Ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi weklinikhi yesifo seswekile uza kukubonisa ngqo indlela yokwenza oku.
Iindawo ezifanelekileyo zokugonywa:
- Isisu (indawo ejikeleze inkaba)
- Indawo yamathanga
- Ingalo ephezulu
- Icala eliphezulu, elingaphandle lethanga
Ibaluleke kakhulu:Musa ukujova kwindawo enye yonke imihla. Tshintsha indawo ojova kuyo yonke imihla. Ukuba uqhubeka nokujova kwindawo enye, unokuba namaqhuma kunye namaqhuma (lipohypertrophy) kwezo ndawo. Xa oku kusenzeka, i-insulin ayizukufunxwa kakuhle ngumzimba.
Zithini iingozi kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zoku?
Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, i-insulin inokuba neengozi ezithile kunye nemiphumo emibi, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.
| Umngcipheko/isiphumo esibi | Iimpawu kunye noko kufuneka ukwazi |
|---|---|
| Iswekile ephezulu egazini (iHyperglycemia) | Ukuba nesiyezi, umlomo nolusu olomileyo, isicaphucaphu, ukuchama rhoqo. Ezi ziimpawu zokulahlekelwa kulawulo lwesifo seswekile. |
| Iswekile ephantsi egazini (iHypoglycemia) | Ukuba nesiyezi, ukudideka, ukubila, ukubona izinto ezingaqhelekanga, kunye nendlala enkulu. Ukuze uphephe oku, qiniseka ukuba utya kwimizuzu engama-30 emva kokufaka i-insulin. |
| I-potassium ephantsi egazini (i-Hypokalemia) | Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo, ukuziva udiniwe, izihlunu zishukuma. |
| Impendulo enzima ye-allergy (i-Anaphylaxis) | Oku kuyinto engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ukuba ufumana ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukurhawuzelelwa, okanye ukudumba kolwimi/umphimbo/ubuso, yimeko engxamisekileyo leyo. |
| Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga | Ububomvu, ukudumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukutyeba, iintlungu zemisipha kwindawo yokufakwa inaliti. |
| Ukuba kuvela ezi mpawu zimbi zingasentla (iswekile ephantsi/ephezulu egazini, i-allergies), funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane. | |
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba uthatha i-insulin eninzi kakhulu (i-overdose)?
Ewe, ukuthatha i-insulin eninzi kakhulu kuyingozi kakhulu. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, inqanaba leswekile yakho egazini linokuhla kakhulu (`iHypoglycemia Enkulu`). Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana nokuxhuzula kunye ne-coma. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba uthathe kakhulu, fowunela u-911 ngoko nangoko kwaye ubize i-ambulensi okanye uye esibhedlele esikufutshane.
Izinto ekufuneka uzilumkele xa usebenzisa namanye amayeza
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo anokuchaphazela indlela esebenza ngayo i-insulin. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo, kuquka iivithamini, amayeza emifuno, amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu (NSAIDs), amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi (ii-beta-blockers), amayeza e-cholesterol (ii-statins), iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, kunye namanye amayeza eswekile .
Kwakhona, ukuba usela utywala, thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba, kuba unokuba nemiphumo engalindelekanga kumanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-insulin eqhelekileyo luhlobo lwe-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza ethathwa malunga nemizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokutya.
- Soloko utshintsha indawo ofake kuyo inaliti. Musa ukuqhubeka ufaka inaliti kwindawo enye.
- Qaphela iimpawu zeswekile ephantsi egazini (iHypoglycemia) kunye neswekile ephezulu egazini (iHyperglycemia). Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Yazisa ugqirha wakho malunga nazo zonke ezinye iziyobisi, iivithamini, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo onokuba nazo (ii-allergies, ukukhulelwa).
- Musa ukutshintsha, ukuyeka, okanye ukutsiba ukutya ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho nangasiphi na isizathu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela ingcebiso kagqirha wakho ukuze ulawule isifo sakho seswekile.
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