Ngaba unenxeba elincinci, elingqukuva, mhlawumbi elitshone kancinci engalweni yakho, ngaphantsi nje kwegxalaba? Usenokuba ukhe walibona eli nxeba ezandleni zikamama, utata, okanye zootatomkhulu noomakhulu. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba linxeba nje elidala. Kodwa eneneni kukho ibali elikhulu emva kwalo. Namhlanje, masithethe ngeli nxeba lokugonyela i-smallpox.
Yintoni kanye kanye inxeba lokugonyela i-smallpox?
Ngamafutshane, obu bubungqina bokuba ugonyelwe i-smallpox. Olu rhashalala ludla ngokuba lungqukuva, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha imiphetho inokuphakama kancinci. Lunokutshona kancinci kwaye lube ngaphantsi kolusu olujikelezileyo.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezitofu ezibangela esi silonda:
- I-ACAM2000™: Le yindlela yokugonya esetyenziswa ngoku ukukhusela i-smallpox. Nangona kunjalo, ayinikwa wonke umntu. Ngenxa yokuba i-smallpox isusiwe ehlabathini ngenxa yeenkqubo zokugonya eziqaliswe phantsi kobunkokeli be-World Health Organisation, ngoku inikwa kuphela amaqela akhethekileyo, njengabasebenzi belabhoratri abasebenza neentlobo ezithile zeentsholongwane kunye nabasebenzi bomkhosi kwamanye amazwe.
- I-Dryvax®: Le yigonyo eyayisetyenziswa ngaphambi kogonyo lwe-ACAM2000. Le gonyo yanikwa izigidi zabantu kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela, kuquka neSri Lanka, phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1900. Le gonyo yayekwa ukusetyenziswa kuluntu ngokubanzi ngo-1972. Emva koko, yanikwa abantu ababalulekileyo kuphela, njengabasebenzi bezempilo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba unesi silonda esandleni sakho, mhlawumbi wafumana isitofu seDryvax® kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo.
Kutheni le nto olu gonyo lubangela isilonda esingaka?
Isizathu soku sinomdla. Isitofu sokugonya i-smallpox sishiya isilonda kuba isitofu senza ngabom usulelo oluncinci nolulawulwayo eluswini lwakho. Inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela ilwa nesi sifo kwaye iyasoyisa. Kulapho ke loo "mlo" wenzeka khona, kwaye kulapho esi silonda sincinci sishiyeke khona.
Nantsi indlela eyenzeka ngayo oku:
Xa ugqirha efaka inaliti, usebenzisa inaliti ekhethekileyo enencam ephindwe kabini. Le naliti ifakwa kulwelo lwenaliti ize ihlatywe izihlandlo ezininzi eluswini lwengalo yakho engasentla.
Le ndlela ibangela ukuba kubekho usulelo oluncinci kuloo ndawo. Akukho nto inokubangela uxhalabo, yiloo nto ekufanele ukuba yenzeke. Olu sulelo "luqeqesha" inkqubo yakho yomzimba, luyilungiselela ukulwa nentsholongwane yokwenyani ye-smallpox ukuba ivele.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu gonyo aluyi kukunika i-smallpox. Oku kungenxa yokuba olu gonyo alunazo iintsholongwane ezibangela i-smallpox (i-variola virus). Endaweni yoko, lune-virus enxulumene nayo kodwa engenabungozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-vaccinia virus. Xa imizimba yethu ifumana amandla okuzikhusela kule ntsholongwane yogonyo, loo mandla okuzikhusela asikhusela nakwi-smallpox virus yokwenyani.
Kwiintsuku ezi-3-4 emva kokufumana isitofu, indawo iya kuba bomvu, idumbe kancinci, kwaye irhawuzelele. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"a take." Oku kuthetha ukuba isitofu sisebenza kakuhle.
- Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, eli qhaphu libomvu liba yiblista egcwele ubovu.
- Emva kweentsuku ezili-10, oku kuya kuqala ukoma kancinci.
- Okulandelayo, kuvela uqweqwe kuloo ndawo.
- Olu qweqwe luza kuwa kwiintsuku ezili-14-21, lushiye isilonda esincinci esitshonileyo.
Eli nxeba luphawu oluhle lokuba umzimba wakho uphumelele ekwakheni amandla okuzikhusela kwi-smallpox.
Kutheni ndingenalo eli nxeba? Ngaba isitofu asizange sisebenze?
Ukuba kutshanje unikwe ugonyo lwe-smallpox (umzekelo, ngomsebenzi okhethekileyo) kwaye awuzange ube nerhashalala, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ugonyo "aluzange luthathe." Oko kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho awukaphenduli. Kodwa ugqirha uza kuqaphela oku ngaphambi kokuba wenze njalo.
Ugqirha uhlala ejonga indawo leyo ukuba ayinamaqhuqhuva kwiveki yokuqala emva kokugonywa. Ukuba akukho zimpawu zibonakalayo, kunokucetyiswa ukuba ugonywe kwakhona.
Kwabo bafumene ugonyo kudala, amanxeba anokuphela kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kuqhelekile.
Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwesi silonda kunye nesitofu sokugonya se-mpox esisandula ukuthethwa ngaso?
Ewe, kukho unxibelelwano. I-smallpox kunye ne-mpox (eyayisakuba yi-monkeypox) zombini zibangelwa lusapho olufanayo lweentsholongwane. Ke ngoko, isitofu sokugonya i-smallpox sinokubonelela ngokhuseleko oluthile kwi-mpox.
Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zemithi yokugonya esetyenziselwa ukukhusela imasisi. Enye yemithi yokugonya ye -ACAM2000™ esithethe ngayo ngaphambili. Ngokuqinisekileyo ibangela isilonda.
Esinye isitofu sokugonya sibizwa ngokuba yiJYNNEOS® . Sineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa, ngoko ke amazwe amaninzi ayasisebenzisa kwi-mpox. Nokuba isitofu sokugonya seJYNNEOS® sibangela ukurhawuzelela okanye akunjalo kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokusetyenziswa kwaso. Makhe sijonge ezi ndlela zimbini ngale ndlela.
| Indlela yokunikezelwa kwesitofu sokugonya | Inkcazo kunye nokuvela kwamanxeba |
|---|---|
| Indlela ye-intradermal | Oku kwenziwa ngokufaka isitofu kwicala elingaphakathi lebunzi lakho. Isitofu sifakwa phakathi kweengqimba ezimbini eziphezulu zesikhumba sakho (i-epidermis kunye ne-dermis). Ulusu luneeseli ezininzi zokuzikhusela, ngoko ke idosi encinci inokuvelisa impendulo enkulu.Le ndlela inokubangela amanxeba kwabanye abantu. |
| Indlela engaphantsi kwesikhumba | Olu luhlaselo olungena engalweni engasentla. Eli yeza lifakwa nzulu kakhulu kulusu ("hypodermis"). Le ndlela ayishiyi silonda. |
Masifunde nangeengozi ze-keloid.
Xa inxeba lesikhumba liphola, abanye abantu baba nesilonda esikhulu, esidumbileyo, nesityebileyo kunesilonda esiqhelekileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba sisilonda se-keloid . Abantu ababenazo izilonda ze-keloid ngaphambili banamathuba amaninzi okufumana isilonda esifanayo kwakhona ukuba banikwa inaliti ye-Intradermal. Ngoko ke ukuba unembali enjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho. Emva koko uya kukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokujova.
Ngaba ukuba nesilonda se-smallpox kuthetha ukuba ukhuselekile kwi-measles?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Impendulo ithi, "Andinakutsho ngokuqinisekileyo, kufuneka ucele ugqirha wakho ukuba aqinisekise."
Ukuba nesilonda kunokubonelela ngokhuseleko oluthile, kodwa ukuba olo khuselo luqine kangakanani kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:
- Kudala kangakanani ukusukela oko wagonywa? (Amasosha omzimba aqala ukuncipha emva kweminyaka emi-3-5).
- Ufumene luphi ugonyo?
- Injani impilo yakho iyonke?
Kodwa nantsi enye into ebalulekileyo. Ayizizo zonke izibazi ezingqukuva esandleni sakho ezisisibazi sokugonyelwa i-smallpox. ESri Lanka, isitofu seBacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), esixhaphakileyo kuthi nxamnye nesifo sephepha, sikwabangela isibazi esifanayo. Izibazi zeBCG zihlala zikwingalo ephezulu ekhohlo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka wazi kakuhle ukuba unesibazi se-smallpox okanye isibazi seBCG esandleni sakho.
Ngoko ke, musa ukujonga nje inxeba uze ucinge ukuba ukhuselekile kwiMpox. Ugqirha wakho wosapho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukwazi imbali yakho yokugonywa kunye nokhuseleko oluchanekileyo olufunayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Irhashalala lokugonyela i-smallpox luphawu lokuba umzimba wakho uphumelele ekwakheni amandla okuzikhusela kwi-smallpox.
- Esi silonda senzeka njengempendulo yomzimba kwisifo esilawulwayo esibangelwa yigonyo eluswini.
- Kubalulekile ukwahlula ukuba isilonda esisesandleni sakho sivela kugonyo lwe-smallpox okanye kugonyo lwe-BCG, oluqheleke kakhulu eSri Lanka.
- Nangona ukubakho kwesiphene kwisitofu sokugonya se-smallpox esidala kunokubonelela ngokhuseleko oluthile kwi-mpox, musa ukuthembela ngokupheleleyo kuyo.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nembali yakho yokugonywa, imbali yokugonywa, okanye ukhuseleko kwizifo ezifana ne-measles, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.
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