Ngaba uyazi ngokufa kwentliziyo ngesiquphe?

Usenokuba ukhe weva ukuba umntu ophilileyo, owayengenasifo okanye ukubandezeleka, wasweleka ngequbuliso. Ngamanye amaxesha sisenokuba sibone kwiphephandaba ukuba umdlali wezemidlalo wawa ebaleni waza wafa. Kuyasothusa kakhulu xa sisiva izinto ezinjalo, akunjalo? Uninzi lwexesha, unobangela wokufa ngequbuliso yingxaki yentliziyo. Namhlanje, masithethe ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi -'Sudden Cardiac Death' (SCD) . Nangona le yinto eyingozi kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD)?

Ngamafutshane, 'Ukufa Kwentliziyo Ngesiquphe' (SCD) kukufa ngequbuliso, okungalindelekanga okwenzeka ngexesha elifutshane, njengeyure, ngenxa yengxaki ethile entliziyweni. Oku kwenzeka xa intliziyo ima ngequbuliso, oko kukuthi, xa 'Ukubanjwa Kwentliziyo' kwenzeka. Cinga ngayo, intliziyo ifana nenjini yomzimba wethu. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ngathi le njini iyeka ukusebenza ngequbuliso.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa intliziyo ima? Intliziyo ipompa igazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Ukuba intliziyo ima, ingqondo kunye nezinye izitho ezibalulekileyo azifumani moya-mpilo. Ngaphandle kwe-oksijini, la malungu awakwazi ukusebenza kwaye awakwazi ukusinda. Ke ngoko, ukuba uncedo alufumaneki ngokukhawuleza kwaye intliziyo ayiqali ukusebenza kwakhona, inokuphela ngokufa. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Sudden Cardiac Death'.

Kodwa nantsi into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule. Ukuba uqala i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) kwangoko nje ukuba umntu abe nokuma kwentliziyo, oko kukuthi, xa intliziyo yakhe iyeka ukubetha, ungaphinda kabini okanye kathathu amathuba okusindisa ubomi bakhe. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kangaka ukwazi nge-CPR.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-`SCD`?

Oku kuyoyikisa kancinci. I-SCD yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukufa ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo kumazwe afana ne-United States. Ibangela isiqingatha sabo bonke abantu ababulawa zizifo zentliziyo.

Ngokwezibalo, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3.5 eMelika kuphela banengxaki yokubanjwa yintliziyo ngaphandle kwesibhedlele minyaka le. Into ebuhlungu kukuba, nokuba bafumana unyango kwiinkonzo zee-ambulensi, linani elincinci kuphela, malunga ne-10%, elisindayo.

Enye into kukuba amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kabini okuba ne-SCD kunabasetyhini. Kodwa ayixhaphakanga kangako kubantwana abancinci. Kuzalwa umntwana omnye okanye ababini kuphela kwi-100,000 ngonyaka.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo ngaphambi kokuba umntu afe ngesiquphe ngenxa yentliziyo?

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha kukho iimpawu ezinokuvela kwiiyure, iintsuku, okanye iiveki ngaphambi kokuba kubekho i-SCD. Ukuba uzinika ingqalelo ezi, unokukwazi ukuphepha ingozi enkulu. Ukuba unale mpawu, kufuneka ufune ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko .

• Iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ezingaqhelekanga : Oku kuthetha utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kwizinto ezifana nesantya sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo(Iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo): Izinto ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ukuxinana, iintlungu eziphuma engalweni yasekhohlo.
• Izifo ezinzulu ezifana ne-'Sepsis': Imeko ebangelwa kusulelo olunzima emzimbeni.
• Ukudinwa : Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuphefumla kancinci: Ukuziva ngathi uyafuthanisela nangona ushukuma kancinci.
• Intlungu yesifuba : Olu lolona phawu luphambili abantu abaninzi abaluqhelileyo.
• Ukuquleka: Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso nokuwa.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo: Imvakalelo yentliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza, isandi esitsho ngamandla esifubeni.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, musa ukuyithatha lula loo nto. Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni ebangela le `SCD`?

Eyona nto ibangela i-'SCD' sisifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo . Ngamafutshane, kukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni (imithambo yegazi yentliziyo) ngamanqatha. Oku kuthintela intliziyo ekufumaneni igazi elaneleyo.

I-SCD kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala idla ngokubangelwa kukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo (arrhythmia) . Le yingxaki ngesingqisho sentliziyo. Oku kunokubangelwa ziingxaki zentliziyo yokuzalwa okanye iimeko zemfuza ezichaphazela inkqubo yombane yentliziyo.

Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba abadlali abangochwephesha bahlolwa rhoqo ukuba abanaso isifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ukuqina kwemisipha yentliziyo, ingakumbi iiseli zemisipha yentliziyo), nto leyo ebangela i-SCD kuloo minyaka. Nangona kunjalo, i-SCD ayifumaneki kakhulu kubadlali (phakathi kwetyala elinye ukuya kwesithandathu kwi-100,000 yabadlali abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala).

Unobangela we-SCD kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala udla ngokufana neSifo seMithambo seCoronary esikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili.

Ukongeza kwezi zizathu zimbini ziphambili, kukho nezinye izizathu ezininzi ze-'SCD'. Nazi:

• I-Cardiomyopathy evela kwiSifo sokuSetyenziswa koTywala .
• Ukutyeba kakhulu .
• Izifo zemfuza zemisipha yentliziyo, umzekelo i-'Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy' ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili kunye ne -'Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy '.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-SCD?

Zininzi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba ne-SCD. Le ngozi iyanda ngokukhula, ukuba uyindoda, kwaye ukuba unezifo ezithile zentliziyo ezibangelwa lufuzo (umz., i-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy).

Izinto ezimbini eziphambili ezibangela umngcipheko zezi:

• Ukuba sele ukhe wahlaselwa yintliziyo ngaphambili: Umngcipheko we-SCD uphezulu emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Isifo semithambo yentliziyo:Ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko oku ziquka ukutshaya, imbali yentsapho yesifo sentliziyo, amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol, kunye nentliziyo ekhulisiweyo.

Ukongeza koku, kukho nezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko:

• Ekubeni ngaphambili wayekhe waba `nentliziyo ebambeke ngequbuliso`.
• Kukho umntu kusapho oye waba `ne-Sudden Cardiac Arrest` okanye `i-SCD`.
• Wena okanye umntu okwintsapho yakho unezingqisho ezithile zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga (`Arrhythmia`). Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne -`Long QT Syndrome` , `Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome` kunye ne -`Ventricular Tachycardia` .
• Ukwenzeka kwe -'Ventricular Tachycardia' okanye 'Ventricular Fibrillation' emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Ukuba neengxaki zentliziyo zokuzalwa okanye iingxaki zemithambo yegazi.
• Ukuba nembali ye-syncope rhoqo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo : Oku kuthetha ukuba amandla entliziyo okupompa igazi abuthathaka kunesiqhelo. Abantu abanengxaki yokusilela kwentliziyo banamathuba aphindwe kathandathu ukuya kwelithoba okuba ne-Ventricular Arrhythmia (ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga kweeseli zentliziyo) kwaye banesifo sokubanjwa yintliziyo ngequbuliso kunabanye.
• I-Dilated Cardiomyopathy (imisipha yentliziyo ekhulisiweyo nebuthathaka): Le yimbangela ye-SCDs ezimalunga ne-10%. Ukuvaleka kunye nokonakala kwemisipha yentliziyo kwandisa umngcipheko we-rhythm yentliziyo engaqhelekanga. Oku kunokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo.
• I-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (ukuqina kwemisipha yentliziyo).
• Utshintsho olubalulekileyo kumanqanaba e -potassium kunye ne-magnesium egazini.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu .
• Isifo seswekile .
• Ukuba nembali yokusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza achaphazela isantya sentliziyo.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto zinobungozi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha malunga neendlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho.

Uyibona njani i-`SCD`?

I-`SCD` iqinisekiswa ngugqirha emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba bekungekho ezinye izizathu zokufa. Umntu usenokuba `une-Sudden Cardiac Arrest` kwaye usenokuba ne-`SCD` ukuba unezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuba bendingaphefumli.
• Ukuba i-pulse ayiwi.
• Ukuba bekungekho ngqondo.

Yintoni esinokuyenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-SCD?

Zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko.

• Yiya kugqirha ngexesha kwaye uthethe naye ngempilo yakho.
• Ziqhelise indlela yokuphila enempilo. Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo, qhelisa umzimba, kwaye utye ukutya okunamafutha aphantsi.
• Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo zonke iimveliso zecuba.
• Ukuba une-cholesterol ephezulu, okanye ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho akuhambelani kakuhle (`Arrhythmia`),Sela amayeza achazwe ngugqirha ngqo.
• Ukuba ugqirha wakho uyayicebisa, fumana isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-`Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator` (`ICD`) . Esi sixhobo sibona izingqisho zentliziyo eziyingozi kwaye sinike intliziyo umothuko wombane ukuze ibuyele esiqhelweni.
• Yenza unyango okanye utyando olucetyiswe ngugqirha wakho, olufana ne -Angioplasty (ukuvula imithambo yentliziyo) okanye i-Catheter Ablation (ukulungisa imiqondiso yombane engahambelaniyo entliziyweni).
• Ukuba ugqirha wakho uyayicebisa, yenza uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuze ubone ukuba kukho naziphi na iimeko zemfuza ezinokubangela i-SCD.
• Fundisa usapho lwakho ngokubaluleka kwe-CPR. Baxelele ngezinto abamele bazenze xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.

Abadlali abakhuphisanayo kufuneka bahlolwe isifo sentliziyo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Oku kufuneka kuquke ukuphononongwa kwembali yabo yezonyango kunye neyentsapho (efanele ihlaziywe minyaka le) kunye novavanyo lomzimba. Ukuba kukho into ekrokrisayo ngexesha lovavanyo lokuqala, ugqirha wabo wezonyango lwezemidlalo unokucebisa uvavanyo olongezelelweyo.

Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha wentliziyo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwesifo sentliziyo kunye ne-SCD?

Abantu abaninzi bayabhidanisa ezi zinto zimbini. Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo yingxaki yokuhamba kwegazi elineoksijini kwimisipha yentliziyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa umthambo wentliziyo ohambisa igazi entliziyweni uvalekile. Kwimeko enjalo, intliziyo ayimi, iyaqhubeka nokubetha, kodwa inxalenye yentliziyo yonakele.

Ukufa Ngesiquphe Kwentliziyo (SCD) kukufa okwenzeka emva kokuba intliziyo iyekile ukubetha (Cardiac Arrest) kwaye ayinakuvuselelwa. Ukuma kwentliziyo kubangelwa yingxaki kwinkqubo yombane yentliziyo. Nangona ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunokubangela i-SCD, kukho ezinye izizathu ze-SCD. Ngamafutshane, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo yingxaki "yokubonelela", kwaye ukuma kwentliziyo yingxaki "yombane".

I-'SCD' inokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kangakanani?

Xa kwenzeka 'ukubanjwa kwentliziyo', ingqondo ayifumani ukuhamba kwegazi okwaneleyo. Oku kunokubangela ukulahleka kwengqondo kwimizuzwana embalwa. 'Ukufa kwentliziyo ngequbuliso' kunokwenzeka kwimizuzu embalwa. Yiyo loo nto kuthathwa njengengxamiseko.

Ukuba umntu omthandayo ufa ngequbuliso yi-SCD...

Ukulahlekelwa ngumntu omthandayo ngequbuliso kunokuba yenye yezona zinto zinzima ebomini. Kunzima ukunyamezela intlungu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntu omthandayo uswelekile ngenxa yengxaki yentliziyo enokuchaphazela amanye amalungu osapho, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo uze ubone ukuba usemngciphekweni na. Ukuthatha amanyathelo ngoku kunokunceda ukuzikhusela wena nosapho lwakho kwesinye isiganeko esibuhlungu.

Okokugqibela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule

Nangona 'Ukufa Ngesiquphe Kwentliziyo' kuyimeko enzulu, ingozi ingancitshiswa kakhulu ngokuyazi, ukuchonga nokulawula izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko, kunye nokulandela iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo.

• Lumkela intliziyo yakho. Phila ubomi obusempilweni.
• Qaphela iimpawu zezilumkiso. Ungazityesheli.
• Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
• Funda i-CPR. Nawe ungasindisa ubomi bomntu.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Gcina intliziyo yakho isempilweni!

Ukufa ngesiquphe kwentliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, ukubetha kwentliziyo, i-CPR, impilo yentliziyo, izinto ezinobungozi