Ngubani ugqirha we-oncologist otyandayo? Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Xa sisiva igama elithi umhlaza, sonke siyoyika kancinci, akunjalo? Kodwa kukho oogqirha abaninzi abanokusinceda baze basinike unyango esiludingayo kolu hlobo lwesifo. Ingcali enyanga izigulane ezinomhlaza ngotyando yileyo siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, "uSolwazi we-Oncologist wotyando" . Makhe sibone ukuba ungumntu onjani kwaye wenza ntoni?

Yintoni 'i-Oncologist yotyando'?

Ngamafutshane, "uSolwazi wotyando" ngugqirha ochwephesha ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni umhlaza ngotyando. Ubusazi na ukuba utyando lolona nyango luqhelekileyo nolusetyenziswa kakhulu lomhlaza? Aba gqirha abasebenzi bodwa. Basebenzisana nezinye iingcali zomhlaza, ezifana "nooSolwazi boNyango" abanyanga umhlaza ngamayeza, kunye nooSolwazi boNyango lweMisebe ababonelela ngonyango lwemitha, ukuze beze nesicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe. Kufana neqela, wonke umntu esebenzisana nawe.

Ngoko ke, yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa ngugqirha womhlaza?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba ezi ngcali zingasinceda njani, kwaye yintoni indima yazo. Zingenza oku:

• I-biopsy luvavanyo lokufumanisa ukuba iqhuma okanye ukukhula okungaqhelekanga emzimbeni wakho kungumhlaza na. Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili kwindawo ekrokrisayo uze ulivavanye. Eli linyathelo elibaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa.
• Chaza kuwe ngokulula ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-biopsy zaziyintoni na kwaye zithetha ukuthini. Ngamanye amaxesha iingxelo zonyango kunzima ukuziqonda, ngoko ke luxanduva lwabo ukuzichaza ngokucacileyo.
• Misela inqanaba lomhlaza wakho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekucwangciseni unyango. Iindlela zonyango zimiselwa ngokwenqanaba lomhlaza.
• Sebenzisana nabanye oogqirha abanyanga umhlaza ukuze bakuncede wenze isicwangciso sonyango esingcono kakhulu .
• Ngoluphi utyando onokulwenza, kunye neenkcukacha zalo, ndiza kuxoxa nawe. Unelungelo lokwazi yonke into.
• Cacisa iingenelo kunye neengxaki zotyando ngalunye olucetywayo ukuze ukwazi ukwenza isigqibo esinolwazi.
• Ndikunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokulungiselela utyando, kuquka ukutya kunye namayeza ekufuneka uyeke.
• Thetha ngento onokuyilindela emva kotyando. Umzekelo, iintlungu, ixesha lokuchacha, into onokuyenza nongenakuyenza.
• Zijonge ngokusondeleyo ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho emva kotyando.
• Nyanga iingxaki ezinokuthi zivele ngamanye amaxesha emva kotyando.
• Utyando lwePalliative Care luhlobo lotyando olwenziwa ukunciphisa iimpawu zomhlaza, ezinje ngentlungu nokungonwabi. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba umhlaza awunakunyangwa, unokukunceda uphile ubomi bakho bonke ngaphandle kwentlungu kwaye ngokulula.

Kutheni kufuneka ndidibane nogqirha wotyando lomhlaza?

Usenokuba uzibuza, 'Kutheni ndingathanda ukubona ugqirha onje?' Nazi ezinye iimeko apho unokufuna ukubona `(uGqirha we-Oncologist wotyando)`:

• Ukuba unesilingo sokuhlolwa komhlaza okanye olunye uvavanyo lwezonyango olubonisa iimpawu zomhlaza, ke lo gqirha uza kwenza uvavanyo lwe-biopsy endilukhankanyileyo ngaphambili aze athathe isampuli yezicubu ezikrokrelekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngumhlaza na.
• Ukuba usengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza. Umzekelo, ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho ukhe waba nomhlaza, okanye ukuba usengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza webele ngenxa yezizathu zemfuza, ugqirha wakho angenza i-prophylactic mastectomy njengendlela yokuthintela.
• Ukuba kufuneka ususwe ngotyando ithumba elinomhlaza, oku kungabandakanya umhlaza osasazekayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ithumba kufuneka lisuswe kungekuphela nje apho umhlaza waqala khona, kodwa nakwelo lisasazeke khona.
• Ukuba kufuneka utyando lokunyamekela abantu abanesifo sokudakumba ukuze kuncitshiswe iimpawu zomhlaza, oko kukuthi, ukunciphisa iintlungu.

Loluphi uhlobo lotyando oluqhutywa ngaba gqirha bomhlaza?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando lomhlaza: utyando olungena emzimbeni kakhulu notyando oluvulekileyo .

Cinga ngale ndlela,

• Utyando Olungenabungozi Kakhulu: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wenza imingxunya embalwa emzimbeni wakho kwaye usebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukususa umhlaza. Le nkqubo ayishiyi silonda esikhulu, ungaphila ngokukhawuleza, kwaye unokufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele ixesha elincinci. Ngamanye amaxesha, kufakwa ikhamera (njenge-laparoscope) kutyando ukuze ugqirha abone ngaphakathi ngokucacileyo.
• Utyando Oluvulekileyo: Kule meko, kwenziwa umngxuma omnye omkhulu ukuze kususwe ithumba elinomhlaza. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, le ndlela inokuba yimfuneko ukuba ithumba likhulu okanye ukuba lichaphazele izicwili ezingqongileyo.

Utyando ludla ngokuba lolona nyango luphumelelayo kwiithumba eziqinileyo. Umzekelo, lolona nyango luphambili lwezifo ezifana nomhlaza webele. Kwakhona, ukuba umhlaza usekwinqanaba lokuqala, oko kuthetha ukuba awukasasazeki kwezinye iindawo, ingakumbi ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane, utyando lolona nyango luphambili.

Nazi ezinye imizekelo:

• Umhlaza Wekholoni: Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ingcali yotyando ingenza i-Polypectomy (isusa amahlumela amancinci kwikholoni) okanye i-Partial Colectomy (isusa inxalenye yekholoni enomhlaza).
• Umhlaza wemiphunga ongengoweeseli ezincinci: Olu hlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga lunokunyangelwa nge-lobectomy (ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kwe-lobe echaphazelekayo yemiphunga) okanye ngokususwa kwemiphunga (ukususwa kwenxalenye encinci yemiphunga equlethe umhlaza).
• Umhlaza weprostate: Utyando olwenziwayo ukunyanga lo mhlaza kumadoda lubizwa ngokuba yi-prostatectomy . Lubandakanya ukususwa kwe-prostate gland yonke okanye inxalenye yayo.

Yintoni omele uyilindele xa utyelela ugqirha womhlaza okokuqala?

Xa uqala ukubona "uGqirha womhlaza wotyando", uya kwenza izinto ezifana nezi:

• Baza kukuchazela ukuba iingxelo zovavanyo lwakho zithini .
• Ithetha "ngeSigaba soMhlaza" somhlaza wakho .
• Uza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iindlela zonyango onazo kunye nezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga . Umzekelo, angacebisa ukuba wenze olu tyando lukhankanyiweyo ``oluncinci olungena emzimbeni'', okanye angathi ``oluvulelekileyo'' lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kuwe.
• Bathetha ngamanyathelo alandelayo, njengokwenza isigqibo malunga nonyango kunye nokubeka umhla wokuqala unyango .

Akuphelelanga apho, ugqirha uza kukubuza ngokuqinisekileyo athi, "Unjani?" Bayazi indlela ubomi obutshintsha ngayo kwaye kunokuba nzima kangakanani xa ufunyaniswa ukuba unomhlaza. Bayaqonda nokuba kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika xa uxelelwa ngotyando. Baza kuzama ukukwazi kwaye bakuncede unciphise uloyiko lwakho kunye noxinzelelo. Musa ukuthandabuza ukuthetha nabo ngeemvakalelo zakho kunye noloyiko lwakho.

Yeyiphi imibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wotyando lomhlaza?

Ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba nemibuzo emininzi kunye namathandabuzo engqondweni yakho. Ukudibana nogqirha we-"Surgical Oncologist" okokuqala lelona xesha lilungileyo lokuva nokuqonda konke oku. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuyibuza:

• Luluphi olunye unyango endiya kuludinga ukongeza kolu tyando? (umz., i-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-radiation)
• OkuYintoni injongo ephambili yotyando? (Ukunyanga umhlaza ngokupheleleyo, ukuwumisa ukuba ungasasazeki, okanye ukunciphisa iimpawu?)
• Ingakanani izinga lempumelelo yolu tyando?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze utyando olungaphezu kolunye ?
• Ngaba kukho naluphi na unyango olungenalo utyando olufunekayo koku?
• Ndiza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani esibhedlele emva kotyando?
• Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukubuyela kubomi obuqhelekileyo emva kotyando?
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yolu tyando? Zinokuhlala ixesha elingakanani?

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ungoyiki ukubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo, nokuba incinci kangakanani na. Ugqirha ukhona ukukunceda. Xa uyazi yonke into ngokucacileyo, uya kuziva ukhululekile kakhulu.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-'Medical Oncologist' kunye ne-'Surgical Oncologist'?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Makhe sibone nje ukuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini.

• Ingcali yomhlaza wezonyango ngugqirha osebenzisa iindlela ezingezizo zotyando ukunyanga umhlaza. Umzekelo, banyanga umhlaza ngezinto ezifana ne-`(Chemotherapy)` (esiyibiza ngokuba yi-chemotherapy, iintlobo zamayeza anikwa ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza), `(Hormonal Therapies)` (eminye imidlaza ixhomekeke kwi-hormone, kwaye unyango lunikwa ukuyinyanga), kunye ne-`(Immunotherapy)` (oku kwenziwa ngokuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu ukuba alwe nomhlaza).
• Ugqirha womhlaza , njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, unyanga umhlaza ngotyando . Oko kuthetha ukususa ithumba lomhlaza okanye iindawo ezichaphazelekileyo ngotyando.

Ukuba unomhlaza, ngamanye amaxesha zombini iintlobo zonyango (zotyando kunye nezo zingasebenzisi utyando) zingasetyenziswa kunye. Umzekelo, unganikwa i-chemotherapy ngaphambi kotyando ukuze unciphise ithumba, okanye unganikwa i-chemotherapy emva kotyando ukuze ubulale naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo. Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya uhlobo lomhlaza kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ukuba utyando yeyona ndlela isebenzayo "yokufaka umhlaza kwindawo yokuxolelwa." Nangona kunjalo, kuqhelekile ukuba uzive uxhalabile kwaye uloyiko olukhulu xa usiva ukuba "utyando yeyona nto ilungileyo kuwe."

Ugqirha wakho we-oncologist unolwazi oluninzi ngale nto. Uza kuqonda iimvakalelo zakho. Uza kuthatha ixesha lokuphendula nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo malunga notyando. Oku kuza kukunika ukuqonda okucacileyo ngento eza kwenzeka ngaphambi nasemva kotyando.Olu lwazi luya kunceda ekunciphiseni kakhulu uloyiko lwakho.

Khumbula, awuwedwa kolu hambo. Uneqela loogqirha abanobuchule bokukunceda nokukhathalela. Ukuthetha nabo ngokukhululekileyo, ukubuza imibuzo yakho, nokwabelana ngeemvakalelo zakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukucinga ngendlela eyakhayo nokulandela iingcebiso ezinikwe ngoogqirha bakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza.

Ugqirha womhlaza , ingcali yomhlaza wotyando, utyando lomhlaza, isifo somhlaza, i-biopsy, amatyala omhlaza, utyando, unyango lomhlaza, ingcali yomhlaza