Abantu abaninzi bayoyika kancinci xa besiva igama elithi "cholesterol," akunjalo? Baninzi kuthi abaxhalabileyo, "Owu, i-cholesterol yam iphezulu." Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye i-cholesterol? Ingaba imbi ngokwenene emizimbeni yethu? Ukuthetha inyani, i-cholesterol luhlobo lwamafutha olubalulekileyo kwiiseli emizimbeni yethu. Nangona kunjalo, njengayo nayiphi na into, ukuba iphezulu kakhulu, inokubangela iingxaki.
Ngamafutshane, kukho iintlobo ze-cholesterol 'ezilungileyo' nezimbi. Xa amanqanaba e-cholesterol embi, okanye i-LDL (i-Low-Density Lipoprotein) , enyuka, aqala ukunamathela eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi yethu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kubangela ukuba amafutha aqokeleleke ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi aze ayinciphe. Ngokwezonyango sibiza oku ngokuba yi-Atherosclerosis . Xa imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni incipha ngolu hlobo, umngcipheko wokuba igazi lijijeke ngequbuliso liyithintele kwaye libangele ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo uphezulu kakhulu.
Enye into ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kunye ne-cholesterol yi -triglycerides . Olu luhlobo lwamafutha emizimbeni yethu. Amanqanaba aphezulu alo mafutha akwanyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu ngakumbi ukuba i-cholesterol yakho elungileyo, okanye i-HDL (i-High-Density Lipoprotein) , iphantsi. Kwakhona, amanqanaba aphezulu e-triglyceride anyusa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo seswekile.
Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-cholesterol (Lipid Panel)?
Uvavanyo lwegazi olulula lokufumanisa i-cholesterol kunye namanye amafutha (i-lipids) emzimbeni wakho lubizwa ngokuba yiLipid Panel okanye iLipid Profile .
Oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezili-9-12 ngaphambi kovavanyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukutya okutyayo kunokutshintsha iziphumo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuzila ukutya akusoloko kuyimfuneko. Ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-25 ubudala, okanye ukuba ugqirha wakho akafuni i-lipid panel epheleleyo, ukuzila ukutya kusenokungabi yimfuneko. Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane impendulo ngokuqinisekileyo.
Ingxelo eqhelekileyo yeLipid Panel iqulethe ulwazi malunga nezinto ezine eziphambili:
- I-Cholesterol iyonke
- I-LDL (i-Low-Density Lipoprotein) - Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi "cholesterol embi."
- I-HDL (i-High-Density Lipoprotein) - Oku sikubiza ngokuba "yi-cholesterol elungileyo."
- Iitriglycerides - Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwamafutha emzimbeni wethu.
Uyiqonda njani ixabiso elikwingxelo yakho?
Kulungile, ngoku ugqibile uvavanyo kwaye unengxelo esandleni. Ngoku athetha ukuthini la manani? Masibone.
| Uhlobo lovavanyo | Inqanaba elilindelekileyo ngokwesiqhelo (kwi-mg/dL) |
|---|---|
| I-Cholesterol iyonke | 200 okanye ngaphantsi - Kulungile (Eqhelekileyo) Phakathi kowama-201 - 240 - Umda Ukuba ingaphezulu kwama-240 - Phezulu |
| I-HDL ("i-cholesterol elungileyo") (Okukhona oku kuninzi, kokukhona kungcono) | Ukuba uneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu - ilungile kakhulu (ikhusela kwisifo sentliziyo) Ukuba phakathi kwama-40 - 59 - Okuqhelekileyo (Kulungile) Ngaphantsi kwama-40 - Iphantsi (umngcipheko ophezulu wesifo sentliziyo) |
| I-LDL ("i-cholesterol embi") (Oku kuphantsi koku, kokukhona kungcono) | Ukuba ingaphantsi kwe-100 - Ilungile kakhulu (Ifanelekile) Ukuba phakathi kwe-100 - 129 - Kulungile Ukuba phakathi kwe-130 - 159 - Umgangatho ophezulu we-Borderline Ukuba phakathi kwe-160 - 189 - Phezulu 190 nangaphezulu - Phezulu kakhulu |
| Iitriglycerides (Okukhona iphantsi kokukhona kungcono nakule) | Ngaphantsi kwe-150 - Inqanaba elingcono Ukuba uphakathi kwe-151 - 200 - usengozini yesifo sentliziyo Ngaphezulu kwama-200 - Umngcipheko ophezulu wesifo sentliziyo |
Kubalulekile: La maxabiso yimigaqo nje eqhelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba zeziphi iinqanaba ezisempilweni ezifanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, ezinye iimeko zempilo (ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu), kunye nembali yezonyango yosapho.
Singenza ntoni ukulawula amanqanaba e-cholesterol?
Ungakhathazeki ukuba iziphumo zakho ziphezulu kancinci. Le meko ingalawulwa ngcono ngokwenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo kunye nokuthatha amayeza njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Eli linyathelo lokuqala nelona libalulekileyo.
- Ukutya okulungileyo: Ukutya okunciphisa i-cholesterol kunokunciphisa i-cholesterol embi (LDL) ngama-30%.
- Nciphisa ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi (njengenyama enamafutha, ioyile yekhokhonathi, ioyile yesundu, ibhotolo, itshizi).
- Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo ii-trans fats. Jonga iilebhile zezinto ezibhakiweyo, i-margarine, kunye nokutya okupakishweyo ukuze ubone ukuba azinazo "ii-oyile ezifakwe i-hydrogenated kancinci." Ukuba kunjalo, ziqulethe ii-trans fats.
- Nokuba ilebhile ithi "i-cholesterol ephantsi" okanye "ayina-cholesterol," ezo zinto zokutya zisenokuba zineeswekile ezininzi okanye amafutha agcweleyo. Ngoko soloko ufunda iilebhile zokutya ngononophelo.
- Faka ukutya okutyebileyo kwifayibha (irayisi emdaka, i-oats, imifuno, iziqhamo) kunye nokutya okuqulethe ii-sterols zezityalo (ii-margarine ezithile) ekutyeni kwakho.
- Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzibandakanya kumthambo ofana nokuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 yonke imihla kunciphisa i-cholesterol embi (LDL) kwaye kwandisa i-cholesterol elungileyo (HDL).
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, ukuyeka ukutshaya kubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni amanqanaba e-cholesterol nakwimpilo yakho iyonke.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza achazwe ngugqirha
Ukuba utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila lodwa alulawuli amanqanaba akho, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza.
- IiStatins: Ezi zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye zisebenza kakhulu ekunciphiseni i-cholesterol. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-Atorvastatin (Lipitor), iRosuvastatin (Crestor), kunye neSimvastatin (Zocor).
- Amanye amayeza: Amanye amayeza afana neFibrates, Ezetimibe (Zetia), kunye ne-PCSK9 inhibitors nawo anokumiselwa ngugqirha kuxhomekeke kwimeko yesigulana.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungaze uqale, uyeke, okanye utshintshe umthamo walo naliphi na kula mayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Kwaye ungaze usebenzise amayeza anikwe umhlobo okanye isalamane sakho.
Ayizizo kuphela i-cholesterol, ezi zinto zibalulekile!
Ixabiso elikwingxelo yakho ye-cholesterol kuphela alichazi impilo yakho yexesha elizayo. Khumbula, zininzi ezinye izinto ezichaphazela umngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo, ezifana nesifo seswekile, ukutshaya, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukutyeba kakhulu, ukungazilolongi, kunye nefuthe lemfuza .
Abantu abanamanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-cholesterol nabo banokuba nesifo sentliziyo. Kwaye abantu abanamanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol banokuba neentliziyo eziphilileyo. Kodwa ngokubanzi, abantu abanamanqanaba angaqhelekanga e-cholesterol banamathuba amaninzi okufumana isifo sentliziyo.
Ngoko ke, iingcali zicebisa ukuba abantu abadala abangekho semngciphekweni bahlolwe i-cholesterol yabo ubuncinci rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-5 . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol aphezulu okanye unezinye izinto ezinokubangela isifo sentliziyo, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka uphinde uhlolwe kangaphi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-cholesterol ayisoloko imbi, ibalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukugcina ulungelelwano phakathi kwe-cholesterol elungileyo (HDL) nembi (LDL).
- Uvavanyo lwegazi olulula olubizwa ngokuba yiLipid Panel lunokumisela amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol kunye ne-triglyceride.
- Inyathelo lokuqala nelona lilungileyo lokulawula i-cholesterol kukwamkela ukutya okunempilo kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo.
- Ukuba utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila lodwa alwanelanga, ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye ungaze uwasebenzise wedwa amayeza.
- Ungazigcina usempilweni ngokujonga amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol rhoqo njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisile.
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