Wonke umntu uyoyika kancinci xa esiva igama elithi utyando lwesifuba, akunjalo? Olu loyiko lufanelekile kuba isifuba siqulethe amalungu abalulekileyo njengentliziyo nemiphunga. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kuphelela nje kutyando lwentliziyo. Kodwa "utyando lwesifuba" lumxholo obanzi kakhulu kunoko. Ngoko ke, ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha.
Yintoni utyando lwesifuba?
Ngamafutshane, naluphi na utyando olwenziwe ngaphakathi kwesifuba sakho (isifuba) luwela kolu didi. Ewe, intliziyo yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo esifubeni, kodwa olu tyando alupheleli nje entliziyweni. Khawucinge nje, utyando olwenziwe kwamanye amalungu amaninzi abalulekileyo esifubeni sakho luwela kolu didi.
Umzekelo:
- Umqala: Umbhobho othwala ukutya esikutyayo ukuya esiswini.
- I-Trachea: Umbhobho womoya ophambili esiphefumla ngawo.
- I-Diaphragm: Umsipha owahlula isifuba nesisu kwaye unceda ekuphefumleni.
- Udonga lwesifuba: Iimbambo, i-sternum (ithambo eliphakathi lesifuba), kunye nemisipha ejikeleze zona.
- I-Mediastinum: Isithuba esiphakathi kwemiphunga esiqulethe izinto ezifana nentliziyo, imithambo yegazi emikhulu, kunye ne-trachea.
Ziziphi iindlela zotyando?
Oogqirha banokwenza olu tyando ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Utyando Oluvulekileyo: Kule meko, utyando lwenziwa ngokusikwa okukhulu.
2. Utyando Olungenabungozi Kakhulu: Le yindlela eqhelekileyo yanamhlanje esetyenziswayo namhlanje. Apha, oogqirha benza imingxunya emininzi emincinci baze bafake ikhamera encinci esifubeni ngayo. Imifanekiso evela kwikhamera ijongwa kwisikrini, kwaye kufakwa izixhobo ezincinci ngezinye izigxunya ezincinci ukuze kwenziwe utyando.
- Xa kwenziwa esifubeni, oku kubizwa ngokuba yiVATS (Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery) .
- Xa le ndlela isenziwa esiswini, ibizwa ngokuba lutyando lwe-laparoscopic .
- Ngamanye amaxesha ezi khamera nezixhobo zisetyenziswa ngoncedo lwerobhothi. Kodwa khumbula, irobhothi ilawulwa ngokupheleleyo ngugqirha.
Zeziphi izifo ezinyangwa ngotyando lwesifuba?
Olu tyando lunyanga iimeko ezahlukeneyo ezenzeka esifubeni nakwisisu esingaphezulu. Makhe sijonge ukuba zithini.
| Imeko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi (ii-Aneurysms) | Imithambo yegazi emikhulu iba buthathaka ize idumbe njengebhaluni. |
| Isifo sentliziyo | Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso, iingxaki zesingqisho sentliziyo, iingxaki zevalvu yentliziyo, kunye notyando lwe-heart bypass (CABG) . |
| Ukufakelwa intliziyo okanye imiphunga | Ukufakelwa ilungu eliphilileyo endaweni yentliziyo okanye imiphunga engasebenzi kakuhle. |
| Umhlaza wemiphunga kunye neethumba | Ukususwa kweethumba ezinomhlaza okanye eziqhelekileyo emiphungeni (Lobectomy) . |
| Ubunzima bokuginya (i-Dysphagia) | Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya ngenxa yeengxaki kwi-esophagus. |
| Isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) | Intlungu yesifuba ebangelwa yi-asidi yesisu ephuma kwi-esophagus. |
| I-Hiatal Hernias | Inxalenye yesisu ingena esifubeni nge-diaphragm. |
Ngaba olu tyando lunzulu ngokwenene?
Ewe, uninzi lotyando lwesifuba lunzima kakhulu. Kuba intliziyo nemiphunga zezona zitho zibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Abanye abantu kufuneka benze utyando olunzima ukulungisa iingxaki ezininzi zentliziyo ngaxeshanye. Abanye kusenokufuneka benze utyando lwemiphunga, oluqhutywa ngokusikwa okuncinci.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Iqela lezonyango elikunyangayo lisoloko lizama ukukunika iziphumo ezilungileyo. Basebenza njengeqela kwaye bakunyamekela kakuhle.
Ulungiselela njani utyando?
Kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka uzilungiselele ngaphambi kotyando.
- Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (nokuba yileyo uyinikwe ngugqirha kunye naleyo uyithengayo ngaphandle kwemvume evela kwikhemesti).
- Ugqirha wakho angakucela ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza athile kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando lwakho. Musa ukuyeka ukusebenzisa amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Yeka ukutshaya ubuncinane inyanga ngaphambi kotyando, ingakumbi ukuba lutyando lwemiphunga. Ukuba awutshayi inyanga emva kotyando, unganciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ngexesha lokuphola kwenxeba ngesiqingatha.
- Yeka ukutya nokusela ngobusuku bangaphambi kotyando, okanye njengoko ugqirha eyalele.
- Yenza isicwangciso sokuchacha kwakho. Lungiselela ukuba umntu abuye ekhaya aze akuncede iintsuku ezimbalwa. Kukwangumbono omhle ukulungiselela ukutya okumbalwa kwangaphambili uze ukugcine efrijini.
Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, uza kubuyela engqondweni ngelixa ukwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluPhezulu (ICU) okanye kwiGumbi lokuPhila.
- Umbhobho wokuphefumla owawusetyenziselwa ukukunceda uphefumle uza kususwa.
- Kuza kubekwa imibhobho yesifuba ukuze kukhutshwe ulwelo esifubeni. Kuza kufakwa ne-catheter ukuze kukhutshwe umchamo.
- Xa imeko yakho iphucuka, uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhambahamba egumbini ngoncedo nokwenza umthambo wokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuya kunceda kakhulu ukuba imiphunga isebenze kakuhle kwakhona.
- Wakuba ufezekisile iinjongo ezilindelwe ngugqirha, ungagoduka. Oku kungathatha phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezili-10, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando.
Masifunde nangeengozi kunye nexesha lokuchacha.
Iingozi ezinokubakho
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho iingozi ezithile.
- Iintsholongwane, ingakumbi izifo zemiphunga ezifana ne-pneumonia.
- Ukuwa kwemiphunga.
- Amahlwili egazi.
- Uxinzelelo.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo.
- Ukudumba kwepulmonary.
Lixesha lokuphiliswa
Oku kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo. Ukuba unesilonda esincinci, unokukwazi ukuya ekhaya kwiintsuku ezi-3-4. Nangona kunjalo, kungathatha inyanga okanye ngaphezulu ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando,Awuyi kukwazi ukuqhuba imoto kangangenyanga. Ugqirha ukwacebisa ukuba ungaphakamisi izinto ezinzima kangangeeveki ezi-6.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu xa ufika ekhaya emva kotyando, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Ukopha okanye ubomvu obuphuma kumanxeba
- Ifiva
- Ukudumba, ukubomvu kwamanxeba
Utyando lwebele aluyonto ilula, kodwa ukwazi ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngalo kuya kukunceda kakhulu ekunciphiseni uloyiko lwakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwesifuba lubhekisa kutyando olwenziwa kungekuphela nje entliziyweni nasemiphungeni, kodwa nakwamanye amalungu esifubeni, njenge-esophagus kunye ne-trachea.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo ngaphambi kotyando, ingakumbi izinto ezifana nokuyeka ukutshaya.
- Ukuze uphile ngokukhawuleza emva kotyando, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka wenze izinto ezifana nokuhamba kunye nokuzilolonga ngokuphefumla njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
- Xa ubuyela ekhaya emva kotyando, qaphela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye nomkhuhlane. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na kwezi, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga notyando, ungathandabuzi ukuxoxa ngayo nogqirha wakho.
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