Khawuthelekelele ukuba inkqubo yemithambo yegazi yomzimba wethu ifana nothungelwano lweendlela kwisixeko esixakekileyo. Igazi lihamba kwezi ndlela rhoqo ukuze londle onke amalungu ethu omzimba, njengentliziyo, ingqondo, kunye nemiphunga. Ngoko ke, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba le ndlela iphambili, oko kukuthi, umthambo wegazi, ngequbuliso ivalwe lihlwili legazi elikhulu? Njengengozi enkulu endleleni kunye nokuxinana kweemoto, ukunikezelwa kwegazi kumalungu ethu kunokuyeka, okukhokelela kwimeko eyingozi kakhulu njengokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi. Namhlanje, sithetha ngonyango olubaluleke kakhulu olusetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukunyibilikisa ihlwili legazi elisongela ubomi kunye nokubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iThrombolytic Therapy?
Oku kuthetha 'unyango lokunyibilikisa amahlwili egazi' ngesiSinhala. Ngamafutshane, oku kuquka ukunika amayeza anamandla kakhulu (i-thrombolytics) emzimbeni ukuze kunyibilike amahlwili egazi ayingozi anamathele kwimithambo yegazi. Nje ukuba ihlwili linyibilike, umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo uvula kwakhona kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwilungu elichaphazelekayo kuyabuyiselwa. Olu lunyango olusindisa ubomi olusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo . Okukhona olu nyango luqaliswa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona luza kuphumelela.
Ngubani ofuna olu nyango kwaye phantsi kwaziphi iimeko?
Oogqirha badla ngokulujonga olu nyango kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo nezinzima ezifana nezi zilandelayo.
- I-Myocardial Infarction: Xa ihlwili legazi livala umthambo wentliziyo ohambisa igazi entliziyweni, ingakumbi xa kungekho ndawo yokubeka i-stent okanye utyando olufumanekayo.
- I-Ischemic Stroke: I-stroke ebangelwa kukuqhekeka kwegazi okuvalela umthambo ohambisa igazi engqondweni.
- I-Pulmonary Embolism: Xa ihlwili legazi elenzeka kwenye indawo emzimbeni (ngesiqhelo emilenzeni) liqhekeka lize lihlale emthanjeni osemaphashini.
- I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Amahlwili egazi amakhulu, ingakumbi kwimithambo enzulu yemilenze, abangela iingxaki ezinje ngokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwemilenze, iintlungu eziqatha, kwaye awaphenduli kumayeza aqhelekileyo okunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants).
- Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi okukhawulezileyo: Ihlwili legazi livala umthambo omkhulu engalweni okanye emlenzeni .
Ngaba bakho abantu abangafanele bafumane olu nyango?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ekubeni ingozi enkulu yolu nyango kukuphuma kwegazi, alunikwa abanye abaguli. Kuba kubo, umonakalo oluwufumanayo unyango unokuba ngaphezulu kwenzuzo.
| Iimeko eziphambili apho unyango lwe-Thrombolytic lunganikwa khona | |
|---|---|
| Imeko | Inkcazo |
| Ukopha okusebenzayo | Ukuba sele uphuma igazi emzimbeni (umz. emathunjini). |
| Ukopha kwegazi ebuchosheni kutshanje | Ukuba kutshanje ukhe wadubula umthambo wegazi ebuchotsheni (i-hemorrhagic stroke). |
| Utyando lwakutshanje | Ingakumbi ukuba akukabi kudala ukususela kutyando lobuchopho okanye lomqolo. |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulekiyo | Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungenakulawulwa nokuba ngamayeza. |
| Isifo sezintso esibi kakhulu | Ukusebenza kwezintso kubuthathaka kakhulu. |
| Ukwenzakala entloko kutshanje | Ukuba akukabi kudala kwenzeke ingozi enkulu entloko. |
Ukongeza, oogqirha bacinga kabini ngale nto kuba oomama abakhulelweyo kunye nabantu abadala basengozini enkulu yeengxaki.
Yenziwa njani le nyango?
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zonyango, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho kunye nokungxamiseka.
1. I-Systemic Thrombolysis
Le yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo (ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo sohlangothi).
- Oku kuquka ukunika amayeza okunyibilikisa amahlwili egazi ngqo egazini nge- IV cannula efakwe emthanjeni engalweni.
- Eli yeza lihamba negazi, liye kwindawo apho igazi liqhekeke khona, lize liqalise ukulinyibilikisa.
- Le nkqubo idla ngokwenziwa kwiyunithi yokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) . Yonke le nkqubo ingathatha malunga neyure.
2. I-Thrombolysis elawulwa yiCatheter
Le ndlela idla ngokusetyenziswa kunyango olucwangcisiweyo kwangaphambili olufana ne-DVT okanye i-PAD.
- Kule nkqubo, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci ngesikhumba semiphunga, intamo, okanye ingalo, kwaye kufakwa umbhobho omncinci kakhulu, omde obizwa ngokuba yi-catheter ngawo ecaleni komthambo wegazi.
- Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-X-ray, incam yale catheter ijoliswe ngqo kwindawo apho igazi liqhekeka khona.
- Emva koko, iyeza lifakwa ngqo kwihlwili legazi nge-catheter. Ngamanye amaxesha, isixhobo esikhethekileyo esisekupheleni kwe-catheter singasetyenziswa ukuqhekeza ihlwili legazi (i-mechanical thrombectomy).
- Le ndlela ingathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-48 (iintsuku ezi-2) ukuba ihlwili legazi linyibilike ngokupheleleyo. Ngeli xesha, uza kugcinwa esibhedlele kwaye ujongwe liqela lezonyango.
Zithini iingozi kunye neengxaki zonyango?
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingozi ezithile.
Umngcipheko ophambili nowona mkhulu wolu nyango kukopha ngaphakathi , ingakumbi ukuba kwenzeka engqondweni, nto leyo enokubangela isifo sohlangothi.
Ukongeza kule ngozi iphambili, kukwakho nethuba elincinci lokuba ezi zinto zilandelayo zenzeke:
- Iimpendulo ze-allergy kwiyeza.
- Ukopha okanye ukukrweleka apho kufakwe khona i-cannula okanye i-catheter.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi).
- Iqhekeza elincinci lehlwili legazi elinyibilikayo liyaqhekeka lize linamathele komnye umthambo wegazi.
- Ukonakala kwezintso (ingakumbi kubantu abanesifo seswekile).
- Igazi elincinci eliphuma empumlweni, kwindle, okanye ngomchamo.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ezi ngozi kuwe okanye kubantu abakhathalelayo ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale.
Emva konyango kunye nokuchacha
Emva konyango, ugqirha uza kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi, ezifana ne-angiogram kunye ne-CT scan, ukuze abone ukuba ihlwili legazi linyibilike ngokupheleleyo na.
Kuya kufuneka uhlale kwigumbi labagula kakhulu (ICU) ubuncinane usuku olunye, uze emva koko uhlale olunye usuku ukuya kwezintathu phantsi kweliso elibukhali kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo.
Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okunciphisa igazi ukuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi kwakhona . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela le miyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.
Iimpawu ezilumkisayo zokuba ufanele ubonane nogqirha emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo,Yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Intlungu yesifuba ekhawulezileyo okanye eyandayo. |
| Ukopha okungapheliyo | Ukopha okuqhubekayo okanye ulwelo oluphuma kwindawo ye-cannula/catheter. |
| Ifiva | Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu okanye isicaphucaphu | Intloko ebuhlungu, ukuhlanza, okanye isicaphucaphu ziyanda kancinci kancinci. |
| Ukungabi nangqondo kwamalungu | Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukurhawuzelela ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni. |
| Ukudumba/ukuba bomvu kwenxeba | Intlungu, ukudumba (ukudumba), ukuba bomvu, okanye ukufudumala kwindawo yokutofa. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lwe-Thrombolytic lunyango olubaluleke kakhulu, olusindisa ubomi olunyibilikisa amahlwili egazi kwimithambo yegazi kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha.
- Okukhona olu nyango luqalwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo ziya kuba nempumelelo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele kwangoko emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile.
- Ingozi ephambili yolu nyango kukuphuma kwegazi emzimbeni.Oku kunjalo. Ngenxa yoko, olu nyango alufanelekanga kuye wonke umntu.
- Emva konyango, kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza achazwe ngugqirha ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha elifanelekileyo ukuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi kwakhona.
- Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezilumkisayo emva kokubuyela ekhaya, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
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