Masifunde ngeCardiac Catheterization ngendlela elula!

Ngaba wakha waya kugqirha ngenxa yentlungu esifubeni okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla baze bakuxelele ukuba kufuneka wenze i-'Cardiac Catheterization'? Usenokuba woyika kancinci xa usiva eli gama. Kuqhelekile ukuba woyike xa usiva igama elithi 'ukufaka into entliziyweni yakho'. Kodwa eneneni ayisiyonto inkulu njengoko sicinga, kwaye ayiyonto yokoyika. Masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula namhlanje, kwaye sifumane iimpendulo kuyo yonke imibuzo onayo engqondweni yakho.

Yintoni iCatheterization yeCardiac?

Ngamafutshane, olu asilotyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo. Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokujonga indlela intliziyo yakho esebenza ngayo. Kufana nokujonga ngaphakathi entliziyweni yakho.

Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu encinci kakhulu, eguquguqukayo (i-catheter) ngomthambo osengalweni okanye emqolo wakho nasentliziyweni yakho. Le tyhubhu ivumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngokucacileyo imeko yemithambo yegazi yentliziyo, imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni, kunye namagumbi entliziyo.

Ngaba kukho naluphi na uhlobo lovavanyo?

Ewe, zimbini iintlobo eziphambili. Kuxhomekeke kumthambo wegazi apho i-catheter ifakwe khona kunye nenxalenye yentliziyo ehlolwayo.

Kutheni ugqirha angacebisa olu vavanyo?

Kusenokuba nezizathu ezininzi zokuba ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu vavanyo.

• Fumana unobangela ochanekileyo wentlungu yakho yesifuba rhoqo okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga .
• Jonga ukuba imithambo yegazi yentliziyo ayivalwanga okanye kukho iingxaki ngeevalvu zentliziyo .
• Thatha iqhekeza elincinci lomsipha wentliziyo ukuze uvavanywe (i-biopsy) .
• Jonga iimeko ezenza izihlunu zentliziyo zibe buthathaka (cardiomyopathy) .
• Jonga uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwimithambo yegazi edibene nemiphunga (i-pulmonary hypertension) .
• Fumana ulwazi olungenakufumaneka kwezinye iimvavanyo (ezifana ne-ECG, i-Echo).
• Olu vavanyo lubalulekile ukuze kuchongwe eyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango. Umzekelo, nokuba kukwenziwa i-angioplasty , ukufakwa kwe-stent , okanye i-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) ukunyanga umthambo ovalekileyo.

Isebenza njani le nto? Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi?

Xa i-catheter ikufutshane nentliziyo, kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo (izinto ezichaseneyo) kwimithambo yegazi ngayo. Ngenxa yokuba olu lwelo lubonakala ngokucacileyo kwi-X-ray, ugqirha unokubukela ukuhamba kwegazi ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo bukhoma kwiividiyo ze-X-ray ezithathwe ngaxeshanye (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-coronary angiogram ).

Ukusuka kwezi mifanekiso ze-X-ray, ugqirha anga:

• Fumana ngqo apho umthambo wegazi uvalekile okanye uncitshiswe khona .
• Hlola ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwamagumbi entliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi.
• Jonga ukuba akukho mingxunya ingaqhelekanga okanye ukuvuza kwegazi naphi na entliziyweni.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha angenza olunye unyango ngelixa esenza olu vavanyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba ingxaki ifunyenwe, kunokwenzeka ukubonelela ngesisombululo ngoko nangoko.

• I-Angioplasty: Ukuvula kwakhona umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo ngokuwufutha ngento efana nebhaluni.
• Ukubekwa kwe-stent: Ukufaka isixhobo esincinci esifana ne-mesh kumthambo wegazi ovulekileyo ukuze ungavaleki kwakhona.
• I-Valvuloplasty: Ukuvula ivalvu yentliziyo enciphileyo.

Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani oku?

Uvavanyo ngokwalo luthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30 kuphela. Kodwa kukwathatha ixesha ukukulungiselela uvavanyo kunye nokujongwa emva kovavanyo. Ngoko ke, kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iiyure ezi-5-9 nangaphezulu . Ngoko ke, lindela ukuba sesibhedlele imini yonke ngomhla owenza ngawo olu vavanyo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ngaphambi, ngexesha nasemva kovavanyo?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uyazi ngale nkqubo kwangaphambili.

Ngaphambi kovavanyo

• Uyacetyiswa ukuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli iiyure ezi-6-8 ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uyeke okwethutyana okanye utshintshe umthamo wamanye amayeza owasebenzisayo (ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi).
• Xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke izinto ezibangela ukuba ungabi namdla kwizinto ezithile kunye nazo zonke iziyobisi ozisebenzisayo.
• Xa usiya esibhedlele, uza kunikwa impahla ekhethekileyo yokunxiba.
• I-cannula (umgca we-IV) ifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni ukuze kunikwe amayeza kunye nolwelo.
• Ukuze kujongwe izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho, ii-electrode, ezifana nezitikha, zifakwa esifubeni sakho. Ezi ziqhagamshelwe kumatshini we-EKG .
• Baza kukunika isithomalalisi esithambileyo ukuze uphumle. Kodwa uphilile engqondweni kwaye uyayiva into ethethwa ngugqirha.

Ngexesha lovavanyo

• Indawo apho i-catheter iza kufakwa khona (ingalo okanye i-groin) ivalwe ngenaliti encinci.
• Emva koko i-catheter idluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi iye entliziyweni. Ungaziva uxinzelelo oluncinci ngeli xesha, kodwa akuyi kubakho ntlungu .
• Xa ulwelo lomahluko lufakwa ngaphakathi entliziyweni, ungaziva ubushushu obuncinci . Oku kuya kuphela kwimizuzwana embalwa.
• Uza kucelwa ukuba ubambe umphefumlo wakho okwethutyana ngelixa uthatha i-X-ray.
• Xa uvavanyo lugqityiwe, i-catheter iyasuswa.

Emva kovavanyo

• I-catheter ifakwa kwaye indawo ibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo ukuze kumiswe ukopha.
• Ukuba yenziwe ngesandla: Kufuneka ugcine ingalo yakho ithe tye kangangeyure. Ungahamba.
• Ukuba kwenziwe emqolo: Kuya kufuneka ulale ebhedini umlenze wakho uthe tye kangangeeyure eziliqela (malunga neeyure ezi-2-6) ukuthintela ukopha.
• Kufuneka usele amanzi amaninzi ukuze uncede ulwelo oluchaseneyo luphume emzimbeni wakho ngokukhawuleza.
• Ngokwesiqhelo ungaya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ungacelwa ukuba ulale esibhedlele ubusuku bonke.
• Awunakuqhuba imoto xa usiya ekhaya , udinga umntu oza kukusa ekhaya.
• Ufanele ukuphephe ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima kunye nomsebenzi onzima kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ungayihlamba, kodwa akulunganga ukumanzisa inxeba emanzini (umz., ukuhlamba, ukudada) kangangeveki.

Zithini iingozi zoku?

Njengakwezinye iinkqubo zonyango, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekayo, kodwa khumbula, iingxaki ezinkulu azixhaphakanga .

• Ukusabela kwe-allergy kwi-contrast fluid okanye kwamanye amayeza.
• Ukopha, ukukrweleka, okanye usulelo kwindawo yokufaka i-catheter.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
• Kukho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokuqhekeka kwegazi, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, okanye isifo sohlangothi.
• Ukonakala kwezintso (ingakumbi kubantu abanesifo sezintso esele sikhona).

Xa kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokubuyela ekhaya, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .

• Ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane .
• Ukuba uziva unesizungu okanye utyhafile.
• Ukuba indawo apho i-catheter ifakwe khona iyadumba, ibuhlungu, okanye ukuba igazi okanye olunye ulwelo luphuma apho .
• Ukuba uqalisa ukuba neentlungu ezintsha esifubeni okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla .
• Ukuba ufumana ibala elimdaka, ukungaziva, okanye ukubanda engalweni okanye emlenzeni (kwicala apho kufakwe khona i-catheter).

Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi, musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.