Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zeziphi izinto ezisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukusindisa ubomi bethu xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo efana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi? Ngamanye amaxesha ubomi bethu buxhomekeke kunyango olunikwayo kwimizuzu embalwa. Ngamaxesha anjalo, kukho udidi lwamayeza asindisa ubomi asebenza njengomlingo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngaloo mayeza abizwa ngokuba yiThrombolytics.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi Thrombolytics?
Khawucinge nje ukuba imithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu ifana nothungelwano lweendlela. Kukule ndlela apho igazi lihamba khona, lithwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo eziya entliziyweni yethu, engqondweni, emaphaphu, kwaye ngamafutshane, emzimbeni wethu wonke. Khawucinge nje, kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ilitye elikhulu liqengqeleka ngequbuliso kule ndlela lize livale indlela? Izithuthi aziyi kukwazi ukuhamba, kwaye iimoto ziya kuma ngokupheleleyo.
Kwenzeka into efanayo xa ihlwili legazi lenzeka ngaphakathi komnye wemithambo yethu yegazi lize livaleke. Ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwilungu elinikezelwa yilo mthambo (umz., intliziyo, ubuchopho) kuyayeka, kwaye elo lungu liqala ukonakala. I-Thrombolytics "zii-Clot-Busting Drugs" ezinyibilikisa ihlwili legazi elivala indlela, ziliqhekeze, kwaye zilisuse, zibuyisele ukuhamba kwegazi.
La mayeza eneneni zii-enzymes. Umsebenzi wawo ophambili kukuqhekeza inethiwekhi yeproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-fibrin ebamba ihlwili legazi. Kufana nokuqhekeza iwebhu yesigcawu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunika la mayeza ngokukhawuleza. Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu apha, kuba umzuzwana ngamnye xa igazi liyeka ukuhamba, amalungu ethu omzimba ayonakala.
Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuba ungeniswe kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, okanye i-pulmonary embolism, oogqirha banokugqiba ekubeni bakunike eli yeza kungekapheli nesiqingatha seyure. Ngamanye amaxesha, olu nyango lunokuqaliswa nakwi-ambulensi ngelixa usiwa esibhedlele.
Zithini ezi ziyobisi kwaye zisetyenziselwa ziphi izifo?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza e-thrombolytic. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha elona yeza lifanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, izibonelelo zesibhedlele, kunye nezinye izinto. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona ntlobo ziphambili.
| Igama lesiyobisi | Ubuchule kunye nokusetyenziswa |
|---|---|
| I-Alteplase (t-PA) | Iyeza elinomngcipheko omncinci we-allergy, elisetyenziswa rhoqo kwi-stroke, i-pulmonary embolism, kunye nesifo sentliziyo. |
| I-Streptokinase | Uhlobo olusetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela kwaye lubiza kancinci kunezinye. Nangona kunjalo, lunokubangela ii-allergy kwabanye abantu. |
| I-Tenecteplase | Isetyenziswa kakhulu kuba isebenza kakhulu kwaye ayinabungozi kangako bokopha. |
| Phinda ubhale kwakhona | Inamandla okusebenza ngokukhawuleza kunezinye ii-thrombolytics. |
| I-Urokinase | Idla ngokusetyenziselwa amahlwili egazi aqala kwimithambo yemilenze (amahlwili emithambo yegazi ejikeleze imithambo yegazi) kunye nee-catheters. |
Kuphantsi kweziphi iimeko apho eli yeza lifunekayo?
Oogqirha basebenzisa la mayeza kuphela xa ihlwili legazi libangela imeko embi nesongela ubomi. Ezi meko ziquka:
- Uhlaselo lwentliziyo: Ihlwili legazi livala umthambo ohambisa igazi entliziyweni.
- Istroke: Ihlwili legazi livala umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi engqondweni.
- I-Pulmonary embolism: Ihlwili legazi elenzeka kwenye indawo emzimbeni (ngokuqhelekileyo emlenzeni) liyaqhekeka lize lihlale emthanjeni osemaphashini.
- I-Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): Ukuqhekeka kwegazi kwimithambo enzulu, ingakumbi emilenzeni.
- Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ejikeleze umqolo ngokukhawuleza: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo emikhulu ehambisa igazi emlenzeni.
- Ukuvaleka kwe-catheter yemithambo ephakathi.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-thrombolytics kunye ne-anticoagulants?
Kulapho abantu abaninzi badideka khona. Iindlela zokusebenza kwezi ntlobo zimbini zamayeza zahlukile ngokupheleleyo.
Cinga nje ngale ndlela:
I-Thrombolytics ngamayeza aqhekeza aze anyibilikise ihlwili elikhulu legazi esele lenziwe kwaye livala umthambo wegazi.Njenge "qela elijongene nokuhlaselwa kwezonyango ngokukhawuleza." Ezi zisetyenziswa kuphela kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, ngaphakathi esibhedlele. Awunakuthenga la mayeza kwikhemesti.
Ii-anticoagulants (izinto ezinciphisa igazi) , ezifana ne-warfarin, zifana "nomlindi womzimba" othintela ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi amatsha okanye onciphisa inkqubo yamahlwili egazi. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uqhubeke nokusebenzisa la mayeza. Ukuba la mayeza asebenza kakuhle, anokukunceda uthintele ukuba ube nemeko engxamisekileyo efuna i-thrombolytics.
Ngaba kukho iingenelo kunye neengozi?
Ewe, ewe. Njengalo naliphi na iyeza elinamandla, amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu anenzuzo enkulu kodwa akwanazo neengozi ekufuneka siziqaphele.
Iingenelo eziphambili
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yezi kukuba zikhawuleza . La mayeza anokuvula kwakhona ngokukhawuleza umthambo wegazi ovalekileyo aze abuyisele ukuhamba kwegazi. Oku kunokunciphisa umonakalo osisigxina kwingqondo okanye entliziyweni ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini. Uphando lufumanise ukuba izigulana ezifumana unyango lwe-thrombolytic kwiiyure zokuqala emva kwestroke zinamathuba amaninzi okuchacha ngokupheleleyo kunabo bangafumani unyango.
Iingozi eziphambili
Isiphumo esibi nesisoyikekayo sala mayeza kukuphuma kwegazi okungalawulekiyo .
Le ngozi ivela kuba iyeza elinokunyibilikisa ihlwili legazi linokuchaphazela inkqubo eqhelekileyo yokuqina kwegazi emzimbeni.
- Abanye abantu banokufumana ukopha okuncinci kwiindawo ezifana neentsini nempumlo.
- Kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa ngokunzulu, ukopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ingakumbi ngaphakathi kwengqondo (Intracranial Hemorrhage) , kunokwenzeka. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu.
Ngubani onokuba sengozini enkulu yokopha?
- Kwabantu abadala
- Kwabo banembali yeengxaki zokopha
- Kwabo basandula utyando okanye ingozi enkulu
- Kwabo sele bethatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (Anticoagulants)
- Kwabo banoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulekiyo
Ngenxa yale ngozi, oogqirha baya kukujonga ngokusondeleyo ngexesha lonyango nasemva kwalo. Baza kujonga uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi rhoqo. Kwakhona, ngamanye amaxesha iqhekeza elincinci legazi elinyibilikisiweyo linokwaphuka lize linamathele komnye umthambo omncinci. Ngoko ke emva konyango, baya kwenza into efana ne-CT scan ukuze babone ukuba kukho na amahlwili egazi aseleyo.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe uneempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi, fowunela u-1990 ngoko nangoko uze ufumane i-ambulensi.
Ungaze uzame ukuziqhubela imoto ukuya esibhedlele. Eyona nzuzo inkulu yokuhamba nge-ambulensi kukuba ungaqala unyango xa usiya esibhedlele. Baza kukusa ngqo kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) apho unyango olufanelekileyo lunokunikwa khona. Umzuzwana ngamnye ubalulekile ukusindisa ubomi bakho.
Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba wena nosapho lwakho nizazi iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo (iintlungu eziqatha esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu eziphuma engalweni yasekhohlo) kunye nestroke (ubunzima bokuthetha, ukugoba kwelinye icala lobuso, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwengalo).
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Thrombolytics luhlobo lwamayeza anamandla kakhulu, asindisa ubomi asetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa amahlwili egazi kwimithambo yegazi kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha.
- Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yolu nyango. Kubalulekile ukufika kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele kwangoko nje xa iimpawu zibonakala.
- Isiphumo esiphambili nesinzima sala mayeza kukuphuma kwegazi, ngoko ke oogqirha bajonga isigulana ngokusondeleyo ngelixa besenza olu nyango.
- I-Thrombolytics ayizizo ii-anticoagulants. Zisebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukwazi iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi kunokukunceda wena nosapho lwakho nithathe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo nize nisindise ubomi.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment