Ingaba unengxaki ngemithambo yakho yegazi? Masithethe ngeSifo seMithambo!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ngokubaluleka kwale nkqubo yemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu wonke? Ifana neendlela, le mithambo yegazi ithwala igazi kuwo onke amalungu omzimba wethu. Ngoko ke ukuba kukho ingxaki kule nkqubo yemithambo yegazi, oko kukuthi, kwiindlela igazi elihamba ngazo, sibiza nje ngokuba yi "Vascular Disease" . Esi asisosifo sinye, kodwa iintlobo ezininzi zezifo zeso sifo.

Yintoni iNkqubo yoKujikeleza kwegazi? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Khawucinge nje, ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu kukho inkqubo efana nenethiwekhi enkulu yeendlela. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi . Izinto eziphambili zale nkqubo yimithambo yegazi. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zale mithambo yegazi:

1. Imithambo: Le yimithambo emikhulu ethwala igazi elicocekileyo, elineoksijini esuka entliziyweni ukuya kuzo zonke ezinye izitho kunye nezicubu. Njengemibhobho emikhulu ethwala amanzi esuka kwitanki yamanzi ukuya ezindlwini.

2. Imithambo: Le yimithambo ethwala igazi elisetyenzisiweyo, elingenaoksijini libuyele entliziyweni lisuka emzimbeni wonke. Ifana nemibhobho eqokelela amanzi asetyenzisiweyo.

3. IiCapillaries: Le yimithambo yegazi emincinci emzimbeni wethu, enobukhulu obufana noboya . Le mithambo mncinci ithwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezivela kwimithambo yegazi ukuya kwiiseli zomzimba wethu, kwaye iqokelela inkunkuma evela kwiiseli ize iyise kwimithambo yegazi. Zifana neendlela ezincinci ezidibanisa iindlela ezinkulu eziya kwizindlu ezincinci.

Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ingxaki nakweyiphi na kwezi zitho zintathu - imithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi, kunye nee-capillaries - okanye ngegazi ngokwalo, elichaphazela ukujikeleza kwegazi, isenokuba sisifo senkqubo yemithambo yegazi, oko kukuthi, "isifo semithambo yegazi".

Ziziphi iintlobo zezifo zemithambo yegazi?

Eli gama elithi `(Isifo seMithambo)` linokuvela ngeendlela ezininzi. Ezinye zichaphazela imithambo yegazi kuphela, ezinye zichaphazela imithambo yegazi kuphela. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zifo zinokwenzeka kuphela kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa zeentlobo eziphambili.

1. Isifo seMitha ePheleleyo (i-PAD)

Okwenzekayo koku kukuba, njengemithambo yentliziyo, eminye imithambo engaphandle kwentliziyo (ingakumbi imithambo ethwala igazi ukuya emilenzeni) ivaleka ngamafutha kunye ne-cholesterol (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Atherosclerosis". Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kuvinjelwa kuyanda kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi kuyehla. Emva koko, ngenxa yokuba igazi lingahambi kakuhle, umonakalo kwizicubu unokubakho "Ischemia".

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-"Peripheral Artery Disease":

• Isifo seMithambo yoMthambo oPheleleyo: Kulapho ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya emilenzeni kuncipha khona. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kuyekile ngokupheleleyo, izicwili ezikuloo ndawo zinokufa (iGangrene) kwaye umlenze usenokude unqunyulwe. Cinga ngayo njengemithi efayo xa umbhobho wamanzi wasegadini uvalekile luthuli kwaye amanzi ayeka ukuhamba.
• I-Intestinal Ischemic Syndrome: Imeko ebangelwa kukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa amathumbu.
• Isifo seMithambo yezintso: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi izise ezintsoni. Oku kunokukhokelela kuxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
• I-Popliteal Entrapment Syndrome: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga, ingakumbi kubadlali abancinci, apho umthambo we-popliteal, okwidolo, unokucinezelwa yimisipha kunye nemisipha kuloo ndawo, nto leyo ebangela ukuvaleka kokuhamba kwegazi.
• Ingxaki kaRaynaud: Xa ibekwe emakhazeni okanye phantsi koxinzelelo, imithambo emincinci yeminwe kunye neenzwane iyaqina ngequbuliso. Iminwe inokuba mhlophe, ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ize ibe bomvu.
• Isifo sikaBuerger: Oku kuchaphazela kakhulu imithambo yegazi emincinci nephakathi, imithambo yegazi, kunye nemithambo-luvo ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Isizathu esichanekileyo asikaziwa, kodwa sinxulunyaniswe nokusetyenziswa kwecuba (ukutshaya, ukuhlafuna icuba) . Kukho iimeko apho ukuhanjiswa kwegazi ezandleni nasezinyaweni kuncipha, okubangela "i-Ischemia", ukufa kwezicubu kwiminwe nakwiinzwane, kunye "ne-Gangrene"

2. Iingxaki zeCarotid Artery

Kukho imithambo emibini ephambili kumacala omabini entamo yethu ethwala igazi liye engqondweni. Le ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Carotid Arteries". Ukuba kukho iingxaki ngayo, inokuba yingozi kakhulu.

• Isifo seCarotid Artery: Oku kukuvaleka okanye ukuncitshiswa komthambo ohambisa igazi engqondweni. Oku kunokubangela uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo (TIA) okanye istroke .
• Ukuqhaqha kweCarotid Artery: Ukukrazuka eludongeni lwemithambo, okubangela ukuba igazi liphume.
• Ii-Tumors zomzimba zeCarotid: Ii-tumors ezenzeka kwizicubu zemithambo-luvo ezijikeleze umthambo we-carotid.
• I-Carotid Artery Aneurysm: Ubuthathaka bodonga lwe-artery oluvuthuluka njengebhaluni. Oku kungaqhuma.

3. Isifo semithambo yegazi

Imithambo yegazi eguquguqukayo enezivalo ngaphakathi ezivumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela. Xa sifinyeza izihlunu zethu, ezi valo ziyavuleka kwaye igazi lihamba liye phezulu. Xa siphumza izihlunu zethu, iivalo ziyavala kwaye igazi liyayeka ukubuyela ezantsi.

Kodwa ukuba ezi valve zonakele, azivaleki kakuhle . Emva koko igazi liqala ukuhamba macala omabini. Xa izihlunu ziphumla, iivalvu kwimithambo eyonakeleyo azikwazi ukubamba igazi. Oku kubangela ukuba imithambo izaliswe ligazi, idumbe, kwaye ibonakale ngathi ibotshelelwe. Iimpawu ezinje ngobunzima emilenzeni, iintlungu, ukudumba, ukurhawuzelela, kunye nokurhawuzelela zinokwenzeka. Amahlwili egazi nawo anokubakho.

• Imithambo yeVaricose: Imithambo evuvukileyo, emfusa, nejijekileyo ebonakala phantsi kolusu. Oku kubangelwa kukonakala kweevalvu kwimithambo. Usenokuba ukhe wayibona le ngxaki kubantu abaninzi.
• Imithambo Yesigcawu: Imisonto emincinci ebomvu okanye emfusa ebonakala emadolweni, emaqatheni nasemathangeni. Le misonto ibangelwa kukudumba kwemithambo yegazi.
• Isifo seKlippel-Trenaunay (KTS): Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga semithambo yegazi esizalwa naso.
• I-May-Thurner syndrome (MTS): Umthambo we-right iliac ucinezela umthambo we-left iliac, nto leyo enyusa umngcipheko we-deep vein thrombosis (DVT) kumlenze wasekhohlo.
• Isifo seThoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS): Iqela leempawu ezibangelwa kukucinezelwa, ukwenzakala, okanye ukucaphuka kwemithambo-luvo kunye/okanye imithambo yegazi (imithambo-luvo kunye nemithambo-luvo) entanyeni esezantsi, emakhwapheni, nakwisifuba esingaphezulu.
• Ukungakwazi Kwemithambo Engapheliyo (CVI): Imeko apho iindonga kunye/okanye iivalvu zemithambo emilenzeni zingasebenzi kakuhle, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuba igazi libuyele entliziyweni.

4. Amahlwili egazi

Amahlwili egazi ayenzeka xa into ethile egazini lethu ibangela ukuba igazi lethu libe likhulu kwaye lifane nejeli. Ukuba ihlwili legazi (i-thrombus) lenzeka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, linokwaphuka lize lihambe negazi, nto leyo ebangela i-deep vein thrombosis (DVT), i-pulmonary embolism (i-Pulmonary Embolism), ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, okanye i-stroke .

Ukuba igazi liqhekeka kwimithambo yegazi, oko kwandisa umngcipheko westroke, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, iintlungu eziqatha emilenzeni, ubunzima bokuhamba, mhlawumbi nokulahlekelwa lilungu lomzimba.

• Iimeko zokuqhekeka kwegazi / Iingxaki zokuvaleka kwegazi: Igazi labanye abantu livaleka ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo. Oku kunokuba yimfuza (okuzuzwe njengelifa) okanye kunokuvela kamva ebomini. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuvaleka kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo. Oku kunokubangelwa kubuninzi bezinto egazini ezinceda ukuvaleka kwegazi, ezifana `(Fibrinogen)`, `(Factor 8)`, `(Prothrombin)`, okanye ukwehla kweeproteni zendalo ezithintela ukuvaleka kwegazi, ezifana `(Antithrombin)`, `(Protein C)`, `(Protein S)`.
• I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Ihlwili legazi lenzeka kumthambo onzulu ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
• I-Pulmonary Embolism: Ihlwili legazi elenzeka emthanjeni liyaqhekeka lize lihlale emthanjeni emiphungeni. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu .
• I-Axillo-subclavian vein thrombosis (Paget-Schroetter Syndrome): Ingxaki yemithambo yegazi eqhelekileyo kubadlali abancinci nabakhuphisanayo. Umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi uyanda xa i-clavicle, ubambo lokuqala, okanye izihlunu ezingqongileyo zicinezela i-axilla okanye i-subclavian vein.
• I-Thrombophlebitis Engaphezulu: Ihlwili legazi lenzeka emthanjeni ongaphantsi kwesikhumba kwaye libangela ukudumba.

5. I-Aortic Aneurysm

I-aneurysm kubuthathaka kodonga lomthambo wegazi, okubangela ukuba ludumbe njengebhaluni. Nangona inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na imithambo yegazi, ixhaphake kakhulu kwi-aorta, umthambo wegazi oyintloko ophuma entliziyweni.

• I-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: Ukudumba kwi-aorta kwindawo yesifuba.
• I-Aneurysm ye-Aortic yesisu: Ukudumba kwe- aorta kwindawo yesisu.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba i-aneurysm iyaqhambuka, inokuba yingozi ebomini, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.

6. I-Fibromuscular Dysplasia (i-FMD)

Le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Kule meko, iiseli ezindongeni zemithambo ephakathi nekhulu zikhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Oku kunokutshintsha imo yemithambo, kuyenze ibonakale ngathi ineentsimbi, kwaye kunciphise imithambo. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana ne-aneurysms kunye nokuqhekeka kwemithambo.

7. I-Lymphedema

Inkqubo ye-lymphatic yinethiwekhi yemithambo ye-lymph kunye ne-lymph nodes ezinceda inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela. Le nkqubo ikhusela umzimba wethu kwizinto zangaphandle. I-Lymphedema kuxa le mithambo ye-lymph okanye ii-nodes zonakele, zonakele, okanye zisusiwe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ulwelo lwe-lymph luqokeleleke kwindawo enye luze ludumbe.

• I-Primary Lymphedema: Ayifumaneki rhoqo. Abanye abantu bazalwa bengenazo ezinye ii-lymph nodes okanye bengenazo iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga kuzo.
• I-Secondary Lymphedema: Oku kwenzeka xa kukho ukuvaleka okanye ukuvaleka kwenkqubo ye-lymphatic. Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nosulelo, umhlaza, utyando, izicubu ezibomvu, ukwenzakala, i-DVT, kunye nonyango lwemitha.

8. I-Vasculitis

Oku kukudumba kwemithambo yegazi, oko kuthetha ukuba iyadumba. Oku kunokubangelwa ngamayeza, usulelo, okanye ngamanye amaxesha akukho sizathu sifumanekayo. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuba igazi lihambe ngemithambo yegazi. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokunxulunyaniswa neemeko zerheumatological okanye izifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo. I-Vasculitis inokubangela i-aneurysm.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu sisifo semithambo yegazi?

Abanye abantu bafumana iingxaki zemithambo yegazi kubazali babo ngokusebenzisa iijini. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, umzekelo, iimeko zokuxinana kwegazi, kufuneka baphile nezi ngxaki besebancinci.

Nangona kunjalo, izifo ezininzi zemithambo yegazi zibangelwa kukuqokelelana kwamafutha kunye ne-cholesterol (i-plaque) kwimithambo yegazi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Umzekelo, iPeripheral Artery Disease okanye iCarotid Artery Disease. I-Atherosclerosis, ukuqina kweendonga zemithambo yegazi, inokuqala kulutsha kwaye inokubangela iingxaki kubudala obuphakathi okanye kamva.

Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi zifo eSri Lanka?

Ezi zifo zemithambo yegazi ngoku zixhaphake kakhulu naseSri Lanka.Le ngozi iyanda ngakumbi zizinto ezifana nemikhwa yokutya engafanelekiyo, ukwanda kwesifo seswekile, ukungazilolongi, kunye nokutshaya . Iimeko ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)" kunye ne-"Carotid Artery Disease" zixhaphakile.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo semithambo yegazi?

Oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Makhe sijonge iimpawu zeentlobo ezimbalwa eziphambili zezifo.

Iimpawu zesifo semithambo yegazi ejikelezayo (i-PAD):

• Imithambo yegazi evalekileyo emilenzeni: Intlungu okanye ukuqina kwemilenze xa usebenza okanye uhamba, okuphela emva kokuphumla okufutshane. Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu, amanxeba angapholiyo, kunye nokuziva udiniwe emilenzeni.
• I-ischemia yamathumbu: Intlungu ebuhlungu esiswini, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, urhudo, ukungabi namdla wokutya, kunye nokunciphisa umzimba.
• Isifo semithambo yezintso: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulekiyo (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu), ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
• Isifo sokubanjwa kwesikhumba sePopliteal: ukungaziva, ukurhawuzelelwa, ukuphelelwa zimvakalelo, kunye nokutshintsha kombala emlenzeni nasenyaweni.
• Isiganeko sikaRaynaud: iminwe neenzwane zijika zibe bomvu, zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okanye zibe mhlophe, zizive ngathi ziyarhawuzelela, kwaye ziziva ngathi azinangqondo.
• Isifo sikaBuerger: Intlungu ezandleni, ezinyaweni, nakwiminwe nokuba sele uphumle. Iminwe inokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ibe mhlophe.

Iimpawu zeengxaki ezinxulumene nomthambo oyintloko entanyeni (iCarotid Artery):

• Isifo semithambo ye-carotid: Amaxesha amaninzi, iimpawu azibonakali de kube kuvele isifo sohlangothi okanye i-TIA . Iimpawu zesifo sohlangothi ziquka: ubunzima bokubona okanye ukuthetha, ukudideka, kunye neengxaki zenkumbulo.
• Ukuqhaqhwa kwemithambo ye-carotid: Intloko ebuhlungu, intlungu yentamo, intlungu yamehlo okanye yobuso.
• Iithumba zomzimba ezibangelwa yi-carotid: Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukubila, intloko ebuhlungu.
• I-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid: I-Stroke okanye i-transient ischemic attack (TIA) inokwenzeka.

Iimpawu zeSifo seMitha:

• Imithambo yeVaricose kunye nemithambo yesigcawu: ukudumba, iintlungu, kunye nokubonakala kwemithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ebomvu emilenzeni.
• Isifo seKlippel-Trenaunay (KTS): Intlungu okanye ubunzima emlenzeni okanye engalweni.
• I-May-Turner syndrome (MTS): ukudumba kwemilenze, iintlungu xa ucinezelwe, ulusu olubomvu okanye olutshintsha umbala.
• Isifo seThoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS): Intlungu entanyeni, engalweni, nasegxalabeni, ukungaziva mnandi esandleni okanye kwiminwe.
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi (CVI): Ukuqaqamba kwemilenze, ubunzima okanye ukuqaqamba kwemilenze, ukudumba.

Iimpawu zeClots zegazi:

• Iimeko zokuqunjelwa kwegazi: `(DVT)` okanye `(Pulmonary Embolism` zinokwenzeka.
• I-Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): iintlungu zomlenze, ukudumba, ubushushu, ukubomvu kolusu.
• Ukugonywa kweMiphunga: Ukukhohlela igazi, iintlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo!
• I-Axillo-subclavian vein thrombosis: ukudumba, ubunzima okanye iintlungu engalweni okanye kwiminwe, ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu.
• Ukudumba kwemithambo engaphezulu ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwegazi: ukudumba, iintlungu, ubushushu, kunye nokubomvu kolusu olujikeleze umthambo.

Iimpawu ze-Aortic Aneurysm:

• I-aneurysm yemithambo yesifuba: iintlungu zesifuba, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ubunzima bokuginya, ukudumba kwentamo.
• I-Aneurysm ye-aorta yesisu: Intlungu yesisu okanye yomqolo, isiyezi, isicaphucaphu kunye nokuhlanza, (ukuba i-aneurysm iyaqhambuka) ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza. Oku nako kungxamiseko!

Iimpawu ze-Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD):

Intlungu yentamo, utshintsho embonweni, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isiyezi, ukuva isandi "esikhalayo" ngaphakathi ezindlebeni, okanye ukuva ukubetha kwentliziyo.

Iimpawu zeLymphedema:

Ukudumba kwezandla okanye iinyawo, ngakumbi.

Iimpawu zeVasculitis:

Ukuziva ungaphilanga kakuhle, umkhuhlane, ukudumba.

Zithini izizathu zesifo semithambo yegazi?

Isizathu esichanekileyo seengxaki zemithambo yegazi asaziwa, kodwa kukho izizathu eziqhelekileyo:

• I-Cholesterol ephezulu
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Ukutshaya okanye ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba (le yeyona ntshaba inkulu!)
• Isifo Seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus)
• I-genes ezizuzwe njengelifa kubazali
• Amanye amayeza
• Ukwenzakala
• Iintsholongwane
• Amahlwili egazi

Isifo semithambo yegazi sifunyanwa njani?

Ukuba unale mpawu, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha . Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nazo na ezi ngxaki, aze akuhlole umzimba. Kungakunceda ukukukhulula izihlangu neekawusi zakho uze ubonise ugqirha iinyawo zakho.

Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo semithambo yegazi ugqirha acinga ukuba sikhona, unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi kunye neeskeni ezikhethekileyo (imifanekiso).

Zithini iimvavanyo zokuxilonga?

Kwizifo ezininzi zemithambo yegazi, kukho amahlwili okanye ukuvaleka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Ngoko ke, ukuze ubone ezi zinto kanye, kusetyenziswa iindlela "(Imaging)`` ezinokujonga ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.

• I-Vascular Ultrasound: Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza imifanekiso yemithambo yegazi. Kunokujonga ukuhamba kwegazi kunye nokuba kukho naziphi na izithintelo.
• I-Catheter Angiography: Ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) idluliselwa kwimithambo yegazi, kufakwe ulwelo olukhethekileyo, kuthathwe imifanekiso ye-X-ray. Oku kuvumela ukuba ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi libonakale ngokucacileyo.
• I-CT Angiography: I-CT scan isebenzisa ulwelo olukhethekileyo ukuthatha imifanekiso yemithambo yegazi enamacala amathathu.
• I-MR Angiography: I-MRI scan isetyenziselwa ukuthatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zemithambo yegazi.

Zinyangwa njani izifo zemithambo yegazi?

Akukho ndlela inye yokunyanga oku. Unyango luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Ngamanye amaxesha, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila njengokutshintshela kwindlela yokutya enempilo kunye nokuzilolonga kunokubonelela ngoncedo olukhulu. Ezinye izifo zifuna amayeza, ngelixa ezinye zifuna iinkqubo zotyando.

Makhe sijonge ngokufutshane unyango lwezifo ezininzi eziphambili:

Unyango lwesifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (i-PAD):

• Imithambo yegazi evalekileyo emilenzeni: ukutya, umthambo, amayeza, utyando.
• Ischemia yamathumbu: Iipilisi zokubulala iintlungu, amayeza okususa amahlwili, ukususwa kwehlwili ngotyando. Kwiimeko ezingapheliyo, kunokwenziwa utyando lwe-angioplasty, i-stenting, okanye i-bypass.
• Isifo semithambo yezintso: Ukutya okunetyuwa encinci, okunempilo kwintliziyo. Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, `(Statins)` (amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol).
• Isifo sokubanjwa kwePopliteal: Utyando lokukhupha i-"Popliteal Artery".
• Isiganeko sikaRaynaud: Gcina izandla neenyawo zakho zifudumele. Sela amayeza athi ``(Dilated)`` anceda ukugcina imithambo yegazi ivulekile.
• Isifo sikaBuerger: Kubalulekile ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba. Gcina izandla neenyawo zakho zifudumele. Thatha ii-vasodilators.

Unyango lweengxaki ezinxulumene nomthambo oyintloko entanyeni (iCarotid Artery):

• Isifo semithambo yegazi eCarotid: Ukutya okunempilo. Amayeza okunciphisa igazi kunye namayeza okunciphisa i-cholesterol. Utyando lwe-Carotid endarterectomy ukususa i-plaque. Utyando lwe-Angioplasty kunye ne-stenting ukugcina imithambo yegazi ivulekile.
• Ukuqhaqha umthambo weCarotid: `(Antiplatelets)` (amayeza athintela ukuhlangana kweeplatelet zegazi), `(Anticoagulants)` (amayeza athintela ukuhlangana kwegazi), `(Stening)`.
• Iithumba zomzimba we-carotid: Ukususwa kwesi sifo ngotyando.
• I-aneurysm yemithambo ye-carotid: Amayeza okulwa ne-hypertension, amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol, amayeza okuqunjelwa kwegazi. Utyando lwe-bypass okanye i-stent-graft.

Unyango lweSifo seMingxunya:

• Imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo yesigcawu: Ukususwa kusetyenziswa ubushushu, amanzi anetyuwa, okanye i-laser.
• I-Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS): Unyango olufanayo nolwe-venous thromboembolism.
• I-May-Turner Syndrome (MTS): Unyango olufanayo nolwe-`(DVT)`.
• Isifo Sokuphulukana Negazi (i-TOS): Unyango Lomzimba, Amayeza.
• Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi (CVI): Ukushukuma rhoqo kwemilenze, ukunxiba iikawusi ezicinezelweyo. Unyango lwemithambo yegazi ngamanzi anetyuwa, nge-laser, okanye ngokusikwa.

Unyango lwe-Blood Clots:

• Unyango lweemeko zokuxinana kwegazi: `(DVT)` kunye `(Pulmonary Embolism)` luyafana.
• I-Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): Ukuphakama kwemilenze. Izithambisi-gazi ezinciphisa igazi kunye neentlungu.
• I-Pulmonary Embolism: Izinto ezinciphisa igazi kunye ne-thrombolytics (izinyibilikisi zegazi). Utyando lokususa i-clot.
• I-Axillo-subclavian vein thrombosis: `(Thrombolytics)`, amayeza okunciphisa igazi. Ukususwa kwehlwili legazi.
• I-overficial vein thrombosis: Phakamisa ingalo/umlenze ochaphazelekayo ngaphezu kwentliziyo. Faka ubushushu. Nxiba iikawusi zokucinezela. Ukususwa komthambo ngotyando.

Unyango lwe-Aortic Aneurysm:

• I-Thoracic Aneurysm: Utyando lokufaka i-graft yelaphu okanye i-stent. Olu lutyando olukhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nendlela yotyando.
• I-Aneurysm ye-aorta yesisu: Utyando lokufaka i-graft. Ukulungiswa kwe-Endovascular yinkqubo engenazo izithintelo ezininzi.

Unyango lwe-fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD):

Izithibisi zegazi, iintlungu. `(Angioplasty)`. Utyando lokuthintela ukugqabhuka komthambo wegazi.

Unyango lweLymphedema:

Phakamisa ingalo/umlenze ochaphazelekayo ngaphezu kwenqanaba lentliziyo yakho ngelixa ulele phantsi malunga nemizuzu engama-45 kabini ngemini. Nxiba isingxobo sokucinezela. Sebenzisa ingalo/umlenze ochaphazelekayo kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ukuba ugqirha wakho uyacebisa, yiya kwikliniki ekhethekileyo ye-lymphedema.

Unyango lweVasculitis:

Ugqirha angakunika amayeza anjengee-steroids.

Zithini iingxaki/iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Naliphi na iyeza linokuba nemiphumo emibi, kodwa izibonelelo zihlala zifanelekile ukulisebenzisa. Uninzi lwexesha, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ziya kuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuba azinjalo, ungathetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokutshintshela kwelinye iyeza.

Xa ucinga ngotyando okanye utyando, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengozi kunye neenzuzo. Oko kusebenza kummelwane wakho kusenokungasebenzi kuwe.

Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndiphephe isifo semithambo yegazi?

Awunakutshintsha izinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, imbali yosapho lwakho, okanye ii-genes. Kodwa ungenza ezi zinto:

• Lawula isifo sakho seswekile, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu .
• Zilolonge rhoqo. Ukuhamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku nako kulungile.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo. Nciphisa ioyile, iswekile, netyuwa. Yitya iziqhamo, imifuno, kunye nokutya okutyebileyo kwi-fiber.
• Ukuba kufuneka uhlale okanye ume iiyure ezininzi, hambahamba kancinci uze uhambehamba ubuncinane kanye ngeyure .
• Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni.
• Nciphisa uxinzelelo.
• Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo iimveliso zecuba. Oku kufuneka ukwenze.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndinesifo semithambo yegazi (i-Vasculopathy)?

Isifo semithambo ngamanye amaxesha sinokuba yingxaki yobomi bonke. Nje ukuba ugqirha wakho afumanise ukuba unamafutha amaninzi kwimithambo yakho, uza kukuxelela ukuba wenze utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo. Kuya kufuneka uqhubeke nokwenza izinto ezifana nokuzilolonga, ukuphepha ukutshaya, kunye nokukhetha ukutya okunempilo. Kusenokufuneka uqhubeke nokusela amayeza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi.

Imbono yale meko

Kwizifo ezininzi zemithambo yegazi, okukhona ugqirha eyifumanisa ngokukhawuleza ingxaki , kokukhona imbonakalo ingcono. Iingxaki ezininzi zemithambo yegazi ziba nzima ukunyanga njengoko zisiba mandundu. Ezinye iimeko zemithambo yegazi, ezifana ne-`(Carotid Artery Dissection)`, `(Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm)` kunye ne-`(Pulmonary Embolism)`, zinokuba yingozi ebomini.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukongeza koku kungasentla, kufuneka uqhubeke nokusela amayeza njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele kwaye uye kuhlolwa ngugqirha ngemihla ebekiweyo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba kukho utshintsho kwimeko yakho yemithambo yegazi, okanye ukuba unengxaki ngamayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu , fowunela ku-911 (1990 eSri Lanka) ngoko nangoko :

• Ukudideka okanye isiyezi
• Ubunzima bokuthetha (ukuthintitha)
• Ukugoba kwelinye icala lobuso
• Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni
• Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono
• Ubuthathaka engalweni okanye emlenzeni

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

• Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango lwesifo sam?
• Ngaba kukho enye into endifanele ndiyenze ukuze ndinyamekele imeko yam yemithambo yegazi?
• Ngaba kukho ezinye iimeko zempilo ezinxulumene noko endifanele ndizazi kunye nale ngxaki yemithambo yegazi?

Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ngoxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kukuba uqaphele . Musa ukulibazisa ukuvavanywa okanye amayeza. Ekubeni ezinye iingxaki zoxinzelelo lwegazi zisenzeka kwiintsapho, ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakho lwezempilo nosapho lwakho kunokubanceda baphephe kwaye baqaphele uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ekubeni uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye ne-cholesterol zizinto ezibangela uxinzelelo lwegazi, cela usapho lwakho ukuba lubahlole nabo.

Isishwankathelo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndicinga ukuba ngoku uyaqonda ngcono izifo zemithambo yegazi esithethe ngazo namhlanje. Khumbula, ezi asizozinto onokuzithatha lula . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uziqaphela kwangethuba, uziphathe kakuhle, kwaye wenze utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, ungaphila kakuhle nezi zifo. Ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga rhoqo , kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya.Izinto ezilula ezinje zinokwenza umahluko omkhulu. Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye iimpawu, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Hlala usempilweni!

Isifo seMithambo, iMithambo, iMithambo, amahlwili egazi, iStroke, iCholesterol