Ingaba kukudumba okufana nebhaluni eludongeni lwentliziyo? Masithethe ngale (Ventricular Aneurysm)!

Ngaba wakha weva ukuba inxalenye yodonga lwentliziyo inokuba buthathaka kwaye idumbe njengebhaluni? Le yimeko enokwenzeka kwabanye abantu. Inokwenzeka ngakumbi emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ventricular Aneurysm)` ngendlela elula, ukuze uyiqonde.

Yintoni le `(Ventricular Aneurysm)`? Ngamafutshane nje...

Kulungile, masiqale sibone ukuba yintoni le. Uyazi ukuba intliziyo yethu ineegumbi ezine eziphambili. Iigumbi ezimbini ezingaphantsi kwezi zezo zipompa igazi emzimbeni nasemaphaphu. Ezo gumbi zisezantsi zezo sizibiza ngokuba yi -'(Ventricles)' . Ngoko ke, xa indawo eludongeni lwenye yezi '(Ventricle)', oko kukuthi, enye yeegumbi ezisezantsi zentliziyo, iba buthathaka kwaye ivuthuluka njengebhaluni, siyibiza nje ngokuba yi-'(Ventricular Aneurysm)'. Cinga ngayo njengodonga olusecaleni lwetayara yemoto luba buthathaka kwaye luvuthuluka njengeqamza. Xa intliziyo ipompa igazi, elo cala libuthathaka liyavuthuluka.

Oku kunokuba yingozi, kuba ngamanye amaxesha ukudumba kunokugqabhuka . Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi kwaye ifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-Ventricular Aneurysm?

Ewe, oogqirha bayaziqonda iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-Ventricular Aneurysm.

1. I-Aneurysm yeVentricular yokwenyani: Oku kwenzeka xa inxalenye yodonga lwentliziyo, edla ngokuba ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo (i-Myocardial Infarction), isifa ize ibe buthathaka. Udonga olubuthathaka lunokuphuma luze lwenze ingxowa egcwele igazi. Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-aneurysm.

2. I-False Ventricular Aneurysm okanye i-Pseudoaneurysm: Oku kwahlukile kancinci. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba udonga lwentliziyo lonakele, kwaye igazi elithile liyavuza ngalo lize liqokelele kwi-membrane encinci ejikeleze intliziyo (i-pericardium). Oku kuthetha ukuba udonga lwentliziyo ngokwalo aluvuvukali, kodwa lubonakala ngathi lulo.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Makhe sibone ukuba oku kuxhaphake kangakanani. Izibalo zibonisa ukuba malunga nabantu aba-5 ukuya kwaba-7 kwabayi-100 abanesifo sentliziyo baya kuba nale meko (i-Ventricular Aneurysm). Le ngozi iphezulu nangakumbi ukuba isifo sentliziyo sichaphazele lonke uqweqwe lwemisipha yentliziyo (i-Transmural Myocardial Infarction).

Zithini izizathu ze-Ventricular Aneurysm?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, unobangela oyintloko noqhelekileyo kukuhlaselwa yintliziyo (`Myocardial Infarction`) . Kwisifo sentliziyo, ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwimisipha yentliziyo kuyayeka, kwaye ezo ndawo ziyafa. Emva koko, izicubu zesilonda (`Scar Tissue`) zenzeka kwezo ndawo zifileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi zicubu zesilonda zinokunwebeka, zinciphe, kwaye zibe buthathaka. Kulapho ke kwakheka khona i-`Aneurysm``.

Kodwa kunqabile kakhulu ukuba le meko ibekhona xa umntwana ezalwa. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yimeko yentliziyo yokuzalwa.Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ikho, isenokungaziwa de ibe mdala kwaye inokubangela iingxaki kamva.

Ukongeza kwesi sizathu siphambili, kukho nezinye izizathu ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga:

• Usulelo lwengaphakathi lentliziyo (endocarditis).
• Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwemithi yokuthomalalisa iintlungu efana neesteroids kunye neziyobisi ezichasene nokuvuvukala (iiNSAID) ixesha elide.
• Umkhuhlane weRheumatic.
• Izifo ezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-`(Sarcoidosis)`.
• Njengengxaki yotyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo.
• Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo ezifana ne-syphilis.
• Iingozi ezibuhlungu (ukulimala esifubeni)
• Isifo sephepha.
• `(Isifo sikaChagas)` (Olu lusulelo olubangelwa yiparasite, olungaqhelekanga kakhulu eSri Lanka).
• Imeko ethile yokutyeba kwemisipha yentliziyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy".

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-Ventricular Aneurysm?

Nangona le meko inokukhula nakubani na, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Oku kuquka:

• Abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo sentliziyo (`Isifo sentliziyo`), isifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo (`Isifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo`), okanye imbali yokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Ezi zizinto ezibangela umngcipheko kwilifa.
• Abantu abanentliziyo enkulu (i-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy). Kule meko, izihlunu zentliziyo ziba nkulu kakhulu.

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Ventricular Aneurysm)`?

Into emangalisayo kukuba uninzi lwexesha, ukuba le ``(Ventricular Aneurysm)`` incinci, inokuba neempawu ezingabonakaliyo. Abanye abantu abazi nokuba banayo le nto, kwaye ifunyanwa ngengozi xa bevavanywa ngesizathu esithile.

Kodwa abanye abantu banokufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu:

• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana, ukuziva uxinezelekile (`Angina`). Oku kunokuvakala ngathi kukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• Ukudumba komzimba, ingakumbi emilenzeni nasemaqatheni.
• Ukuhlala uziva udiniwe kakhulu ('Ukudinwa'). Ukudinwa nokuba sele wenze umsebenzi omncinci.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, okukhawulezayo, okanye ukuziva ubetha esifubeni (`I-Heart Palpitations`).
• Ukuphefumla okunzima. Ukuva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo nokuba uhamba okanye uzilolonga.
• Istroke. Oku kwenzeka ukuba ihlwili legazi lenzeka ngaphakathi kwi-aneurysm lize liqhekeke lize livale umthambo wegazi engqondweni.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zale `(Ventricular Aneurysm)`?

Yile nto ekufuneka siyiqwalasele kakhulu. Ukuba kukho i-`(Ventricular Aneurysm)`, inokubangela iingxaki eziyingozi.

Eyona ngxaki inkulu neyingozi kakhulu kukuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm.Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi kwaye ifuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele nonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Kwakhona, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kubekho imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- "Cardiogenic Shock" . Kalula nje, oku kwenzeka xa intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango.

Enye into kukuba le aneurysm yenza buthathaka i-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukupompa igazi emzimbeni. Oku kunokubangela ukuba intliziyo ingasebenzi kakuhle . Oku kuthetha ukuba intliziyo iyancipha kancinci kancinci kwaye ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomzimba.

Ukongeza, i-Ventricular Aneurysm ikwanyusa iingozi ezilandelayo:

• Amahlwili egazi kunye nemivumbo ebangelwa yiyo.
• Ukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwimisipha yentliziyo (`Myocardial Ischemia`). Oku kunokubangela iintlungu zesifuba ezingakumbi.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo nokungaqhelekanga okuyingozi (`Ventricular Tachycardia`). Oku kunokuba yingozi nakubomi.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-ventricular aneurysm?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ekubeni zingabonisi zimpawu rhoqo, ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa yintliziyo ngaphambili okanye unezinye izinto ezibangela oko, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukuze ajonge le meko. Ezi aneurysms zihlala ziqala ukwenzeka kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.

Uvavanyo oluphambili lwemifanekiso olusetyenziswayo ukufumanisa ezi aneurysms zezi:

• Ii-X-reyi zesifuba.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Angiogram. Oku kungabandakanya iskeni ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yiCoronary Computed Tomography Angiogram (CCTA).
• Iskeni ye-CT.
• I-Echocardiogram (`Echocardiogram`). Olu luvavanyo lokuqala oluqhutywayo, olufana novavanyo lwentliziyo oluqhutywa nge-ultrasound.
• Uvavanyo lwe-E.C.G. (`Electrocardiogram - ECG`). Olu vavanyo lujonga umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• I-MRI scan. Oku kunokuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zentliziyo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zale `(Ventricular Aneurysm)`?

Kaloku, masibone ukuba oku kunokwenza ntoni.

• Ii-aneurysms ezincinci, ezingenazimpawu: Ezi zisenokungafuni utyando olukhulu ngoko nangoko. Ugqirha wakho uza kukujonga. Baza kwenza uvavanyo lomfanekiso olukhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla rhoqo ukuze babone ukuba i-aneurysm iyatshintsha na ngobukhulu okanye ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu zeengxaki.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokuvuselelwa kwentliziyo: Ukuvuselelwa kwentliziyo emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyoAbantu abaninzi bayazuza ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokutshintsha indlela yokuphila enempilo yentliziyo, apho iingcali zikunceda wenze utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila enempilo yentliziyo (njengokutya kunye nokuzilolonga). Oku kunokuphucula impilo yentliziyo yakho kwaye kunciphise umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kwixesha elizayo.
• Amayeza: Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki, ugqirha angakunika amayeza anjengala:
• I-aspirin okanye amanye amayeza athintela ukujiya kwegazi (i-anticoagulants).
• Amayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol, afana ne-"Statins".
• Amayeza anikwayo okungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo.

Utyando lwe-Aneurysm yeVentricular yokwenyani

I-ventricular aneurysm enkulu, yokwenyani ebangela iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla okufutshane, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo inokufuna utyando. Oogqirha bentliziyo benza utyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo olubizwa ngokuba lutyando lokuvuselela imithambo yegazi okanye uhlengahlengiso lwemithambo yegazi .

Olu tyando lubandakanya:

• Inxalenye ebuthathaka, evuvukileyo yesihlunu sentliziyo (i-aneurysm) iyasuswa.
• Emva koko, iindawo eziphilileyo zentliziyo zithungwa kunye, okanye kuthungwe into efana ne-patch eyenziweyo ukuze kuqiniswe indawo ebuthathaka.

Ukuba une-rhythm yentliziyo engaqhelekanga (`Arrhythmia`) kwaye awukwazi ukuyilawula, kunokufuneka wenze utyando lokufaka isixhobo esincinci phantsi kwesikhumba sesifuba sakho esilawula isantya sentliziyo yakho. Sibiza ezi `(Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators - ICD)` kunye `(Pacemakers)` .

Utyando lwe-"False Ventricular Aneurysm" okanye "Pseudoaneurysm"

Eli ligama elirhabaxa kancinci, kodwa kulungile ukwazi. Ukuba alinyangwa, malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abafumana ezi aneurysms ze-ventricular ezingezizo, okanye ii-pseudoaneurysms, baya kufa. Yiyo loo nto ziyingozi. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo ukulungisa i-pseudoaneurysm.

Ngaba uphuhliso lwale `(Ventricular Aneurysm)` lungathintelwa?

Enyanisweni, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela i-ventricular aneurysm kukuzama ukuthintela unobangela oyintloko, osisifo sentliziyo. Oko kuthetha ukukhathalela impilo yentliziyo yakho. Ezi zinto ziya kunceda kuloo nto:

• Yitya ukutya okunempilo nentliziyo. Yitya ukutya okunetyuwa encinci, ioyile encinci, neswekile encinci, kunye neziqhamo ezininzi kunye nemifuno emininzi.
• Zilolonge rhoqo. Nokuba uhamba nje imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kulungile.
• Fumana iindlela ezilungileyo zokulawula uxinzelelo. Izinto ezifana nokucamngca, i-yoga, kunye nokuzibandakanya kwizinto ozithandayo.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala, kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, yeka ngokupheleleyo.
• Ukuba utyebile kakhulu, yehlisa umzimba kwaye ugcine ubunzima bakho busempilweni.
• Ukuba uneemeko ezibeka uxinzelelo entliziyweni yakho, ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, okanye i-cholesterol ephezulu, zilawule ngokufanelekileyo. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho kwaye usele amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, funa uncedo lokuyeka ngoko nangoko. Kubaluleke kakhulu nokuphepha ukutshaya umsi osetyenziswa ngabanye abantu.

Iyintoni imbono yabantu abanale meko?

Ngokomndilili, abantu abali-9 kwabali-10 abane-ventricular aneurysm engabangeli iingxaki ezinkulu basaphila emva kweminyaka emihlanu emva kokuba bexilongiwe. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba ulawulwa kakuhle, ungaphila ubomi obuhle.

Nangona kunjalo, xa ezi aneurysms zibangela iimpawu ezingaphaya konyango, okanye xa kuvela iingxaki, umngcipheko weengxaki ezisongela ubomi uyanda. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uvavanywe kwaye unyangwe njengoko oogqirha becebisa.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwisibhedlele esikufutshane:

• Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni. Njengomntu ocinezela isifuba sakho, okanye ngokungathi kukho into ekucinezelayo.
• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla.
• Ezinye iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo (umz., iintlungu eziphuma engalweni yasekhohlo, iintlungu zomhlathi, ukubila, isicaphucaphu)
• Ukuba ngequbuliso uziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye ngendlela engaqhelekanga.

Kwimeko enjalo, musa ukuchitha ixesha. Tsalela inkonzo ye-ambulensi ka-1990 (Suvaseriya) ngokukhawuleza.

Ufanele ubuze ntoni kugqirha?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuxelela ukuba une-"Ventricular Aneurysm", kulungile ukubuza imibuzo embalwa efana nale. Ngale ndlela, ungayiqonda ngcono imeko.

• Kutheni ndiphuhlise le `(Ventricular Aneurysm)`?
• Luhlobo luni lwe-Ventricular Aneurysm endinayo? (Yokwenyani okanye Bubuxoki?)
• Ingakanani i-aneurysm yam?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhuma kwe-aneurysm?
• Luhlobo luni lweyeza endiza kulithatha?
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zaloo mayeza?
• Ngaba ndiza kufuna utyando?
• Ukuba ndityandwa, zithini iingozi?
• Zeziphi iimpawu zeengxaki ekufuneka ndizixhalabise ngazo?

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, i-"Ventricular Aneurysm" esithethe ngayo kukudumba okwenzeka ngenxa yobuthathaka eludongeni lwenye yeegumbi ezisezantsi zentliziyo. Le meko idla ngokubonakala kubantu abaye bahlaselwa yintliziyo. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, nangona oku kungayibangeli zimpawu rhoqo, ukuba ezi mpawu ziyenzeka (ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla), kukho amayeza okanye utyando olunokusetyenziswa ukunyanga ezo mpawu.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-"Ventricular Aneurysm" iyaqhuma, inokuba yimeko esongela ubomi kakhulu.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ezinye iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, musa ukulibazisa, fowunela u-1990 ngoko nangoko uze uye esibhedlele. Kuya kuba luncedo olukhulu ekusindiseni ubomi bakho.

Lumkela intliziyo yakho. Phila ubomi obusempilweni. Emva koko unokuzikhusela kwiingxaki ezininzi ezifana nale.

I- Ventricular Aneurysm, isifo sentliziyo, uhlaselo lwentliziyo, ubuthathaka bodonga lwentliziyo, utyando lwentliziyo, impilo yentliziyo, iintlungu zesifuba