Ngaba wakha waya kugqirha ukuze uhlolwe amehlo akho? Mhlawumbi uyakhumbula xa wawusiya, babekukwenza uhlale esitulweni, uxhome itshathi enkulu eludongeni mgama, baze bakucele ukuba ufunde oonobumba abakuso nganye nganye. Kufuneka ufunde ukusuka koonobumba abaphezulu ukuya koonobumba abancinci, umgca ngomgca. Ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka uvale iliso elinye, uze uvale elinye... Lolo luvavanyo olulula kakhulu esilwaziyo sonke, olubizwa ngokuba yiVisual Acuity Test ngokwezonyango. Ngamafutshane, lujonga ukuba amehlo akho abukhali kangakanani. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe , ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo.
Yintoni kanye kanye le Visual Acuity Test?
Ubuchule bokubona buthetha nje "ukucaca kokubona" okanye "ubukhali bokubona". Kubhekisa kwindlela onokuhlula ngokucacileyo ngayo iimilo kunye neenkcukacha kumgama othile. Xa uhamba esitalatweni, ngaba ungafunda ngokucacileyo oonobumba abakwibhodi ekude? Ngaba ungayibona inombolo ebhasini ukude? Izinto ezinjalo zimiselwa bubuchule bakho bokubona.
Ngoko ke olu vavanyo yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo nelula yokuba ugqirha abone ukuba umbono wakho utshintshile na ngokuhamba kwexesha. Linyathelo lokuqala nelibalulekileyo kuvavanyo lwamehlo.
Kutheni olu vavanyo lubaluleke kangaka?
Olu vavanyo lulula lunokuchonga iingxaki ezininzi eziqhelekileyo emehlweni ethu kwangethuba. Ngokukodwa, lusetyenziselwa ukuchonga iingxaki ezine eziphambili ezaziwa ngokuba ziimpazamo zokungahoyi.
- Ukubona kufutshane/ I-Myopia: Kulapho unokubona khona izinto ezikufutshane nawe ngokucacileyo, kodwa izinto ezikude azicacanga. Umzekelo, ukufunda incwadi kulungile, kodwa ukubukela iTV okanye ukubona inombolo ebhasini endleleni akucacanga.
- Ukubona kude/iHyperopia: Oku kuchasene nemeko yangaphambili. Nangona izinto ezikude zinokubonakala ngokucacileyo, izinto ezikufutshane, ingakumbi xa ufunda incwadi okanye iphephandaba okanye ujonge ifowuni, zibonakala zifiphele. Amehlo aziva ediniwe.
- I-Astigmatism: Le yimeko eyahlukileyo kancinci. Ngenxa yokuba iliso alijolisi kakuhle ekukhanyeni, ungabona izinto ezikufutshane nezikude zigqwethekile, zoluliwe, okanye zingacacanga. Olunye uphawu loku kukubonakala kwemigca ejikeleze izibane zemoto xa uqhuba ebusuku.
- I-Presbyopia: Esi asisosifo. Yimeko yendalo eyenzeka xa ilensi yamehlo ethu ilahlekelwa bububhetyebhetye bayo emva kweminyaka engama-40. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukubona izinto ezikufutshane, njengokujonga iphephandaba okanye ukubopha intambo.
Ukongeza kwezi ngxaki zine ziphambili, olu vavanyo ngamanye amaxesha lunokusetyenziswa njengenyathelo lokuqala lokukhangela iimeko ezifana nokungaboni umbala.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lokubona kakuhle.
Sonke siyayazi itshathi enoonobumba, kodwa eneneni kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza olu vavanyo. Luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka neemfuno zomntu.
| Igama lovavanyo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Itshathi yoVavanyo lwamehlo lweSnellen | Le yindlela eqhelekileyo esiyaziyo sonke. Itshathi eludongeni iya isiba ncinci ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi. Umbono ulinganiswa ngomgca omncinci onokuwufunda. Ngoku kwezinye iindawo, oku kuboniswe eludongeni. |
| Itshati ye-E engacwangciswanga | Oku kuyafana netshathi kaSnellen. Kodwa le inonobumba u-'E' kuphela. Kumqolo ngamnye, unobumba u-E ujikwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, njengaphezulu, ezantsi, ekunene, nasekhohlo. Oku kungenziwa ngabantwana abancinci abangakwaziyo ukufunda oonobumba, okanye ngumntu ongalwaziyo ulwimi. Khomba nje ecaleni konobumba u-'E' onemilenze emithathu. |
| Uvavanyo lwePinhole Visual Acuity | Oku kwenziwa ukuze kufunyaniswe ngokuchanekileyo imeko efana nokungaboni kakuhle. Apha, unikwa isixhobo (iphedi) esinomngxuma omncinci okanye imingxunya emininzi. Ucelwa ukuba ujonge kuloo mngxuma uze ufunde itshathi. Oku kunceda ukulawula ukukhanya okungena elisweni uze ufumane ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki yokubona. |
| Uvavanyo lwabantwana (Uvavanyo lweCardiff) | Khawucinge nje, uwajonga njani amehlo omntwana omncinci ongakwaziyo ukufunda?Ngamaxesha anje, endaweni yoonobumba, basebenzisa itshathi enemifanekiso eyahlukeneyo yezilwanyana, izithuthi kunye nezindlu. Ugqirha ubonisa imifanekiso aze abuze umntwana ukuba ziintoni. Oku kunika umbono wenqanaba lokubona komntwana. |
Nantsi indlela olu vavanyo olusebenza ngayo:
Le yinkqubo elula kakhulu. La ngamanyathelo adla ngokulandelwa:
1. Umgama: Uza kuhlaliswa okanye umiswe esitulweni malunga neenyawo ezingama-20 ukusuka apho itshathi ikhoyo.
2. Ukuvala iliso elinye: Emva koko, ugqirha uza kukuxelela ukuba uvale iliso elinye ngesandla sakho okanye isixhobo esincinci esinaso. Awunakukroba nje ngeminwe yakho, akunjalo?
3. Ukufunda oonobumba: Ngoku ucelwa ukuba ufunde oonobumba ngokulandelelana ukusuka koonobumba abakhulu phezulu kwitshathi, ezantsi.
4. Ukuchonga Umda: Uqhubeka ufunda ude ufikelele kwinqanaba apho ungakwazi ukufunda oonobumba ngokucacileyo, baze bangabi ngqiqweni.
5. Ukuvavanya elinye iliso: Xa elinye iliso ligqibile, livule, uvale elinye iliso, uze uphinde uvavanyo kwasekuqaleni.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungancwini uze uzame ukufunda xa oonobumba bebancinci okanye bengacacanga. Ukwenza njalo kuya kukuthintela ekufumaneni umfanekiso ochanekileyo wombono wakho. Le ayisiyonto ekufuneka 'uyiphumelele' njengovavanyo. Okubalulekileyo kukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngokunyanisekileyo indlela obona ngayo.
Ukuba sele unxibe iiglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano, ugqirha wakho angenza olu vavanyo kabini.
- Ngaphandle kweeglasi: Linganisa umbono wakho wendalo (umbono ongalungiswanga).
- Ukunxiba iiglasi: Jonga ukuba iiglasi zakho zangoku zilungisa njani ukubona kwakho.
Zithini iziphumo? Ukujonga emva kungama-20/20...
Xa uvavanyo luphelile, umbono wakho uxelwa ngamaqhezu. Mhlawumbi ukhe waliva ibali elithi "umbono we-20/20." Bathi kwiimuvi, "Umbono wakhe ugqibelele, we-20/20."
Intsingiselo yoku ilula kakhulu.
Umbono we-20/20 uthetha ukuba into enokubonwa ngokucacileyo ngumntu onamehlo aphilileyo aqhelekileyo kumgama weenyawo ezingama-20 iya kubonakala ngokucacileyo kumgama weenyawo ezingama-20 ukusuka apho.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba umbono wakho ungama-20/40. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuze ubone ngokucacileyo into enokubonwa ngumntu oqhelekileyo kwiinyawo ezingama-40 ukusuka apho, kufuneka ube kufutshane ngeenyawo ezingama-20. Oku kuthetha ukuba umbono wakho ungaphantsi komndilili.
Kwakhona, ukuba umbono wakho u-20/15, oko kuthetha ukuba umbono wakho ubukhali kunomndilili. Ungabona ngokucacileyo ukusuka kwiinyawo ezingama-20 ukusuka apho umntu oqhelekileyo angakubona khona ukusuka kwiinyawo ezili-15 ukusuka apho.
Kodwa khumbula, uninzi lwabantu alunawo umbono opheleleyo ngaphandle kokulungiswa. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Emva kovavanyo, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela into ekufuneka uyenze ukuze ulungise umbono wakho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iiglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ziya kunikwa.
Uvavanyo lwe-Visual Acuity luyinxalenye enye yovavanyo lwakho olupheleleyo lwamehlo. Emva koku, ugqirha uza kujonga uxinzelelo lwamehlo akho, imithambo-luvo engaphakathi kweliso lakho, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi esebenzisa ezinye izixhobo (umz., isibane esiqhekekileyo).
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwe-Visual Acuity luvavanyo olulula kakhulu, olungenazintlungu, kodwa olubaluleke kakhulu olulinganisa ubukhali bamehlo akho.
- Oku kunceda kakhulu ekufumaneni izifo zamehlo eziqhelekileyo ezinje ngokubona okukufutshane nokubona okukude.
- Ngexesha lovavanyo, thetha nogqirha wakho ngendlela obona ngayo . Musa ukukroba amehlo uze uzame ukufunda nzima. Olu ayilovavanyo ekufuneka 'uluphumelele'.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu, ukuxinana kwamehlo, okanye ukubona izinto ezingaqondakaliyo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha kwaye uhlolwe amehlo akho.
- Ukuze sihlale siphilile emehlweni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba sihlolwe amehlo rhoqo . Njengabazali, kufuneka sihlale sixhalabele amehlo abantwana bethu.
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