Abantwana abancinci banomdla kakhulu kwaye banomdla wokwazi. Basoloko bezama ukufaka nantoni na abanokuyibamba emlonyeni wabo, bayichukumise, baze bayinambithe. Nangona olu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni kwabo, ngamanye amaxesha nezinto eziqhelekileyo ekhaya zinokuba yingozi enkulu ebomini babo. Ukutyhefa umntwana yinto enokwenzeka ngendlela engalindelekanga. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba sikuqonde ngokupheleleyo oku.
Zithini iimpawu zetyhefu?
Ukuba umntwana utyhefwa, angagula ngequbuliso. Ngamanye amaxesha akakwazi nokuba kwenzeke ntoni. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi mpawu.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo, uphefumla ngokukhawuleza, okanye ungaphefumli kwaphela. |
| Ubunzima bokuthetha | Ukungakwazi ukuthetha, ukungakwazi ukuthetha, okanye ukungathethi kakuhle. |
| Ukudinwa kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo | Ukungakwazi ukuhlala phantsi, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukuquleka, okanye ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngokupheleleyo. |
| Ukuphuma kwe-mucus okanye ukuvutha emlonyeni | Impumlo iphuma emacaleni omlomo, ukutsha okanye ukubomvu komlomo okanye imilebe. |
| Intlungu yesisu, ukuhlanza, kunye nesicaphucaphu | Intlungu ebuhlungu esiswini, ukuhlanza okungapheliyo, kunye nokucaphuka. |
Izizathu eziphambili zokuba abantwana batyhefwe
Uninzi lwezi ngozi zenzeka emakhaya. Kwaye oko kuyinyani ngakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Ekubeni imizimba yabo ingekakhuli ngokupheleleyo, nento umntu omdala anokuyiphatha inokuba yingozi kakhulu emntwaneni. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi zinto.
1. Amayeza
Eyona nto ibangela ukuba abantwana batyhefwe yityhefu kungenxa yamayeza. Amayeza owasebenzisayo wena, umyeni wakho, okanye nabani na endlwini anokuba yingozi kakhulu ebantwaneni. Khawucinge nje, nokuba yipilisi enye yeentlungu zokudambisa iintlungu (ezifana 'ne-Opioids') kunye namayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, kunye nezifo zengqondo zinokuba yingozi kumntwana omncinci.
Kwanamayeza anikwe umntwana ngugqirha anokuba yingozi ukuba athathwe ngaphezu komlinganiselo omiselweyo. Ekubeni amayeza olwelo (amayeza obusi) edla ngokuba mnandi, ukuba umntwana ubamba ibhotile, kusenokwenzeka ukuba asele kakhulu ngaxeshanye. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngezi zinto.
Khumbula ezi zinto xa unika amayeza:
* Soloko unika umlinganiselo ochanekileyo owunikwe ngugqirha wakho. Musa ukusebenzisa iitisipuni onazo ekhaya. Sebenzisa indebe yokulinganisa kunye nedropha eza neyeza.
* Ukuba kukho abantu abadala abaninzi ekhaya abanika umntwana amayeza, gcinani unxibelelwano oluhle phakathi kwenu. Kungenjalo, amayeza anokunikwa kabini.
* Ukuba ipilisi iwele phantsi, ungayeki ukuyikhangela ude uyifumane. Umntwana orhubuluzayo usenokuyifaka emlonyeni wakhe.
2. Iimveliso zokucoca
Izinto ezininzi zokucoca ziqulathe iikhemikhali ezinobungozi ('ii-caustic agents') ezinokutshisa ulusu, amehlo, kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumla. Kwanezinto ezincinci ezifana nezicoci zendlu yangasese kunye nezicoci zesitya zingonakalisa kakhulu indlela yokugaya ukutya komntwana. Kwakhona, ezinye zezinto ezikwizicoci zinokuba yityhefu nokuba ziphefumliwe.
3. Izibulali-zinambuzane kunye nemithi yokubulala ukhula
Izinto esizisebenzisayo ukulawula ukhula egadini kunye nezinambuzane ezisekhaya ziyingozi kakhulu ebantwaneni. Ezi zinokuba neekhemikhali ezinobungozi kakhulu ezifana ne-'organophosphates'. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana utye into efana nale, mse kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
4. Utywala Neziyobisi Ezisetyenziswa Kakubi
Ukuba umntwana usela ibhotile yotywala ekhaya, amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakhe anokwehla ngendlela eyingozi, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba axhuzule aze alahlekelwe zingqondo (i-coma). Utywala bukwafumaneka nakwizihlambi zomlomo, kwiisanitizer, nakwizisiphu zokukhohlela. Kwakhona, ukuba umntwana ufumana iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni ekhaya, oko kunokuba yingozi.
5. Ityhefu yeCarbon Monoxide
I-carbon monoxide yigesi engenambala, engenavumba, kwaye iyingozi kakhulu.Le gesi inokuqokelelana ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokusebenzisa ijenereyitha kwindawo engenamoya uneleyo, ukusebenzisa isitovu segesi, isifudumezi samanzi segesi, ukukhanyisa isitovu somthi ngaphakathi endlwini, kunye nokushiya imoto isebenza egaraji. Ukuphefumla le gesi kunokubangela isiyezi, isicaphucaphu, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, kwanokufa.
6. Izityalo Ezinobuthi
Ezinye zezityalo esizityalayo ukuze sigcine iigadi zethu zintle zinokuba yityhefu ebantwaneni. Umzekelo, izityalo ezifana ne-Oleander kunye ne-Glory Lily zinokubangela umonakalo wentliziyo kwaye zibulale xa zityiwa. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele iintlobo zemithi emyezweni wakho.
7. Ezinye izinto
- Iihydrocarbon: Izinto ezifana nepetroli, iparafini, ulwelo oluthambileyo, kunye nolwelo olukhaphukhaphu zingonakalisa ingqondo kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ukuba zityiwe okanye ziphefunyulwe.
- I-Nicotine engamanzi: Olu lwelo, olusetyenziswa kwi-e-cigarettes (vapes), luyityhefu enzulu kakhulu. Nokuba lufakwe eluswini okanye lutyiwe kancinci, luyabulala umntwana.
Senza ntoni ukuba ngempazamo sitye ityhefu? (Uncedo lokuqala)
Ukuba umntwana utya ityhefu, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungabi naxhala, kodwa kukwenza izinto ngokukhawuleza nangendlela eyiyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ukuba umntwana akazi nto, unengxaki yokuphefumla, okanye unesifo sokuxhuzula, mthathe ngoko nangoko aye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane okanye utsalele i-ambulensi ngaphambi kokuba wenze nantoni na.
| Isiganeko | Kwenziwe ntoni |
|---|---|
| Ukuba uginya ityhefu | Susa nantoni na ezandleni zomntwana. Susa nantoni na eseleyo emlonyeni. Musa ukumbangela ukuba ahlanze nangasiphi na isizathu ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Ezinye iityhefu zinokuba yingozi xa zihlanzwa. |
| Ukuba ityhefu ingena eluswini | Hlamba loo ndawo kakuhle ngesepha namanzi afudumeleyo ngoko nangoko. Ukuba kukho amadyungudyungu okanye ukutsha eluswini, yiyise kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko. |
| Ukuba uphefumla ityhefu | Msuse umntwana ngokukhawuleza kwindawo engaphandle enomoya ococekileyo. Ukuba umntwana uyeka ukuphefumla, kunokufuneka wenze i-cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) de kufike uncedo lwezonyango. |
| Ukuba ityhefu ingena esweni | Qhubeka uhlamba iliso ngamanzi afudumeleyo imizuzu eli-10-15. Emva koko funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. |
Kuthekani ukuba ndifuna ingcebiso yeengcali? - IZiko loLwazi lweTyhefu leSizwe
Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba into ethile inetyhefu okanye akunjalo, okanye ukuba wenze ntoni xa umntwana wakho eginya into ethile, kukho indawo apho unokufuna khona iingcebiso zeengcali. Leyo yiZiko loLwazi lweePoisons leSizwe elikwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo.
Ungafowunela inombolo yayo yefowuni nangaliphi na ixesha kwaye ucele iingcebiso koogqirha kunye neengcali. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana inombolo yefowuni yesikhungo kwaye uyigcine kwindawo ebonakalayo kwifowuni yakho nasekhaya.
Xa uthetha apho, ukuba nolu lwazi lulungile kuya kwenza kube lula ukufumana iingcebiso ngokukhawuleza:
- Ubudala bomntwana kunye nobunzima bakhe.
- Igama lemveliso etyiweyo (yiba nebhotile okanye ipakethi ukuba kunokwenzeka).
- Iimpawu ezibonakaliswa ngumntwana.
- Ubungakanani obutyiweyo (malunga).
- Iinkcukacha zezinye izifo umntwana anazo.
Zingathintelwa njani ezi ngozi?
“Ukuthintela kungcono kunonyango,” batsho. Ngononophelo oluncinci, singathintela ngaphezulu kwama-90% ezi ngozi.
- Gcina ngokukhuselekileyo: Gcina onke amayeza, izinto zokucoca, izibulali-zinambuzane, njl.njl. kude nokufikelela kwabantwana, kude nokubonwa , okanye kwikhabhathi etshixiweyo.
- Gcina kwiikhonteyina zokuqala: Ungaze ugcine iikhemikhali kwiibhotile zokutya okanye zeziselo okanye kwiikomityi.
- Lumka xa usekhayeni lootatomkhulu noomakhulu: Amayeza asetyenziswa ngabantu abadala asenokufika ebhotileni ekulula ukuba abantwana bawavule. Kwakhona, asenokuwashiya evulekile amayeza. Ngoko ke qaphela loo nto.
- Phinda upakishe emva kokusebenzisa: Buyisela iibhotile zamayeza kunye nezinto zokucoca kwindawo yazo yokuqala kwangoko nje ukuba zigqibile ukuzisebenzisa.
- Lahla izinto ezingasetyenziswanga: Lahla ngokufanelekileyo amayeza kunye neekhemikhali eziphelelwe lixesha nezingasetyenziswanga. Ungaqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
- Musa ukushiya abantwana bodwa:Musa ukushiya abantwana bodwa xa usebenzisa amachiza okanye xa unika amayeza.
Luxanduva lwethu ukukhusela abantwana bethu. Ngokunikwa ingqalelo encinci, sinokuthintela ingozi enkulu kubomi babantwana bethu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Eyona nto ibangela ukuba abantwana batyhefwe yityhefu ngamayeza kunye neemveliso zokucoca ekhaya.
- Gcina onke amayeza kunye neekhemikhali ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo etshixiweyo, kude nokufikelela kwabantwana.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana utye ityhefu, mse kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Musa ukumgabha ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Fumana kwaye ugcine inombolo yefowuni yeZiko loLwazi lweTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ikufutshane. Cela ingcebiso kubo ukuba kukho amathandabuzo.
- Iingozi ezininzi zingathintelwa ngokuhlala ujonge abantwana njengoko behlola izinto ngenxa yomdla.
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