Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho wosapho ukuthumele kwingcali yemiphunga, okanye kwi-'Pulmonologist' njengoko sibabiza njalo ngesiNgesi. Okanye mhlawumbi nawe uzifunela enye kuba ubusoloko ukhwehlela okanye uphelelwa ngumphefumlo. Ngubani kanye kanye ingcali yemiphunga? Luhlobo luni lwezifo azinyangayo? Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokulula nangendlela ehloniphekileyo.
Ngubani lo gqirha wezifo zamaphaphu?
Ngamafutshane, ingcali yezifo zemiphunga ngugqirha ogxile kwizifo zenkqubo yethu yokuphefumla, oko kukuthi, imiphunga, iindlela zomoya, nazo zonke iinkqubo zamalungu ezinxulumene nokuphefumla. Njengokuba ingcali yentliziyo ijonga intliziyo, aba gqirha banika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwinkqubo yethu yokuphefumla.
Banyanga iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo, ukusuka kwizifo eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-asthma ukuya kwizifo ezinzulu ezifana nomhlaza wemiphunga. Bakwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunyangeni izigulana ezinobunzima bokuphefumla kwiindawo zokhathalelo oluphezulu (ii-ICU) zezibhedlele.
Basebenza phi?
Iingcali zemiphunga zihlala zisebenza ezibhedlele, ingakumbi kwiindawo zokhathalelo oluphezulu (ii-ICU) nakwiiwadi. Ukongeza, zikwaqhuba iikliniki kwizibhedlele zabucala nakwiziko lezonyango ezikhethekileyo. Abanye oogqirha basebenza kwiilabhoratri zokulala, benyanga iimeko ezifana ne-sleep apnea.
Cinga ngentliziyo nemiphunga yethu njengabahlobo ababini abasenyongweni. Xa omnye enengxaki, omnye uyachaphazeleka. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bemiphunga bedla ngokusebenzisana noogqirha bentliziyo.
Kukwakho nentsimi ekhulayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Interventional Pulmonology'. Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci eneekhamera (efana ne-'Endoscopy') emiphungeni ukuze kwenziwe unyango olukhethekileyo olufana nokususa iithumba ezincinci emiphungeni kunye nokususa ulwelo oluqokelelana emiphungeni.
Zeziphi izifo eziphambili ezinyangwa yingcali yezifo zamaphaphu?
Izifo eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokukhwehlela kunye nomkhuhlane zihlala zinyangwa ngugqirha wosapho lwakho. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko ezinzima nezingapheliyo ezifana nezi zilandelayo zifuna uncedo lwengcali yezifo zamaphaphu.
| Imeko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Isifuba | Kulapho iindlela zomoya zidumba, zincipha, okanye zizaliswe yi-mucus. I-asthma eqhelekileyo inokulawulwa ngugqirha wakho wosapho. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ze-asthma ekunzima ukuyilawula kwaye kungekho sizathu sinokufunyanwa, kufuneka uncedo lweengcali. |
| I-COPD (Isifo Esingapheliyo Sokuthintelwa Kwemiphunga) | Le yimeko ehlala ixesha elide. Ibandakanya zombini i-bronchitis engapheliyo kunye ne-emphysema. Eyona nto ibangela ukuba umntu afumane izinto ezimkhathazayo emiphungeni ixesha elide, njengokutshaya. |
| Isifo seMiphunga sangaphakathi | Kulapho ke izicubu ezibuthathaka kakhulu (interstitium) emaphaphu ziqina, ziqine, kwaye zenze kube nzima ukuphefumla. Oku kungenzeka ngequbuliso okanye ngokuhamba kwexesha. |
| Umhlaza wemiphunga | Ingxaki enzulu eqala emiphungeni ize isasazeke nakwamanye amalungu omzimba. Indima yengcali yezifo zamaphaphu ibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni ezi zifo kunye nokucwangcisa unyango. |
| Ukuphelelwa ngamandla kokulala | Imeko apho ukuphefumla kuyeka rhoqo xa ulele. Oku kunciphisa ubungakanani beoksijini efunyanwa ngumzimba kwaye kunokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu. |
Ufanele ubonane nini nogqirha wezifo zamaphaphu?
Khumbula, akufuneki uye kubona ingcali ngoko nangoko xa unesifo somkhuhlane okanye ukukhwehlela. Okokuqala, bonana noGqirha wakho (GP) okanye ugqirha wosapho.Uza kuhlola iimpawu zakho aze akuthumele kwingcali yezifo zamaphaphu ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Nazi ezinye iimeko apho ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kwi-pulmonologist:
- Ukuba une-asthma enzima ukuyilawula okanye ehlala iba mandundu.
- Ukuba une-bronchitis ephindaphindayo .
- Ukuba ukhwehlela ixesha elide, ngaphezulu kweeveki ezi-3-4 .
- Ukuba wenza isandi 'sokutshaya umlozi' xa uphefumla okanye ukuba uhlala uziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo.
- Ukuba uziva isifuba siqinile okanye sibuhlungu (kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha kuba oku kunokubangelwa sisifo sentliziyo).
- Iingxaki zokulala, ingakumbi ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokurhona kunye ne-sleep apnea .
- Ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga ebonwayo emiphungeni ngexesha le-X-ray okanye i-CT scan.
Kuthatha malini ukuba yingcali enjalo?
Ukuba yingcali yezifo zamaphaphu luhambo olude noluzinikeleyo. Asingomsebenzi onikwa wena nje kuphela.
Ngokwesiqhelo, emva kokugqiba isidanga seminyaka emi-5 kwisikolo sezonyango kunye nokufaneleka njengogqirha, kufuneka badlule eminye iminyaka emininzi yoqeqesho lwe-postgraduate kwi-general medicine (`Internal Medicine`). Emva koko, kufuneka bafunde ngokukodwa kwi-`Pulmonary Medicine` iminyaka eliqela, baphumelele iimviwo ezifanelekileyo, kwaye baphumelele uqeqesho olunzulu ngaphambi kokuba bafaneleke ukusebenza njenge-`Pulmonologist`. Ngoko ke ungabona ukuba oku kufuna ukuzinikela kunye nobuchule obungakanani ukuze ufumane oku.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingcali yezifo zamaphaphu ngugqirha oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ekunyangeni iingxaki ezinxulumene nemiphunga yakho, iindlela zomoya, kunye nokuphefumla.
- Banyanga izifo ezifana ne-asthma, i-COPD, umhlaza wemiphunga, kunye ne-sleep apnea.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene nenkqubo yakho yokuphefumla, qala ubonane nogqirha wosapho lwakho. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uza kukuthumela kwingcali.
- Ungaze uzityeshele iimpawu ezifana nokukhohlela okungapheliyo, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye iintlungu zesifuba. Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
- Ezi ngcali ziye zaqeqeshwa kakhulu kwaye zanikezela ekukuncedeni, ngoko ke ukulandela iingcebiso zabo kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo-ntle yakho.
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