Ngaba wakha waya kwigumbi labagula kakhulu ( ICU )? Okanye mhlawumbi ukhe wayibona kwimuvi, apho izigulana ezigula kakhulu ziqhagamshelwa kumatshini ukuze zibancede baphefumle. Abantu abaninzi bayoyika xa bebona lo matshini, kodwa eneneni sisixhobo sonyango esibaluleke kakhulu esinokusindisa ubomi babantu abaninzi. Siwubiza ngokuba yi-ventilator. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngento eyenzekayo kweli candelo lomoya kunye nesizathu sokuba lifuneke.

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Ngokufutshane, yintoni i-ventilator?

Ngamafutshane, i-ventilator ngumatshini okuncedayo ukuphefumla xa unengxaki yokuphefumla wedwa. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-mechanical ventilator .

Cinga ngemiphunga yethu njengeebhaluni ezimbini ezincinci. Xa siphefumla, ezi bhaluni zifutha ioksijini , kwaye xa siphefumla, zincipha ngekhabhoni diokside , engafunekiyo ngumzimba. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima zonyango, iingozi, okanye xa siphantsi kwe-anesthesia yotyando olukhulu, umzimba wethu awusakwazi ukwenza le nkqubo yokuphefumla ngokufanelekileyo ngokwawo. Kulapho ke i-ventilator isiza kusinceda khona.

Oku ikakhulu kwenza izinto ezimbini:

1. Umoya otyebileyo kwioksijini ufakwa kwimiphunga yakho.

2. Inceda ekukhupheni igesi yekhabhoni dayoksayidi, eyingozi emzimbeni, emiphungeni.

Abantu abaninzi babhidanisa i-ventilator ne-intubation. Kodwa ezi zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. I-intubation yinkqubo apho ugqirha efaka ityhubhu kwindlela yakho yomoya. I-ventilator ngumatshini oqhagamshelwe kuloo tyhubhu kwaye ikunceda ukuphefumla.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-ventilators?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokusebenzisa ii-ventilators kuxhomekeke kwimeko yesigulana. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.

Inkqubo/uhlobo lwe-ventilator	Ingcaciso elula
Umoya ongangenisi moya	Oku akubandakanyi ukufaka ityhubhu emzimbeni. Endaweni yoko, imaski yobuso inxitywa entloko ngeentambo, kwaye kuqhagamshelwe i-ventilator kuyo. Oomatshini be-CPAP kunye ne-BiPAP, abasetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-sleep apnea, yimizekelo emihle yoku.
Umoya Ongena Ngomdla	Kule meko, kufakwa ityhubhu kwindlela yomoya. Le tyhubhu ifakwa ngomlomo (intubation) okanye ngotyando oluncinci entanyeni (tracheostomy) ize iqhagamshelwe kwi-ventilator.
Ingxowa yokuvuselela ngesandla	Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Ambu bag'. Ingapompelwa ngesandla ukunika umguli umoya. Isetyenziswa kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo xa kungekho sixhobo sokungenisa umoya okanye ukuba umatshini uyasilela.

Kuphantsi kweziphi iimeko apho kufuneka khona i-ventilator?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba umntu angadinga i-ventilator, nokuba yeyexesha elifutshane okanye elide.

Utyando : Ngexesha lotyando olukhulu, i- anesthesia eqhelekileyo enikwayo inokwenza ukuphefumla kwethu kube buthathaka. Ke ngoko, i-ventilator iyasinceda de sivuke kwi-anesthesia.
Ukusilela kokuphefumla: Eli ligama elinikwe imeko apho ungakwazi ukuphefumla wedwa. Oku kungenzeka ngequbuliso, okanye kunokuvela kancinci ngenxa yesifo esingapheliyo.
Iintsholongwane ezifana ne-COVID-19: Njengoko ukhumbula, ngexesha lobhubhane we-COVID-19, izigulane ezinemiphunga eyonakele kakhulu yintsholongwane , ezizaliswe lulwelo, kwaye zingakwazi ukuphefumla ngokwazo zazifuna inkxaso yomoya.
Ezinye iimeko zonyango:
Ukonakala kwengqondo okanye istroke
I-pneumonia enzima
Izifo zemiphunga ezingapheliyo ezifana neCOPD ( Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease )
I-ARDS (i-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) - imeko apho imiphunga izaliswe lulwelo
Impendulo enzima ye-allergy (i-Anaphylaxis)
Izifo ezichaphazela imithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha (umz. i-Guillain-Barré syndrome)
Imeko ye-Coma

Kwenzeka ntoni xa uqhagamshelwe kwi-ventilator?

Inyaniso kukuba, ayilonto imnandi kangako. Usenokungakhululeki xa ufakwe ityhubhu emlonyeni. Kodwa awuyi kuva ntlungu. Oku kungenxa yokuba oogqirha baza kukunika amayeza okuthomalalisa ukuze uhlale ukhululekile kwaye ukhululekile. Ngamanye amaxesha, nangona uvukile, usenokungazi kakuhle. Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, oogqirha banokugqiba ekubeni bakulalise ngokupheleleyo ukuze bancede umzimba wakho ubuyele esiqhelweni ngokukhawuleza.

Abasebenzi bezonyango baza kuhlala bejonga imeko yakho. Baza kuhlala belinganisa izinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo , kunye namanqanaba eoksijini. Ingcali yokuphefumla iza kusebenzisa ityhubhu yokufunxa ukususa i-mucus emiphungeni yakho.

Ukuba unetyhubhu emlonyeni wakho, awuyi kukwazi ukuthetha okanye ukutya okanye ukusela. Uza kunikwa izondlo ezibalulekileyo nge-IV (saline) okanye enye ityhubhu efakwe esiswini sakho.

Ukuba umntu omaziyo usebenzisa i-ventilator...

Eli lixesha elinzima kwisigulana nakusapho. Ukuba umntu omthandayo ukule meko, nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukunceda:

Hlala unethemba: Amandla akho ngamandla amakhulu kuye.
Thetha rhoqo: Uyakuva. Ilizwi lakho liya kumthuthuzela.
Bambani izandla: Uza kukuva ukuba uchukumisekile.
Nceda ngonxibelelwano: Ukuba uvukile, mncede anxibelelane ngemiqondiso, ngokubhala nangokukhomba.
Zisa into eqhelekileyo ekhaya: into awayeyisebenzisa, njenge-pillowcase okanye i-loof, ukuze azive ekhululekile.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho nge-ventilator?

Nangona i-ventilator isisixhobo esisindisa ubomi, inokubangela iingxaki ezithile. Oogqirha kunye nabasebenzi bonyango bahlala beyazi le mingcipheko kwaye bathatha amanyathelo afunekayo ukuthintela le mingcipheko.

Ingxaki	Yintoni enokwenzeka?
Iintsholongwane	Iintsholongwane zinokungena emiphungeni ngetyhubhu yokuphefumla zize zibangele inyumoniya. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) .
Umonakalo weMiphunga	Ukuba uxinzelelo okanye ubungakanani beoksijini ethunyelwa yi-ventilator buyanda, bunokonakalisa imiphunga ebuthathaka. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuweni kwemiphunga (pneumothorax) okanye ukwakheka kolwelo emiphungeni (pulmonary edema).
Ezinye iingozi	Ukuba kwindawo efanayo ixesha elide kunokubangela izilonda ezibangelwa kukuhlala phantsi kunye nokuqhekeka kwegazi . Kwakhona, emva kokubuyela ezingqondweni, ungaziva udidekile kancinci (ukudideka kwengqondo) kwaye ungabi nankumbulo intle. Kusenokubakho utshintsho kwilizwi lakho emva kokuba ityhubhu isusiwe.

Uzikhupha njani kwi-ventilator?

Oku akuyonto eyenzeka ngaxeshanye. Xa oogqirha beqinisekile ukuba ungaphefumla kakuhle wedwa, baya kunciphisa kancinci kancinci inkxaso evela kwi-ventilator baze ekugqibeleni bayisuse ityhubhu. Le nkqubo siyibiza ngokuba 'kukukhumula' .

Kuqhelekile ukuba ekuqaleni uzive umphimbo obuhlungu kunye nelizwi elirhabaxa emva kokuba ityhubhu isusiwe. Abanye abantu banokuziva bedidekile kwaye bebuthathaka emzimbeni. Konke oku kuya kuphucuka kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Khumbula, ixesha lokuchacha liyahluka kumntu nomntu. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yonke imihla usebenzisa i-ventilator, kuthatha ubuncinane iveki ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomonde.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

I-ventilator ayiyonto yokoyika, sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sonyango esinceda ekusindiseni ubomi.
Isetyenziselwa ukunceda imiphunga xa isigulane singakwazi ukuphefumla ngokwaso.
Nangona ungakwazi ukuthetha okanye ukutya ngelixa unetyhubhu emlonyeni wakho, awuva ntlungu.
Nangona ezinye iingxaki zinokubakho, ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lakho lezonyango bahlala belumkile ngazo.
Kuthatha ixesha elithile ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo emva kokuba esusiwe kwi-ventilator. Oku kuqhelekile, ngoko ke yiba nomonde kwaye uqhubeke nonyango lwakho.