Amehlo ethu afana nekhamera exabisekileyo. Kukho inxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu nebuthathaka yale khamera esebenza njengefilimu, siyibiza ngokuba yi-retina . Le nxalenye yiyo ethumela izinto esizibonayo engqondweni yethu njengemiqondiso yokukhanya. Ngoko ke ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo koku, umbono wethu unokuchaphazeleka kakhulu. Kukho oogqirha abanolwazi kwizifo ze-retina. Namhlanje sithetha ngabo, oko kukuthi, iNgcali ye-Retina.
Ngubani ingcali yeRetina?
Ngamafutshane, iNgcali yeRetina yingcali yamehlo, kodwa ifumene uqeqesho olunzulu ngakumbi kwi-retina nakwiindawo ezinxulumene nayo zamehlo ethu. I-retina lulwahlu oluncinci lweeseli ezikwidonga elingasemva kweliso. Yile nto ifumana ukukhanya, ihlele olo lwazi, ize iluthumele engqondweni.
Ukongeza, ezi ngcali zikwanyanga izifo zomzimba we-vitreous , into efana nejeli engaphakathi kweliso phakathi kwelensi kunye ne-retina. Lo mzimba we-vitreous yiwo ogcina umbindi weliso ucacile kwaye unceda ukukhanya kudlule ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa kwi-retina.
Yintoni indima yeNgcali yeRetina?
Ezi ngcali zisebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukuhlola i-retina kunye nemithambo yegazi eyinika yona. Eminye yemisebenzi yazo ephambili ibandakanya:
- Ukwenza utyando oluntsonkothileyo lwamehlo olunxulumene ne-retina.
- Unyango lomhlaza wamehlo kunye nezinye izifo zamehlo ezinzulu.
- Unyango lwengozi enkulu yamehlo.
- Ukubonelela ngonyango olukhethekileyo lomonakalo wamehlo obangelwa zizifo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba yingcali efana nale?
Khawuthelekelele ukuzinikela okufunekayo ukuze ube yingcali enjalo. Olu luhambo olude lwemfundo oluthatha iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi.
- Okokuqala, isidanga sesayensi seminyaka emine.
- Emva koko, iminyaka emine okanye emihlanu yokufunda kwisikolo sezonyango.
- Okulandelayo, uqeqesho lomsebenzi lonyaka omnye.
- Emva koko, uchitha iminyaka emithathu ufunda nge-ophthalmology phantsi kweengcali zamehlo ezinamava. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yinkqubo yokuhlala.
- Okokugqibela, omnye unyaka okanye emibini yoqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwizixhobo zokuxilonga kunye notyando lwezifo ze-retina kunye ne-vitreous body. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-retina-vitreous fellowship.
Kungenxa yolu qeqesho lubanzi abakwaziyo ukunyanga iingxaki ezinzima nezinzima emehlweni ethu.
Ufanele ubonane nini nengcali ye-retina?
Ukuba ugqirha wakho wamehlo oqhelekileyo ukrokrela ukuba kukho ingxaki emehlweni akho, angakuthumela kwiNgcali yeRetina. Nazi ezinye zeemeko apho oku kunokwenzeka khona.
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula kunye neempawu |
|---|---|
| Ukukrazula okanye ukuqhekeka kwe-retinal | Ukukrazuka kwe-retina kunokubangela ukuba ulwelo lwe-vitreous olungaphakathi kweliso luphume kwaye lubangele ukuba i-retina ihlukane. Iimpawu ziquka ukubona okufipheleyo, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, amabala amnyama phambi kweliso, kunye nokuvela ngequbuliso kwezinto ezininzi ezidadayo. Ukuqhekeka kwe-retina yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango kwaye kunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokubona okungapheliyo ukuba akunyangelwa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) ngokukhawuleza. |
| Umzimba wangaphandle emehlweni | Ukuba into ebukhali ibambeka esweni, le ngcali iya kujonga ukuba kukho na iziqwenga zayo ezisele ngaphakathi kweliso, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, baya kuyisusa ngononophelo. |
| Usulelo olungaphakathi kweliso (i-Endophthalmitis) | Olu luhlobo losulelo olukhulu oluvela ngaphakathi kweliso. Ngamanye amaxesha lunokwenzeka emva kotyando lweliso okanye ngenxa yengozi eyenzeke kweliso. Ingcali ingafaka amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kweliso ukunciphisa ukudumba. |
| I-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) | Xa amanqanaba eswekile egazini engalawulwa ixesha elide, imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwi-retina iyonakala .Ukuphendula, umzimba udala imithambo yegazi emitsha nebuthathaka. Le mithambo yegazi inokuvuza igazi, yenze amanxeba, ize itsale i-retina. Ingcali ingazisusa ngotyando ezi mithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga ngaphambi kokuba zenze umonakalo ongakumbi. |
| Ukonakala kweMacular okunxulumene nobudala obumanzi (AMD) | Kule meko, imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga yakheka phantsi kwe-retina ize ivuza igazi. Oku kunokubangela ukuba i-retina ihlukane, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umbono uphazamiseke okanye ulahleke ngonaphakade. Ingcali inokufaka amayeza emehlweni anciphisa ukukhula kwale mithambo iyingozi. |
| Ukuvalelwa kwemithambo ye-retinal (RVO) | Oku kukuvaleka komthambo othwala igazi lisuka kwi-retina. Ukopha okubangelwa kuko kunye nokudumba kunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokubona okungapheliyo. Ingcali inganciphisa ukudumba kunye nomonakalo ngonyango lwe-laser kunye neenaliti zamayeza. |
Ngoko ke ungabona ukuba iNgcali yeRetina yingcali edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni ukubona kwethu. Ukuba ingcali yamehlo jikelele ikuthumela kwingcali enjalo, oko kuthetha ukuba ingxaki yakho yamehlo ifuna unyango olunzulu nolukhethekileyo. Ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba uyayilandela loo miyalelo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingcali yeRetina yingcali yamehlo efumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwizifo zeretina kunye neendawo ezinxulumene nayo.
- Ubuchule babo bubalulekile kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokuqhekeka kwe-retina, umonakalo wamehlo ngenxa yesifo seswekile, kunye nosulelo olungaphakathi kweliso.
- Ukuba ugqirha wakho wamehlo uthumela kwiNgcali yeRetina, musa ukulibazisa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela umbono wakho.
- Iimpawu zesilumkiso ziquka ukukhanya okukhawulezileyo, isikrini esimnyama, okanye ukubonakala ngequbuliso kwamabala amaninzi amnyama antantayo. Kwimeko ezinjalo , funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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