Ingabe amaphaphu akho ayaqina futhi kunzima ukuphefumula? (I-Pulmonary Fibrosis) Ake sixoxe ngakho!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi uyaphefumula kanzima uma ukhuphuka izitebhisi noma uhamba ibanga elifushane? Noma uzizwa sengathi awusakhathali njengakuqala, futhi manje uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu ngisho nalapho wenza imisebenzi emincane? Esinye sezizathu zalezi zinto kungaba ushintsho emaphashini akho. Kulungile, i-Pulmonary Fibrosis, isimo esenza amaphaphu aqine kancane kancane futhi senze kube nzima ukuphefumula, yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla.

Iyini ngempela i-Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Kalula nje, i-Pulmonary Fibrosis iwukuqhekeka nokuqina kwezicubu ezingaphakathi kwamaphaphu akho. Cabanga ngakho njengesibazi esikhumbeni uma uthola ukulimala, into efanayo iyenzeka ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu. Lokhu kungokweqembu lezifo zamaphaphu ezibizwa ngokuthi isifo samaphaphu esingaphakathi. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi amasaka amancane omoya emaphashini ethu, izindawo lapho umoya-mpilo ungena khona lapho siphefumula, sizibiza ngokuthi `(alveoli)`, kanti izicubu ezizungezile lezo `(alveoli)` zonakele. Manje bheka, amaphaphu afana nesiponji. Ayavuvukala lapho siphefumula, futhi ayavuvukala lapho siphefumula. Kodwa lapho lesi simo (i-Pulmonary Fibrosis) sivela, izicubu emaphashini ziba nzima futhi ziqine, ngakho azikwazi ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala njengoba zazivame ukwenza. Yilapho kuba nzima ukuphefumula, futhi ubamba umoya wakho . Ngisho nemisebenzi yansuku zonke eyayilula manje ingazizwa ikhathaza kakhulu.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi (i-Pulmonary Fibrosis) sihlala njalo , okusho ukuthi kunzima ukwelapha ngokuphelele. Futhi, singaba sibi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (sibe sibi kancane kancane) . Sibiza lokho ngokuthi `(i-progressive pulmonary fibrosis)`.

Ingabe amaphaphu angaba lukhuni ngaphandle kwesizathu? Kuyini i-Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi imbangela yalesi sifo samaphaphu ayitholakali . Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi `(Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis)` ezimweni ezinjalo. Igama elithi "idiopathic" lisho "isizathu esingaziwa." Esikhathini esiningi, iningi leziguli ezine-(Pulmonary Fibrosis) linalesi simo `(Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis)`.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-Pulmonary Fibrosis? Ziyini izimpawu?

Izimpawu zalesi sifo zingase zihluke kancane kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile:

• Ukuphelelwa umoya : Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuzivocavoca okulula, ukwenza umsebenzi, noma ngemva kokuqeda.
• Ukuphefumula okufushane, okungajulile: Ukuphefumula okusheshayo, okuncane, njengokungathi awukwazi ukugcwalisa isifuba sakho.
• Ukukhwehlela okomile okuqhubekayo: Ukukhwehlela okungakhiqizi amafinyila futhi okungaphezi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Ngikhathele ngaphandle kwesizathu (Ukukhathala): Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi, noma ngabe ulele kahle noma ungenzi umsebenzi omningi.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo okungachazeki: Ukwehlisa isisindo nje ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukudla.
• Iminwe egobile : Iminwe nezinzwane zabanye abantu zingavuvukala futhi zikhule, zifane nenduku yesigubhu.
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba (i-Cyanosis): Uma kungekho oxygen eyanele egazini, izindebe, amehlo, nezinzipho zingaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ompunga, noma omhlophe.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Kungani lokhu (i-Pulmonary Fibrosis) kwenzeka? Yiziphi izimbangela?

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi i-pulmonary fibrosis yenzeka lapho amaphaphu onakele noma evuvukele, futhi inqubo ingaphili kahle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho amaphaphu ezama ukuzelapha, kukhona okungahambi kahle bese kwakheka izicubu zesibazi. Kunezimbangela eziningana ezithile ezingaba nomthelela kulokhu:

• Izifo zezicubu ezixhumeneyo : Uma unezifo ezifana ne-Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), i-Lupus, noma i-Scleroderma, lezi zingathinta namaphaphu akho .
• Ukuchayeka endaweni ezungezile: Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside othulini oluthile nakumakhemikhali kungalimaza amaphaphu. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-asbestos, i-silica, ne-beryllium. I-hypersensitivity pneumonitis, ukungezwani komzimba nezikhunta ezithile, amabhaktheriya, izimpaphe zezinyoni, noma i-dander, nakho kungabangela lesi simo.
• Izifo ze-granulomatous: Izimo ezifana ne-sarcoidosis noma i-Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
• Imithi ethile noma ukwelashwa: Eminye imithi efana ne-amiodarone yesifo senhliziyo, i-nitrofurantoin yezifo zomgudu womchamo, i-methotrexate yomdlavuza kanye ne-arthritis, kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe yomdlavuza nakho kungalimaza amaphaphu.
• Ukubhema: Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu emaphashini. Futhi kuyimbangela enkulu ye-Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ezimweni eziningi, imbangela ethile ayitholakali.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Ngaphezu kwezizathu ezishiwo ngenhla, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo:

• Kulabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala.
• Kwabesilisa, ngaphezu kwabesifazane.
• Uma othile emndenini ene-Pulmonary Fibrosis, kungase kube nethonya lezakhi zofuzo.
• Kubantu abanezimo ezithile zofuzo (izinguquko ze-DNA) ezibangela izifo. Isibonelo, isifo esingavamile kakhulu somnkantsha wamathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-dyskeratosis congenita.

Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Uma izicubu zamaphaphu zonakala, azikwazi ukuletha umoya-mpilo kahle kuwo wonke umzimba. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi inhliziyo yethu isebenze kanzima. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene:

• Ukwehla kwamazinga omoya-mpilo egazini (hypoxemia) kanye nokuntuleka komoya-mpilo ezicutshini (hypoxia).
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu.
• Iphaphu eligobile.
• Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu okuvamile.
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula okuphelele.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ngokushesha bese ucela ukwelashwa uma unezimpawu.

Uyixilonga kanjani i-pulmonary fibrosis? Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?

Kudingeka izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwe-pulmonary fibrosis. Udokotela wakho uzoqala alalele amaphaphu akho bese ebuza ngezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho uzokwenza izivivinyo ukuze abone ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. Bazohlola nezinye izimo zenhliziyo noma zamaphaphu ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho. Izivivinyo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• I-X-ray yesifuba: Hlola isimo esijwayelekile samaphaphu.
• Ukuskena kwe-CT (HRCT) okunekhwalithi ephezulu: Lokhu kungabonisa izibazi zamaphaphu ngokucacile.
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu (ama-PFT): Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi ungaphefumula kahle kangakanani, nokuthi amaphaphu akho angabamba umoya ongakanani.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa okufana negesi yegazi elisemithanjeni ukuhlola izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini, kanye nokuhlola ezinye izifo.
• I-Bronchoscopy: Ukuhlolwa lapho ikhamera encane enepayipi elixhunywe kuyo ifakwa khona ngekhala noma ngomlomo ukuze kubhekwe ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu. Isampula yezicubu (i-biopsy) nayo ingathathwa ngalesi sikhathi.
• I-Biopsy: Kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu emaphashini bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase ancome i-echocardiogram ukuhlola izinkinga zenhliziyo.

Ingabe i-Pulmonary Fibrosis ingelapheka ngokuphelele? Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-pulmonary fibrosis. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ukwelashwa kwamanje kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu, kunciphise ukuqhubeka kwesifo, futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho . Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko okusetshenzisiwe yile:

• Imithi yokulwa ne-fibrotic: Imithi efana ne-Nintedanib (OFEV®) noma i-Pirfenidone (Esbriet®) isiza ukunciphisa izinga lokulimala kwamaphaphu nokugcina ukusebenza kwamaphaphu.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Lawa ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emaphashini.
• Ukwelashwa nge-oxygen: Uma igazi noma izicubu zakho zingatholi umoya-mpilo owanele, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uthathe umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Lokhu kunikezwa nge-cannula yamakhala noma i-mask yobuso.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu: Lokhu kuhilela ukuzivocavoca okukhethekile kokuphefumula kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba okusiza ukuqinisa amaphaphu akho nokwenza ukuphefumula kube lula.
• Ukufakelwa kwamaphaphu: Ezinye iziguli ezine-Pulmonary Fibrosis zingase zicatshangelwe ukufakelwa amaphaphu uma lesi sifo sibi kakhulu.
• Izivivinyo zemitholampilo: Uma unentshisekelo, ungahlanganyela nasezifundweni zocwaningo ngemithi emisha kanye nokwelashwa. Buza udokotela wakho ngalokhu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kukhona esinye isifo esibangela ukukhula kwe-Pulmonary Fibrosis (isb., `(isifo sokuzivikela komzimba)`), kuzodingeka selashwe, noma uma kunezimo ezenza ukuminyana kwamaphaphu kube kubi kakhulu (isb., `(GERD)` - ukucindezeleka kwesisu), kuzodingeka futhi uthathe imithi yalokho.

Uma ngine-Pulmonary Fibrosis, kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani?

(I-Pulmonary Fibrosis) Kungaba nzima kancane kumuntu one-pulmonary fibrosis ukulwa nezifo nokululama. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugeza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi, ukugcina indawo okuyo ihlanzekile, futhi uhlale kude nezindawo ezinabantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka (ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zomkhuhlane kanye nezikhathi zomkhuhlane kanye nangesikhathi sobhubhane lwe-COVID). Futhi, kubalulekile ukuthola imijovo enconywe udokotela wakho. Le mijovo isiza ekuvikeleni ezifweni ezifana ne-pneumonia, i-influenza, i-RSV, kanye ne-COVID.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma uzizwa ukhathele kalula kunangaphambili, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Ngoba uma uqaphela futhi uqala ukwelashwa kwalezi zimo kusenesikhathi, unganciphisa ijubane lokuqhubeka kwesifo.Uma usuvele unesifo sezicubu ezixhumene noma isifo se-granulomatous, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuba ne-pulmonary fibrosis.

Kunini lapho kudingeka uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma kuvela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela u-911 noma uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha:

• Ukuphefumula okuphuthumayo, okunzima kakhulu.
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni.
• Ukudideka noma isimo sengqondo esishintshile.
• Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, izindebe, noma izinzipho okwesibhakabhaka.

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Kuzokusiza ukubuza le mibuzo uma uvakashela udokotela:

• "Dokotela, yini ebangela ukuthi amaphaphu ami aqine kanje?"
• "Ngiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?"
• "Ngingayisebenzisa kanjani le mithi?"
• "Ngizobona nini udokotela ngokulandelayo?"
• "Ingabe ngiyafaneleka ukufakelwa amaphaphu?"

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza imibuzo efana nalena nokuqonda kangcono isimo sakho.

Ingabe i-Pulmonary Fibrosis ingavinjelwa?

Asikwazi ukuvimbela izimbangela eziningi ze-pulmonary fibrosis. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile esingazenza ukunciphisa umonakalo emaphashini obangelwa yizici zemvelo:

• Gwema izinto eziyingozi emaphashini (isib. i-asbestos, uthuli lwensimbi, amakhemikhali) ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma kufanele usebenze ngezinto ezinjalo, sebenzisa umshini wokuphefumula okhethekile.
• Gwema izinto ezingabangela ukungezwani komzimba isikhathi eside (isib. utshani, okusanhlamvu, indle yezinyoni, izimpaphe, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokupholisa umoya). Sebenzisa umshini wokuphefumula uma usebenzisa lezi zinto.
• Uma ubhema, yeka ngokushesha, noma ungaqali.

Uma ngine-Pulmonary Fibrosis, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

Lokhu kuphuka kwamaphaphu cishe kuhlala njalo (ngaphandle kwezimo ezingavamile, lapho kubangelwa umuthi bese kutholakala kusenesikhathi). Uma unesinye isimo esiyisisekelo, ukulawula leso simo kungasiza ekunciphiseni umonakalo owengeziwe emaphashini akho. Uma kungatholakali imbangela, udokotela wakho uzozama ukwelapha izimpawu zakho ngenkathi ezama ukuvimbela umonakalo owengeziwe. Kunzima kodokotela ukubikezela ngqo ukuthi i-pulmonary fibrosis izoqhubeka kanjani. Kwabanye abantu, izimpawu zingase zikhule kancane kancane phakathi neminyaka ethile. Kwabanye, lesi sifo singakhula ngokushesha futhi sibe sibi phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa.

Ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani ne-Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Isilinganiso sobude besikhathi sokuphila somuntu onesifo esivame kakhulu, i-"Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis," sasivame ukuba yiminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu. Kodwa-ke, ngentuthuko yakamuva yokwelashwa, ubude besikhathi sokuphila kubantu abane-Pulmonary Fibrosis bukhuphuke kancane. Ngakho ungakhathazeki.

Ingabe zikhona izigaba ze-Pulmonary Fibrosis?

Akukho uhlelo "lokulinganisa" oluqashelwa ngokusemthethweni lwe-pulmonary fibrosis. Kodwa-ke, abanye odokotela bangase bahlukanise lesi sifo ngokuthi "sincane," "siphakathi," "sinzima," noma "sinzima kakhulu" ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu, kanye nokuskena.

I-Pulmonary Fibrosis ivame ukuqala nini eminyakeni?

I-Pulmonary Fibrosis ivame ukutholakala kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuthola ukuthi une-Pulmonary Fibrosis kungaba yinto eshintsha impilo yakho. Kungaba yinto ekhungathekisayo futhi engaqiniseki ngekusasa. Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi , ukuba nohlelo lokusekela oluvela kubathandekayo bakho, umndeni, kanye nabanye abanesimo esifanayo kungaba usizo olukhulu.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi wonke umuntu one-pulmonary fibrosis uhlukile. Akekho ongabikezela ngqo ukuthi ikusasa lakho lizoba njani. Ukwelashwa kwamanje kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhubeka kwesifo, ukulawula izimpawu, nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokulindela nokuthi yini ongayenza ngesimo sakho. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlala unethemba.

I-Pulmonary Fibrosis, Ukuminyana Kwamaphaphu, Ubunzima Bokuphefumula, Ukukhwehlela Okomile, Isifo Samaphaphu, Isifo Sokuphefumula, I-Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Ukusha Kwezibazi Zamaphaphu