Ingabe unokuvuvukala emithanjeni yakho yegazi? Ake sixoxe nge-vasculitis!

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Vasculitis. Kungenzeka ukuthi awukaze uzwe ngaleli gama ngaphambili. Kodwa yisimo esithinta imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu futhi esidinga ukunakwa okuthile. Ngakho-ke, ungakhathazeki, ake sixoxe ngokuthi siyini, kungani senzeka, ukuthi siyibona kanjani, nokuthi yini enye engenziwa.

Kuyini i-vasculitis? Kalula nje...

I-Vasculitis ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi yakho, noma imithambo yegazi . Ukuvuvukala kusho ukuvuvukala nokubomvu. Cabanga ngakho njengamapayipi athwala igazi emizimbeni yethu yonke. Kufana nenethiwekhi yemigwaqo ezweni lakithi. Le mithambo yegazi iqala enhliziyweni, isabalalise igazi emzimbeni wonke, bese ilibuyisela enhliziyweni ukuze lihlanzwe.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa:

• Imithambo yegazi: Lena yimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi elihlanzekile (igazi elinomoya-mpilo) lisuka enhliziyweni liye kuzo zonke ezinye izitho zomzimba nezitho zomzimba.
• Imithambo: Lena yimithambo ebuyisela igazi elisetshenzisiwe (igazi elinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-carbon dioxide) enhliziyweni livela kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba.
• Ama-capillary: Lawa yimithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu, emincane. Abukeka njengezintambo. Axhumanisa imithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi, njengezindlela ezincane eziphakathi kwemigwaqo emibili emikhulu. Yilapho umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba kushintshaniswa khona phakathi kwamaseli.

Manje, uma une-vasculitis, imithambo yakho yegazi iyavuvukala futhi iqine. Kwenzekani-ke? Igazi liyahluleka ukugeleza kahle, njengombhobho wamanzi ovalekile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuvuvukala kungalimaza izitho zakho zomzimba (isibonelo, izinso zakho, amaphaphu, isikhumba). Kungaholela nasezinkingeni ezinkulu, njenge- aneurysms . I-aneurysm yingxenye ebuthakathaka yodonga lwemithambo yegazi oluvuvukala njengebhaluni. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu ngoba kungaqhuma.

Kodwa, asikho isidingo sokwesaba. Iningi labantu lingalawula lesi simo se-vasculitis ngokunakekelwa okuhle kwezokwelapha kanye nemithi futhi liphile impilo evamile . Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima futhi uma ukugeleza kwegazi ezithweni ezibalulekile kuphazamiseka, empeleni kungaba yingozi empilweni. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.

Okubalulekile: Uma unezimpawu ezivame ukuba njengomkhuhlane, noma uma uzizwa noma yini engavamile, njengokungazweli noma ukushisa ezandleni noma ezinyaweni zakho, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela. Ikakhulukazi, uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha, noma ushayele isevisi ye-ambulensi ephuthumayo njengo-1990.

I-vasculitis ithinta kanjani imizimba yethu?

Lesi simo esicasulayo esibizwa ngokuthi i-vasculitis singathinta noma yimuphi umthambo wegazi emzimbeni wethu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi singathinta nemithambo yegazi exhumanisa nezitho zomzimba ezilandelayo:

• Isikhumba sakho (kungenzeka kube nezilonda zesikhumba, i-eczema, njll.)
• Amaphaphu (ukukhwehlela, ubunzima bokuphefumula kungenzeka)
• Inhliziyo (ingandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo)
• Uhlelo lwezinzwa (ukuba ndikindiki, ubuthakathaka emalungeni)
• Amehlo (angabangela ukubona okufiphele, amehlo abomvu)
• Izinso (ukusebenza kwezinso kungase kuphazamiseke)
• Ubuchopho (bungabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu, isifo sohlangothi)
• Kwama -sinus (izimo ezifana nomkhuhlane ovamile)
• Isisu namathumbu (izinto ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, uhudo olunegazi)
• Izandla nezinyawo (ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukungazweli)

Ingabe lesi simo sivame kangakanani? Ingabe siyenzeka kuwo wonke umuntu?

Cha, i-vasculitis empeleni iyisimo esingavamile kakhulu . Cabanga nje, ngisho nasezweni elithuthukile njengeMelika, imibiko yezokwelapha ithi amacala amasha angaphansi kuka-50 alesi sifo akhula kubantu abayisigidi ngonyaka. Lokho kusho ukuthi yisifo esingavamile kakhulu.

Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Kodwa-ke, kusavamile ngisho nakulelo qembu leminyaka. Ngisho naphakathi kwalabo bantu, bangaphansi kuka-300 kwabayisigidi abatholakala benalesi sifo minyaka yonke. Ngakho-ke, akukho okufanele ukwesabe uma uzwa lokhu, akusona isifo esithinta wonke umuntu.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-vasculitis?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-30 ezahlukene ze-vasculitis! Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-vasculitis onalo. Kuzoncika ekutheni imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho (emikhulu, ephakathi nendawo, emincane) ithintekile, kanye nemiphumela yezinye izivivinyo. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• I-vasculitis ehlobene ne-ANCA (lokhu kufaka phakathi nezinhlobo ezithile ezibizwa ngokuthi i-granulomatosis ene-polyangiitis (GPA) , i-polyangiitis encane (MPA) , kanye ne-eosinophilic granulomatosis ene-polyangiitis (EGPA) )
• I-Polyarteritis nodosa
• I-IgA vasculitis (iHenoch-Schönlein purpura) (lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane)
• I-vasculitis ye-rheumatoid (ehlotshaniswa nezifo ezifana ne-arthritis)
• I-vasculitis yesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi (ithinta imithambo yegazi yesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi, okungukuthi, ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla)
• I-giant cell arteritis (lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala, futhi kuthinta imithambo yegazi ekhanda)
• I-Takayasu arteritis (lokhu kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abasebasha futhi kuthinta umthambo wegazi omkhulu osuka enhliziyweni)
• Isifo sikaBehçet(Iza nezilonda emlonyeni nasezithweni zangasese)
• I-urticarial vasculitis (iza nokuqubuka kwesikhumba)
• Isifo se-Kawasaki ( futhi uhlobo lwe-vasculitis oluthinta kakhulu izingane ezincane)
• Kukhona nezinhlobo ze-vasculitis ezivame ukwenzeka ezinganeni .

Yiziphi izimpawu umuntu one-vasculitis angase azibone?

Lezi ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile ze-vasculitis:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqina kwesifuba
• Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, mhlawumbe okunegazi
• Ukungazweli, ukusha, kanye nokuzwa ukuthuthumela emilenzeni
• Ukubomvu, ukuqubuka, ukushintsha kombala kwezinye izindawo, kanye nezilonda esikhumbeni
• Umkhuhlane ovamile, ngaphandle kwesizathu
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu, uzizwa sengathi akukho lutho olusebenzayo
• Ukwehlisa isisindo okungalindelekile
• Ubuthakathaka emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi emisipheni
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukuvuvukala
• Ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza
• Izinkinga zezinso (isib. umchamo omnyama, igazi emchameni, imilenze evuvukele)
• Ukuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi noma izimpawu ezifanayo (ubunzima bokukhuluma, ukugoba kolunye uhlangothi lobuso)

Kodwa khumbula, izimpawu ozizwayo zincike ngokuphelele ohlotsheni lwe-vasculitis onayo, ukuthi imiphi imithambo yegazi ethintekile, kanye nobukhali bokuvuvukala . Akuwona wonke umuntu ozoba nezimpawu ezifanayo.

Lalela umzimba wakho, themba amathumbu akho. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezintsha, izimpawu ezikwenza ungakhululeki noma ukhathazeke, ungacabangi nje ukuthi, "Lokhu kuzophela," kodwa bona udokotela.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa ye-vasculitis? Iyini imbangela?

Nakhu lapho kuba nzima khona. I-Vasculitis yisifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba . Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi siyini isifo esihlasela amasosha omzimba. Kalula nje, umzimba wethu unesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba. Kufana nebutho ezweni lakithi. Umsebenzi walolu hlelo ukusivikela ezitheni zangaphandle (njengamagciwane, amagciwane, amagciwane).

Kodwa, esifweni sokuzivikela komzimba, uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela luqala ngephutha ukuhlasela amangqamuzana ethu amahle nezicubu. Kufana nebutho lethu lihlasela abantu bakithi. Ku-vasculitis, uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela luhlasela imithambo yegazi yethu. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abasazi kahle ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka, ukuthi kungani lolu hlelo luba yinkinga.

Kodwa-ke, kutholakale ukuthi izinto ezithile zingase zibangele , noma zibangele, lesi simo se-vasculitis:

• Ezinye izifo (isib. igciwane le-hepatitis B noma i-C)
• Ezinye izifo ezizimele ezazikhona ngaphambili(isib. isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-lupus (SLE))
• Njengomphumela omubi wemithi ethile
• Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza ( ikakhulukazi umdlavuza ohlobene negazi)
• Abanye abantu bayithuthukisa ngendlela engavamile, okusho ukuthi akukho okubangela umdlavuza.

Ungayixilonga kanjani ngokunembile i-vasculitis?

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-vasculitis, uzoqala akuhlole ngokucophelela. Bazokubuza ngezimpawu zakho - ukuthi sezinesikhathi esingakanani zikhona, ukuthi ziqhubeke kanjani, yiziphi ezinye izimpawu onazo, njll. Bazokubuza nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezimo ezifanayo.

I-Vasculitis ivame ukutholakala njengengxenye yokuxilongwa okuhlukile, okuhlanganisa ukukhipha ezinye izimo . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lezi zimpawu zingabonakala nakwezinye izifo. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuthola imbangela eqondile yezimpawu zakho. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho bezoqinisekisa khona ukuthi une-vasculitis. Ezinye zezivivinyo ongase ube nazo yilezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kungabheka izimpawu zokuvuvukala (isib. i-ESR, i-CRP), izinhlobo ezithile zama-antibodies (isib. i-ANCA), kanye nokusebenza kwezitho zomzimba.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Hlola ukuthi izinso zithintekile yini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Biopsies: Lokhu kuvame ukuba ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa i-vasculitis. Ingxenye encane yezicubu ezithintekile (isib. isikhumba, izinso, amaphaphu) iyathathwa bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala emithanjeni yegazi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe:
• I-X-ray, i-CT scan, i-MRI scan: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukubona isimo sezitho ezithintekile.
• I-Angiogram: Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray okukhethekile okusebenzisa idayi ukubheka ukuncipha noma ama-aneurysms emithanjeni yegazi.
• Ezinye izivivinyo ezikhethekile ezihlola ukusebenza kwezitho ezithintekile.

Cishe uzobona udokotela wamathambo , udokotela ogxile ezifweni zamalunga kanye nezifo zokuzivikela komzimba. Ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu wokwelapha lezi zimo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-vasculitis? Ingabe ingelapheka?

Kunezinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko ekwelapheni i-vasculitis:

1. Ukulawula ukuvuvukala nokunciphisa izimpawu.

2. Ukuvimbela ukulimala okwengeziwe emithanjeni yegazi nakwezinye izitho zomzimba.

Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwe-vasculitis onayo, ubukhali bayo, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Imithi evame ukusetshenziswa yile:

• Ama-Corticosteroids:Lezi yizinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi esetshenziswa ukulawula ukuvuvukala (isib. i-Prednisolone). Isebenza ngokushesha futhi inciphisa izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi imithamo ephezulu ingabangela imiphumela emibi uma ithathwa isikhathi eside, udokotela wakho uzonciphisa kancane kancane umthamo.
• Ama-immunosuppressants: Lawa asebenza ngokulawula umsebenzi wesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esingasebenzi kahle. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi imithi efana ne-Methotrexate, i-Azathioprine, kanye ne-Cyclophosphamide.
• I-Biologics: Lezi izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha neziqondiswe kakhulu. Zisebenza ngokugxila ezingxenyeni ezithile zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvuvukala. Isibonelo, i-Rituximab.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, imithi yokucindezela kwegazi efana ne -ACE inhibitors inganikezwa, njengoba ilungele imithambo yegazi.

Ukuhlinzwa:

Uma imithambo yakho yegazi yonakele kakhulu yi-vasculitis, njengokuthi imincane kakhulu noma ine-aneurysms, ungadinga ukuhlinzwa. Isibonelo, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze i-angioplasty ukuze wandise umthambo wegazi oncishisiwe noma uhlinzwe ukuze udlule ingxenye eyonakele. Udokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo uzokuchazela ukuthi hlobo luni lokuhlinzwa oludingayo nokuthi yini ongayilindela.

Ingabe i-Vasculitis ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Nakhu okubalulekile ukwazi: I-Vasculitis ivame ukungelapheki ngokuphelele . Kuyisifo esingamahlalakhona, okusho ukuthi sihlala isikhathi eside.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Ngemva kokuba isifo sesilawulekile ngokwelashwa okuhle, ungangena esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi ukuxolelwa . Ukuxolelwa yisikhathi lapho isifo sithule futhi singenazo izimpawu. Kwabanye abantu, lesi sikhathi sokuxolelwa singahlala izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuhlala ngaphansi kokuqashwa ngudokotela, njengoba izimpawu zingaphinde zibuye.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela i-vasculitis?

Ngeshwa, odokotela abakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-vasculitis, ngakho-ke ayikho indlela eqinisekile yokuyivimbela . Akunakwenzeka futhi ukubikezela ukuthi ubani ozoyithola nokuthi ubani ongeke ayithole.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngine-vasculitis?

Uma kutholakala ukuthi une-vasculitis, kufanele ulungele ukuphatha nokuphila nalesi simo isikhathi eside, mhlawumbe ngisho nokuphila kwakho konke.Ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu ezibucayi, kuzodingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela njalo ukuze aqaphe isimo semithambo yegazi nezitho zomzimba wakho, njengokuhlolwa kwegazi. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele ubonane kangaki nodokotela nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo okufanele uzenze.

Khumbula ukuthi noma ngabe ubuyela esimweni sokuphumula, okusho isikhathi esingenazo izimpawu, izimpawu ze-vasculitis zingase ziphinde zivele esikhathini esizayo.

Ngingazinakekela kanjani kahle?

• Hlala unake izimpawu zakho. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezintsha, izimpawu ezintsha, noma izimpawu eziya ziba zimbi, gcina incwadi yakho yezenzakalo.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho bese ulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa olukufanele. Thatha umuthi ngesikhathi esifanele nangesilinganiso esifanele.
• Ungayeki ukuya kudokotela.
• Uma unomuzwa wokuthi ukwelashwa akusebenzanga, noma akuphumelelanga njengakuqala, ungangabazi ukubona udokotela wakho umtshele ngakho .
• Landela indlela yokuphila enempilo. Uma ubhema, uyeka, udle ukudla okulinganiselayo, bese uvivinya umzimba njengoba uqondiswe udokotela wakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela? Kuziphi izimo?

• Uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha , noma uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
• Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele uze kangaki ukuze uthole ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, noma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Ungaweqi lawo ma-aphoyintimenti.

Izimo eziphuthumayo:

Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, lezi kungaba yizimo eziphuthumayo. Ngakho-ke iya esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha, noma ushayele isevisi ye-ambulensi ephuthumayo njengo-1990:

• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula , uma isifuba sakho sizwakala siqinile.
• Uma uzizwa sengathi uhlaselwa yinhliziyo (ubuhlungu obukhulu phakathi nesifuba sakho, ubuhlungu obuvela engalweni yakho yesobunxele, entanyeni, emhlathini, ekujulukeni, nasesicanucanu).
• Uma umbono wakho uba mubi ngokuzumayo, noma uma ulahlekelwa umbono wakho ngokuzumayo .
• Uma ubhekene nezimpawu zesifo sohlangothi (isib., ukugoba kolunye uhlangothi lobuso, ukungazweli engalweni, ubunzima bokukhuluma).

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma ubona udokotela wakho, ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo efana nale. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono isimo sakho:

• "Nginaluphi uhlobo lwe-vasculitis, dokotela?"
• "Yimiphi imithambo yegazi/izitho zomzimba wami ezithinteka kakhulu yilokhu?"
• "Yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo engizodinga ukuzenza?"
• "Ingabe kuzodingeka ngiqhubeke nokuphuza imithi? Hlobo luni lwemithi?"
• "Yimiphi imiphumela emibi yalo muthi?"
• "Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa?"
• "Yiziphi izinguquko okufanele ngizenze ekudleni kwami ​​nasendleleni yami yokuphila?"
• "Yiziphi izimpawu zokuqala engingazibona uma lesi sifo siphinde sibe sibi kakhulu?"

Okokugcina, izinto okudingeka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke i-vasculitis ukuvuvukala, noma ukuvuvukala, kwemithambo yakho yegazi. Kuyisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ngisho noma unezimpawu ezincane kuphela, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho futhi uthole ukuhlolwa njalo . Yilapho-ke ungaqapha khona imithambo yakho yegazi ukuze uthole izinguquko, ubone ukuthi i-vasculitis ibangela umonakalo ezithweni zakho ezibalulekile, nokuthi ungayivimbela kanjani ukuthi ingenzeki.

I-Vasculitis ayithinti wonke umuntu ngendlela efanayo, ngakho ngezinye izikhathi ingazwakala idida kancane futhi kunzima ukuyiqonda. Kodwa thembela emathunjini akho kanye nezimpawu zomzimba wakho. Ungalokothi ungazinaki noma ungazinaki izimpawu ezintsha noma ezishintshayo . Uma unemibuzo, ukukhathazeka, noma ukwesaba, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Angakusiza ukuthi uqonde kahle ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho, ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okudingayo, nokuthi ungaphila kanjani nalesi simo. Awuwedwa, futhi kunodokotela abangakusiza kulolu hambo.

I- Vasculitis, ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi, izifo ezizimele, izimpawu ze-vasculitis, ukwelashwa kwe-vasculitis, ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi, i-rheumatology