Kuyini i-intersex? Ake sixoxe ngakho kalula!

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi 'Intersex' noma awukaze ulizwe. Kalula nje, kusho ukuthi uhlelo lokuzala lomuntu noma izici zobulili azihambisani kahle nezigaba ezivamile zabesilisa noma abesifazane. Lokhu kungase kubonakale kuyindaba eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ungakhathazeki , sizoyihlukanisa ngamagama alula ongawaqonda.

Kuyini ngempela ubulili obuphakathi?

Cabanga ngakho, sonke sivame ukucabanga ukuthi sizalwa siyintombazane noma umfana. Kodwa-ke, uma kuziwa ku-intersex, izici zobulili zomzimba womuntu, okungukuthi, izitho zokuzala, ama-chromosome, ama-hormone, njll., azizona ezalolu hlobo lokuhlukaniswa okucacile kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zici zingabonakala ekuzalweni. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, zingavela ngesikhathi sokuthomba noma ngisho nangemva kwalokho, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nasebudaleni. Into exakile ukuthi, ngezinye izikhathi awukwazi ukubona lutho ngaphandle. Ngezinye izikhathi uthola lokhu kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa noma uhlobo oluthile lokuhlolwa kwezithombe.

Ingabe lesi yisifo? Noma ukugula?

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu uhlobo oluthile lwesifo noma isimo. Kodwa empeleni, i-Intersex akuyona isifo, ukugula, noma yiluphi uhlobo "lwesimo" esingavamile. Esikhathini esidlule, yayibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Disorder of Sex Development' (DSD), okusho ukuthi 'isifo sokuthuthukiswa kocansi'. Usengakubona kubhekiselwa ngaleyo ndlela kwezinye izindawo. Kodwa manje odokotela nalabo abanolwazi ngale ndaba bathi i-Intersex akuyona 'isifo' esinjalo, kodwa kunalokho iwukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kobulili babantu . Ngakho-ke, ukuba nesimo se-Intersex akusho ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile.

Yiziphi izingxenye zomzimba ezingathinteka yizimo zobulili obuhlukile?

Lesi simo singathinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba wakho, ikakhulukazi:

• Izitho zangasese: Okusho ukuthi, izingxenye zangaphandle zobulili zowesilisa noma owesifazane.
• Ama-chromosome: Izinto ezincane kuwo wonke amaseli ethu eziqukethe ulwazi lwethu lwezakhi zofuzo.
• Ama-hormone: Njengezithunywa zamakhemikhali ezilawula imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene emzimbeni.
• Uhlelo lokuzala: Uhlelo lwezitho ezihilelekile ekuzaleni izingane.
• Ama-gonad: Lawa ama-ovari kwabesifazane noma ama-testicles kwabesilisa.

Kuvame kangakanani ubulili obuphakathi?

Ungase ucabange ukuthi lokhu kuyinto engavamile, into ongayiboni njalo. Kodwa akunjalo. E-United States, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-100 unezici zobungqingili. Emhlabeni wonke, cishe u-2% wabantu unezici zobungqingili.Kuthiwa izici zobulili obuhlukile zikhona. Ngakho-ke, lokhu akuyona into engavamile njengoba sicabanga, akunjalo?

Yini ebangela lokhu?

Ayikho imbangela eyodwa eqinisekile ye-intersex. Lokho kusho ukuthi kunzima ukusho ngqo ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. Kodwa ososayensi nodokotela bakholelwa ukuthi kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona.

Ezinye izici zobulili obuhlukile zingadluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye (ezizuzwe ngofuzo). Cabanga ngakho, ezinye izici emindenini yethu (njengokuphakama, umbala wesikhumba) zidluliselwa ngofuzo, yingakho kunjalo. Kodwa lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane.

Ngezinye izikhathi, kungabangelwa izinguquko zamahomoni ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu, izigaba zokuqala zokukhula komntwana esibelethweni . Kungaba ushintsho emazingeni emvelo amahomoni kamama, noma kungaba umphumela wamahomoni okwenziwa avela emithini yangaphandle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho:

• Izinguquko ku-gene (i-receptor gene) ezihlobene ne-hormone i-androgen: I-Androgen iyi-hormone esiza kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezici zesilisa. Ukuze le hormone ithinte amaseli omzimba, lawo maseli kumele abe 'ne-receptor' ehambisanayo. Uma kukhona ushintsho ku-gene eyenza le receptor, noma ngabe i-androgen hormone ikhona, umzimba awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa kahle.
• Ingxenye engekho noma engafakwanga endaweni eqondile ye-Y gene (SRY): I-SRY gene, evame ukutholakala ku-Y chromosome, inesibopho sokuthuthukiswa kwezici zesilisa. Uma kunenkinga ngale gene, ukuthuthukiswa kocansi kungashintshwa.
• Ezinye izimo zofuzo ezingabangela amazinga ama-hormone angajwayelekile athinta ukukhula kwezitho zobulili: Ezinye izimbangela zofuzo zingafaka phakathi ukuntuleka kokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone adingekayo ekukhuleni kobulili, noma ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone athile.

Isimo sobulili obuphakathi sibonakala kanjani emzimbeni wami?

I-Intersex yisimo esiyingqayizivele esizibonakalisa ngendlela ehlukile kumuntu ngamunye. Njengeminwe yethu, ulwazi lomuntu wonke nge-intersex luhlukile. Ososayensi bathi kunezindlela ezingaba ngu-40 ezahlukene lezi zici ezingabonakala ngazo . Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuzihlukanisa zibe yinto eyodwa: 'Yilokhu okushiwo yi-intersex.'

Kodwa-ke, ake sixoxe ngezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu:

• Ukwehlukahlukana kwama-Chromosome: Sonke sinama-chromosome ngaphakathi kwamaseli emizimba yethu. Lawa yiwo aphethe ulwazi lwethu lwezakhi zofuzo. Ngokuvamile, owesifazane unama-chromosome angu-XX kanti owesilisa unama-chromosome angu-XY. Lokhu kungaba okuhlukile kumuntu othandana nobulili obuhlukile.
• Isibonelo, abanye abantu bangase babe nokwakheka kwe-chromosome ye-XXY (i-Klinefelter syndrome) .
• Ezinye zine-chromosome eyodwa kuphela ye-X (i-XO-Turner syndrome).(Lokhu kuthinta nalabo abahlukaniswa njengabesifazane, kodwa futhi bangabonisa izici zobulili obuhlukile).
• Ngezinye izikhathi, amanye amangqamuzana emzimbeni angaba nama-chromosome angu-XX kanti amanye amangqamuzana ane-chromosome engu-XY. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-mosaicism' .
• Kungaba nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlanganiswa kwama-chromosome njengale. Lezi zinguquko zama-chromosome zingathinta amazinga ama-hormone omzimba kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezitho zobulili.
• Izici ezixubile zezitho zangasese zangaphandle nezangaphakathi:
• Abanye abantu abangobulili obuhlukile bangase babukeke njengabesifazane ngaphandle, kodwa babe nezicubu zokuzala zesilisa, njengama-testicles, ngaphakathi. Noma, bangase babe nezitho zokuzala zesilisa ngaphandle, kodwa babe nezicubu zokuzala zesifazane, njengeziqanda noma isibeletho, ngaphakathi.
• Kwamanye, izicubu zesibeletho kanye nezicubu zamasende zingase zibe khona, mhlawumbe zihlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze zakhe 'ama-ovotestes' .
• Izitho zangasese zangaphandle zingase zingacaci , hhayi ukuthi zingowesilisa noma owesifazane ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, kungase kube ne-clitoris enkulu kunejwayelekile noma i-penis encane kunejwayelekile. Noma, indawo yomgodi wesitho sangasese sangasese ingahluka.
• Ngenxa yalokhu kwehluka, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukusho ngokushesha ukuthi umntwana uzalwa nini, 'Ingabe intombazane?'

Ingabe ukuba ngumuntu othandana naye ngokobulili obuhlukile kuthinta indlela engithanda ngayo ucansi?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Ukuba yi-intersex akunandaba nokuthambekela kwakho kocansi. Isimo se-intersex asithinti ukuthi ukhangwa yini ngabantu bobulili obuhlukile (ngokuqondile), abathandana nabobulili obufanayo/abathandana nabobulili obufanayo, abathandana nabobulili obufanayo, abangathandi ucansi, noma banesimo sengqondo socansi esihlukile. Umuntu othanda ubulili obufanayo angaba yinoma ubani onesimo sengqondo socansi.

Ingabe umuntu othandana nobulili obuhlukile uyi-hermaphrodite?

" Cha, akunjalo nhlobo. Igama elithi 'hermaphrodite' alikho ngempela ngokwezinto eziphilayo kubantu. Liyigama elidala kakhulu, elingafanele. Lisho ukuthi umuntu ungowesilisa ngokuphelele futhi ungowesifazane ngokuphelele ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokho akunakwenzeka ngokwezinto eziphilayo. Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi emphakathini wabantu abathandana nabobulili obuhlukile bathola lelo gama lingahloniphi, liyacasula, futhi lihlazisa. Ngakho-ke, amagama afanele yi-Intersex kanye ne-'ukuba yi-intersex'."

Ingabe abantu abathandana nabobulili obuhlukile badinga ukuhlinzwa noma ukwelashwa?

"Uma ungumuntu othandana nobulili obuhlukile, ngokuvamile awudingi ukuhlinzwa."– Uma nje uthanda. Kodwa-ke, esikhathini esidlule, izingane ezizalwa zinezici zobulili obuhlukile zazihlinzwa ukuze izitho zazo zangasese zivumelane nobulili ezazinikezwe zona lapho zizalwa, noma ukuze kususwe izicubu zokuzala (njengezicubu ze-gonadal) ezingafanelani. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwakuvame ukwenziwa ingane ingakafiki ngisho neminyaka emibili ubudala. Ngaleso sikhathi, odokotela nabazali babecabanga ukuthi kuhle ngekusasa lomntwana.

Kodwa-ke, muva nje, amalungu omphakathi we-intersex kanye nezishoshovu bebelokhu bekhuluma ngokumelene nalokhu kuhlinzwa. Bathi akudingekile ngoba kungathinta ukusebenza kocansi kwengane esikhathini esizayo, ukuzala, kanye nempilo yengqondo. Baphikisana ngokuthi abazali kufanele bavumele izingane zenze izinqumo ngemizimba yazo, okuhlanganisa ukuthi kufanele zihlinzwe yini nokuthi hlobo luni lokwelashwa ezilufunayo, kuze kube yilapho sezikhule ngokwanele ukuqonda .

Izinhlangano eziningi zezokwelapha zamazwe ngamazwe, njenge-American Academy of Family Physicians, zisekela ilungelo labantu abangongqingili lokwenza izinqumo ngemizimba yabo. Lokhu kusho ukulinda baze bakhule ngokwanele ukunikeza imvume enolwazi . Okusho ukuthi, ukuvumela umuntu ukuba aqonde ngokugcwele isimo sakhe, izinzuzo nezingozi zokuhlinzwa, futhi azenzele izinqumo zakhe ngakho.

Ziyini izingozi zokuhlinzwa kobulili obuhlukile?

"Ukuhlinzwa okufana nalokhu, ikakhulukazi okwenziwa esemncane, kungaba nezingozi ezithile. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ukuncipha kokuzwela kanye nokusebenza kocansi: Ukuhlinzwa kungalimaza imizwa.
• Ukungazali: Kubangelwa ukususwa noma ukulimala kwezicubu zokuzala.
• Izibazi: Kungathinta kokubili ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo noma ubunzima bokuchama.
• Ukutheleleka njalo kwe-urinary tract (UTIs).
• Imiphumela yengqondo: Ukukhathazeka nentukuthelo ebangelwa ukungakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngomzimba wakho.

Yingakho, ngaphandle kokuba kunesizathu esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, abantu abaningi manje bethi ukuhlehlisa ukuhlinzwa okunjalo kuze kube yilapho umuntu esemdala ngokwanele ukuba aqonde.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezihlobene nesimo sobulili obuhlukile?

"Isikhathi esiningi, abantu abane-intersex baphilile ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, ukuthi kube nezinye izinkinga eziningana zempilo ezingahlotshaniswa nesimo se-intersex:

• Izinkinga zamathambo, njenge-osteopenia kanye ne-osteoporosis – lokhu kungabangelwa ukungalingani okuthile kwama-hormone.
• Kukhona ingozi encane yokuthola izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza (ikakhulukazi uma kunezicubu ze-gonadal ezingakakhuli kahle emzimbeni).
• Ezinye izimo ezihlobene nama-hormone, isibonelo 'i-Congenital adrenal hyperplasia' noma 'i-Androgen insensitivity syndrome'.
• Imbobo ye-urethra ikwelinye icala lepenis (Hypospadias) noma ayikho imbobo ye-urethra.
• I-Klinefelter syndrome - Isimo esibangelwa abesilisa abane-chromosome X eyengeziwe.
• I-Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome - Isibeletho kanye nesitho sangasese sowesifazane akukhuli njengoba kulindelekile.
• I-Swyer syndrome - ukwehluleka ukwakha izindlala zobulili.

"Kodwa khumbula, akuzona zonke lezi zifo ezithinta bonke abantu abathandana nabobulili obuhlukile. Lezi azivamile. Futhi, uma zikhona lezi zimo, zingelashwa."

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngingumuntu othandana nobulili obuhlukile?

"Uma wazalwa unemehluko ohlukile ezithweni zakho zobulili, ungase ungazi ukuthi ungumuntu othandana nobulili obuhlukile. Ungase ungazazi empilweni yakho. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kamuva empilweni ungase ubhekane nezinto ezinjengalezi:

• Ukuthomba akwenzeki ngesikhathi esilindelekile. Isibonelo, intombazane engayiqali isikhathi sayo ngesikhathi esilindelekile, noma umfana ongenayo izimpawu ezifana nezwi elijulile noma ukukhulisa intshebe.
• Ngesikhathi sokuthomba, kwenzeka izinguquko ezingahambisani nobulili bakho obubhalisiwe. Isibonelo, ukukhula kwamabele kumfana, noma ukujula kwezwi entombazaneni, noma ukukhula ngokweqile kwezinwele emzimbeni.
• Ubunzima bokukhulelwa izingane (ukungazali). Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu bathola kuphela ukuthi bangabantu besifazane noma besifazane lapho bezama ukuba nomntwana.

"Uma uhlangabezana nento efana nale, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela bese uthola iseluleko. Bangenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi bakunike ukuqonda okucacile ngalokhu."

Ingabe ukuba phakathi kobulili obuhlukile kuthinta ukuzala?

"Uma ungumuntu othandana nobulili obuhlukile, ukuthi ungaba nomntwana yini kuncike ezintweni eziningana. Kuncike esimweni sakho esithile sobulili obuhlukile, ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yakho yokuzala, njalo njalo. Abanye abantu abathandana nobulili obuhlukile bangaba nabantwana ngokwemvelo. Kwabanye, kungaba nzima."

Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abathandana nabobulili obuhlukile bayakwazi ukuhola imindeni nokukhulisa izingane.Lokhu kungadinga ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuzala obusizayo (ART). Lokhu kungafaka izindlela ezifana nokufaka umanyolo ngaphakathi kwe-vitro (IVF), ukusetshenziswa kwamaqanda anikelwe, isidoda noma ama-embryo, noma ukusetshenziswa komthwali wokukhulelwa/i-surrogate.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma unesifiso sokuthola umntwana, ukhulume nodokotela ngakho bese uthola ukuthi yiziphi izinketho onazo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu: ukwesekwa nokuqonda

"Ukuba yi-intersex, ikakhulukazi uma uqala ukufunda ngakho, kungaba imibuzo eminingi. Ungase uzizwe wesaba, ukhathazekile, noma unesizungu. Abantu be-intersex bangase bazizwe bengelutho ngokubukeka kwabo noma bakuthole kunzima ukulingana nontanga yabo. Ukuxhumana nabanye abaqonda lezi zinselele kungaba usizo kakhulu."

Kuhle ukuzizwa sengathi unomuntu okuqondayo futhi okulalelayo. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho bese uthola ulwazi ngamaqembu okusekelana nezinye izinsiza ezingasiza abantu abanjengawe. Ungathola futhi ulwazi namaqembu okusekelana ku-inthanethi.

"Khumbula, awuwedwa. Baningi abantu abasiqondayo lesi simo futhi abangakusekela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nomuntu omethembayo ngemizwa yakho."

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

"Kulungile-ke, nansi ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• Ubulili obuhlukile akusona isifo. Kuwuhlobo olungokwemvelo lobulili babantu.
• Lesi simo singathinta izinto ezifana nezitho zobulili, ama-chromosome, nama-hormone.
• Izici zobulili obuhlukile zingabonakala ekuzalweni, ngesikhathi sobusha, noma kamuva. Zingase zingabonakali emhlabeni wangaphandle.
• Ungasebenzisi igama elithi 'hermaphrodite'. Liyiphutha futhi liyacasula. Igama elifanele yi-Intersex.
• Kunempikiswano enkulu mayelana nokuhlinzwa kwezingane ezi-intersex. Kunombono oqinile wokuthi ngaphandle kokuthi kunesizathu esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, kungcono ukulinda kuze kube yilapho ingane isikhule ngokwanele ukunikeza imvume enolwazi .
• Abantu abaningi abathandana nabobulili obuhlukile baphila impilo enempilo nejabulisayo, futhi bayakwazi ukuba nemindeni nokukhulisa izingane.
• " Uma unemibuzo ngalokhu, ungazikhathazi wedwa. Khuluma nodokotela omethembayo, umeluleki, noma iqembu lokusekelana nabantu bobulili obuhlukile. Uma udinga usizo, ungesabi ukulucela."

Ubulili obuhlukile, intuthuko yocansi, impilo yokuzala, ama-chromosome, ama-hormone, ubunikazi bobulili, i-DSD