Zinjani izinso zakho? Ake sithole impendulo ngokuhlolwa kwe-(eGFR)!

Wake wabona inani elibizwa ngokuthi `(eGFR)` embikweni wokuhlolwa kwegazi? Mhlawumbe udokotela ukutshelile ngalokhu. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kubantu abaningi, `(eGFR)` empeleni ukuhlolwa okulula okusitshela ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yezinso zethu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngezinto eziningi ngamagama alula, njengokuthi `(eGFR)` iyini, yini engasitshela yona, nokuthi ibaluleke kubani.

Ziyini izinso? Kusho ukuthini ngempela ukuthi `(eGFR)`?

Kalula nje, izinso zethu zifana nezihlungi ezimbili ezincane emzimbeni wethu. Lezi zinezigidi zezihlungi ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi `(glomeruli)`. Lezi yizo ezihlunga imfucuza engafuneki kanye nobuthi egazini lethu bese zikukhipha njengomchamo. Cabanga ngakho njengesihlungi samanzi esihlanza amanzi.

Manje, leli `Izinga Lokuhlunga Le-Glomerular Elilinganiselwe (i-eGFR)` liyinani elilinganisa ukuthi lingakanani igazi elihlanzwa ngomzuzu yizihlungi ezibizwa ngokuthi `(glomeruli)` ezinso zakho, uma kuqhathaniswa nosayizi womzimba wakho. Ngokuvamile, uma wenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi, uthola leli nani `(eGFR)` njengengxenye ye `(iphaneli ye-metabolic eyisisekelo)`.

Leli nani `(eGFR)` libaluleke kakhulu kodokotela ukuze banqume ukuthi kukhona yini inkinga ngezinso zakho, ikakhulukazi isifo sezinso . Izinso zethu ziyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesistimu yomchamo . Lapho kuvela isifo sezinso, ijubane lokuhlanza igazi lalezi zihlungi liyancipha. Ngemuva kwalokho, ubuthi obuyingozi buqala ukuqongelela egazini.

Ngeshwa, izimpawu zesifo sezinso, njengokuchama njalo kanye nokuqaqamba kwemisipha, zingase zingaveli kuze kube yilapho izinso sezilahlekelwe cishe yi-40% yomsebenzi wazo. Yingakho ukuhlolwa kwe-eGFR kubalulekile. Kungasithola lesi sifo kusenesikhathi futhi kuqale ukwelashwa ukuze kuncishiswe noma kumiswe umonakalo wezinso.

Ubani lo kuhlolwa kwe-`(eGFR)` okubaluleke kakhulu kuye?

Odokotela basebenzisa isivivinyo se-eGFR ukuze babone ukuthi isifo sezinso sesiqalile yini, kanye nokunquma isigaba salesi sifo kumuntu osevele enesifo sezinso.

Abantu abanezimo ezithile zempilo basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga zezinso. Uma unezinye zalezi zimo, noma uthatha imithi yazo, udokotela wakho angase aqaphe impilo yezinso zakho njalo esebenzisa isivivinyo se-eGFR:

• Uma unezinkinga zokuzalwa ezithinta ukusebenza kwezinso.
• Uma unesifo semithambo yenhliziyo noma isifo senhliziyo .
• Uma unesifo sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus) .
• Uma kukhona emndenini oke waba nesifo sezinso .
• Uma unezifo zomgudu womchamo ezivame ukwenzeka (UTIs) noma ukuvaleka komchamo .
• Uma une -high blood pressure .
• Uma unomlando wokubhema .
• Uma ukhuluphele kakhulu .

Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanalezi zici eziyingozi ukuthi baqaphele inani labo le-eGFR.

Odokotela bathola kanjani leli nani `(eGFR)`?

Eqinisweni, izivivinyo ezilinganisa ngokunembile izinga lapho igazi lokuhlunga izinso (i-GFR) lihlungwa khona ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Yingakho zivame ukwenziwa kuphela ngocwaningo noma ezimweni ezikhethekile, njengokufakelwa kwezinso. Esikhundleni salokho, odokotela basebenzisa ifomula ukuthola inani elilinganisiwe, elibizwa ngokuthi i-"eGFR". Le fomula isekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho le-"serum creatinine", kanye nolwazi olufana neminyaka yakho nobulili .

Manje, kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-`(serum creatinine)` ? Kulinganisa izinga lomkhiqizo ongcolile obizwa ngokuthi `(creatinine)` egazini lakho. Umzimba wethu ukhiqiza ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi `(creatinine)`, okuyiyona enika imisipha yethu amandla. Uma imisipha yethu isebenzisa la mandla, izicubu zemisipha ziyaphuka, bese umkhiqizo ongcolile onobuthi obizwa ngokuthi `(creatinine)` ukhishwa egazini. Izinso eziphilile zihlunga lo mkhiqizo onobuthi obizwa ngokuthi `(creatinine)` egazini futhi ukhishwa emzimbeni uma uchama. Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo sezinso, le `(creatinine)` ihlala egazini futhi iqala ukuqongelela kancane kancane.

Ukuze abale i-eGFR yakho, udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa okuthile okufana nohlelo lokubala lwe-National Kidney Foundation. Lokhu kuthintwa yizici ezilandelayo:

• Izinga lakho le-creatinine.
• Ubudala.
• Ubulili.
• Ukuphakama nesisindo.
• Uhlanga kanye/noma ubuzwe (lokhu kuthinta nezinye izibalo).

Yini okufanele uyenze ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi `(Serum Creatinine)`?

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-`(serum creatinine)` kuyazwela kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ungase ucelwe ukuthi uzile ukudla (uzile ukudla) , okusho ukuphuza uketshezi kuphela futhi ungadli ukudla okuqinile, isikhathi esithile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Ungase ucelwe nokuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile isikhashana.

Enye into ukuthi udokotela wakho angakweluleka nokuthi ugweme ukudla inyama ephekiwe ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlolwa. Ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukudla inyama kungakhuphula amazinga e-creatinine okwesikhashana. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuqaphela lezi zinto ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile.

Asho ukuthini amanani `(eGFR)`?

Odokotela balinganisa i-eGFR ngamamililitha ngomzuzu, ihlukaniswe ngendawo yomzimba (mL/min/1.73m2) .

Amanani `(eGFR)` angahluka kuye ngobudala, ubulili, nezinye izici. Leli nani liyancipha ngokwemvelo njengoba siguga futhi silahlekelwa isisindo semisipha. Isibonelo, kuyilapho inani elijwayelekile `(eGFR)` lomuntu oneminyaka engu-20 lingaba ngu-116 mL/min/1.73m2, lingase lehle lifinyelele cishe ku-85 mL/min/1.73m2 kumuntu oneminyaka engu-60 ubudala.

Ngokuvamile, inani elithi "eGFR" elingaphezu kuka-60 lisho ukuthi ukusebenza kwezinso zakho okungenani kungama-60%. Uma inani liphezulu, kulapho ukusebenza kwezinso kubhekwa khona kangcono .

Ungase ubone amanani amabili `(eGFR)` embikweni wakho, elilodwa labamnyama kanye nelinye labangebona abamnyama. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi abantu bomdabu wase-Afrika banokukhiqizwa kwe-`(creatinine)` okuphezulu kancane kanye nesisindo semisipha kunabanye, ngakho-ke inani labo `(eGFR)` lingase libe phezulu. Njengoba ilebhu ingazi ubuzwe bakho, ngezinye izikhathi womabili amanani athunyelwa embikweni. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungase kungabi yinto efanele kithi eSri Lanka, kodwa kuhle ukwazi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela wakho achaze umbiko wakho ngokunembile.

Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-eGFR nesifo sezinso?

Uma i-eGFR yakho ingaphansi kwama-60 izinyanga ezintathu zilandelana , udokotela wakho angase akuxilonge ukuthi unesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona .

Kunezigaba ezinhlanu eziyinhloko zalesi sifo sezinso:

• Isigaba 1 (eGFR 90 noma ngaphezulu): Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungase kube nomonakalo omncane ezinso, kodwa izinso zisasebenza kahle.
• Isigaba 2 (i-eGFR phakathi kuka-60 no-89): Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinso zonakele kakhulu kunesigaba 1, kodwa zisasebenza kahle.
• Isigaba 3 (eGFR phakathi kuka-30 no-59): Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusebenza kwezinso kwehlile. Ezinye izimpawu zingase zivele kulesi sigaba.
• Isigaba 4 (i-eGFR phakathi kuka-15 no-29): Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusebenza kwezinso kubi kakhulu, kanye nomonakalo wezinso ophakathi kuya kowobunzima.
• Isigaba 5 (i-eGFR engaphansi kuka-15): Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokwehluleka kwezinso . Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinso zakho zisebenza ngaphansi kuka-15%. Lesi sigaba siyingozi kakhulu futhi singaba yingozi empilweni. Laba bantu bangadinga i-dialysis (ukuhlanza igazi ngomshini) noma ukufakelwa izinso .

Ungesabi, uma usuwazi ngalesi sigaba. Into ebalulekile ukuthi noma ngabe inani `(eGFR)` liphansi, uma litholakala kusenesikhathi futhi kwenziwa ukwelashwa okufanele kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, umonakalo wezinso ungalawulwa ngezinga elikhulu.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezilandelayo uma inani `(eGFR)` lingajwayelekile?

Uma i-eGFR yakho ingajwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu ukuze ahlole izinga lomonakalo wezinso nokuthola imbangela yalokhu kuphazamiseka:

• Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Ukuhlolwa kwe -albumin (uhlobo lweprotheni) kanye negazi emchameni. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sezinso.
• I-ultrasound yezinso noma i-CT scan:Hlola amatshe ezinso, umdlavuza wezinso, noma ezinye izinkinga zomgudu womchamo.
• Ukuhlolwa kokuhlanzwa kwe-Creatinine: Kukala amazinga e-creatinine emchameni nasegazini ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezinso: Yazi kahle uhlobo kanye nobunzima besifo sezinso.

Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe kuzonqunywa ngokusekelwe olwazini olutholwe kulezi zivivinyo.

Ngingayibona nini udokotela?

Uma unesifo sezinso, noma unezici eziyingozi zesifo sezinso, bona udokotela ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu:

• Uma udinga ukuchama njalo, uma unegazi emchameni wakho, noma uma umchamo wakho unegwebu.
• Uma isikhumba somile, siluma, noma sinombala omnyama.
• Uma uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu .
• Uma imisipha inyakaza futhi umzimba uzizwa sengathi uyaqaqamba.
• Uma unesicanucanu noma uhlanza .
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula .
• Uma izandla zakho, izinyawo, noma amaqakala akho evuvukele .

Ungazinaki lezi zimpawu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu - izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sesikhulume kakhulu nge-`(eGFR)` manje, akunjalo?

Khumbula, uma usengozini yokuthola isifo sezinso, noma uma usuvele unesifo sezinso, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha inani lakho le-"eGFR" njalo. Lokhu kusebenza nakulabo abathatha imithi ethile.

Uma i-eGFR yakho ibonisa izinga elithile lesifo sezinso, ungathatha izinyathelo zokuvikela izinso zakho ekulimaleni okwengeziwe. Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi noma isifo sikashukela. Ungathuthukisa futhi impilo yezinso ngokunciphisa isisindo (uma kudingeka), ukuzivocavoca umzimba, nokudla ukudla okunempilo nokungenasawoti omningi .

Ngakho-ke, qaphela inani lakho le-`(eGFR)`. Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Izinso ezimbili eziphilile ziyisikhuthazo esikhulu empilweni enempilo!

Izinso , i-eGFR, i-creatinine, isifo sezinso, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, impilo, ukuhlolwa komchamo