Inkinga yenhliziyo? Ake sifunde ngokuhlolwa kwe-BNP (B-type Natriuretic Peptide).

Wake wezwa ngokuhlolwa kwe-BNP? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi ukwenze, noma ubulokhu ukubheka uma unezinkinga zenhliziyo. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngokuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-BNP kuyini, ukuthi kungakutshela ini, ukuthi kwenziwa nini, nokuthi ungayichaza kanjani imiphumela.

Kuyini lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-BNP?

Kalula nje, lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-BNP kulinganisa izinga le-hormone ekhethekile egazini lakho. Le hormone ibizwa ngokuthi i-B-type natriuretic peptide , noma `(BNP)` ngamafuphi. Lokhu kunganikeza udokotela wakho umbono omuhle wokuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanjani.

Uma izinga le-`(BNP)` egazini lakho liphakeme kunokuvamile, kungasho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ayisebenzi kahle, okusho ukuthi ayipompi igazi elanele emzimbeni wakho wonke. Ngezinye izikhathi, le `(BNP)` isuswa emzimbeni yizinso, ngakho-ke noma ngabe kunenkinga ngezinso, izinga le-`(BNP)` lingaba phezulu.

Okunye, amanye amalabhorethri enza ukuhlolwa okufanayo okubizwa ngokuthi 'i-aminoterminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide'. Kufushaniswa ngokuthi `(NT-proBNP)`. Kokubili ukuhlolwa `(BNP)` kanye `(NT-proBNP)` kunikeza ulwazi olufanayo. Kodwa-ke, amanani `(NT-proBNP)` angaba phezulu ngokuphindwe kahlanu kuya kweshumi kune `(BNP)`.

Odokotela basebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuthola ukuthi unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo . Uma usunaso kakade, udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuze abone ukuthi sibi kangakanani nokuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kuyasebenza yini. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kucatshangwa ukuthi usengozini enkulu yezinkinga zenhliziyo, bangase bakwenze nalolu vivinyo.

Ngakho-ke iyini le BNP?

I-BNP ingenye yamaprotheni amaningana asiza ekulawuleni ukugeleza kwegazi emizimbeni yethu. Nakuba yenziwa yinhliziyo, ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-'brain' natriuretic peptide ngoba yaqala ukutholwa ezicutshini zobuchopho. Cabanga ngakho, kuyamangalisa impela, akunjalo?

Uyazi, inhliziyo yethu nemithambo yegazi zisebenza ndawonye ukupompa igazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. I-ventricle yesobunxele, enye yamakamelo amane enhliziyweni, yiyo epompa igazi eliningi ngenhliziyo bese ilithumela emzimbeni. Lokhu kufana negumbi eliyinhloko lokupompa lenhliziyo.

Le ventricle yesobunxele iyindawo eyinhloko yokukhiqizwa kwe-`(BNP)`. Lapho umthwalo enhliziyweni ukhuphuka, noma lapho inhliziyo ingaphansi kwengcindezi ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okuthile, izinga le-`(BNP)` liyakhuphuka. Amaseli emisipha yenhliziyo asabela kulokhu kucindezela ngokukhipha i-`(BNP).` Lokhu kunciphisa umthwalo enhliziyweni futhi kubonise izinso ukuthi zisuse usawoti namanzi emzimbeni. Yilokho okushiwo igama elithi ``Natriuretic`` - lisho okuthile okusheshisa ukususwa kwe-sodium (usawoti) namanzi emzimbeni.

Lolu vivinyo lwe-BNP lwenziwa nini?

Udokotela wakho angase akuyalele lokhu kuhlolwa ukuze ahlole amazinga aphezulu e-BNP egazini lakho, okungabonisa isifo senhliziyo .Uma kunezimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukuhlolwa kwe-BNP noma kwe-NT-proBNP kuzokwenziwa nakanjani.

Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

• Kufana nokukhwehlela okomile okuba kubi kakhulu uma uya embhedeni. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ucabange ukuthi umkhuhlane nje ovamile, kodwa kuhlukile.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuphelelwa umoya (i-Dyspnea), noma ukuphelelwa umoya. Kufanele ukhathazeke uma uzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngisho nangemva kokwenza umsebenzi omncane.
• Ukuphambana kwengqondo, isimo sokudideka nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Lokhu kungenzeka ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile.
• Ukuzumeka, ukuquleka (i-Syncope). Naka lokhu futhi uma uzizwa uqulekile, njengalapho usukuma ngokuzumayo.
• Ngikhathele kakhulu, ngizizwa ngingenampilo. Uma lokhu kukhathala kungapheli ngisho nangemva kokulala kahle, lokho kuyinkinga.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo okungajwayelekile. Uma inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha noma izwa sengathi iyagxumagxuma.
• Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla.
• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu, imilenze, amaqakala, kanye nezinyawo (i-edema). Uma lokhu kuvuvukala kufana namaqhubu uma ukubheka, lokho kuyisibonakaliso esikhethekile.
• Isidingo sokuchama njalo ebusuku (i-Nocturia).

Okubalulekile: Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kuyisimo esisongela ukuphila esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Sicela ungazinaki lezi zimpawu.

Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kusho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ayipompi igazi kahle, hhayi ukuthi inhliziyo yakho imile ngokuphelele. Khumbula ukuthi uma udokotela esekutshelile kakade ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho usazosebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuze abone ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani.

Lolu hlolo lwe-BNP (noma i-NT-proBNP) luhlonza kanjani izinkinga zenhliziyo?

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-`(BNP)` noma i-`(NT-proBNP)` kulinganisa inani le-`(BNP)` hormone (noma `(NT-proBNP)`) egazini lakho. Amazinga aphezulu ale hormone egazini asho ukuthi inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuze ipompe igazi. Kalula nje, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imisipha yenhliziyo iyeluliwe futhi ingaphansi kwengcindezi.

Yini okufanele uyilindele lapho ubhala isivivinyo?

Akukho okukhethekile okudingeka ukwenze ukuze ulungiselele lolu vivinyo lwe-`(BNP)` noma lwe-`(NT-proBNP)`. Akudingeki uzile ukudla, futhi ungaphuza amanzi. Udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi uzohlanza indawo efanele engalweni yakho bese efaka inaliti. Ngakho-ke, kuzothathwa igazi elincane emthanjeni. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane, njengokuhlaba, lapho inaliti ifakwa. Kodwa ayibuhlungu kakhulu.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ilebhu izohlola isampula yegazi lakho ukuze ibone ukuthi izinga lakho le-`(BNP)` (noma `(NT-proBNP)`) lingakanani. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngakho lapho imiphumela ibuya.

Ngemva kokwenza isivivinyo?

Ngemva kokukhishwa kwegazi, udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzokufaka ibhandishi elincane engalweni yakho. Ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu kancane lapho inaliti ifakwe khona. Ungase uzizwe unamanxeba amancane, okuyinto evamile. Lapho imiphumela ibuya, udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngayo futhi axoxe ngokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuthatha lesi sivivinyo?

Bheka, lokhu kuhlolwa, okuthatha inani elincane legazi, kungatshela udokotela wakho ulwazi oluningi olubalulekile mayelana nempilo yenhliziyo yakho. Ukuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi `(BNP)` noma `(NT-proBNP)` kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi une -heart failure . Kungaphinde kususe ezinye izifo ezinezimpawu ezifanayo. Isibonelo, ukuphelelwa umoya kungaba ngenxa yenkinga yamaphaphu. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungakusiza ukuthi uhlukanise phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili. Imiphumela yalokhu kuhlolwa izosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlele ukwelashwa kwakho futhi abone ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kangakanani.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi ngalolu vivinyo lwe-BNP?

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuvame kakhulu futhi kuphephile. Udokotela udinga igazi elincane kuphela kulokhu kuhlolwa. Ngemva kokuhlolwa, umzimba wakho uzoqala ukukhiqiza igazi futhi. Abanye abantu bangase bazizwe benesiyezi noma benamahloni ngemva kokuthola igazi. Lokhu kuvamile. Esikhathini esiningi, lo muzwa uyaphela ngemizuzu embalwa.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-BNP?

Odokotela bavame ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa uma unezimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, kungaba segumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo noma esibhedlela. Kubalulekile ukuxilonga ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo (nokususa ezinye izimo) bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi cishe uzothola imiphumela yokuhlolwa ngokushesha, ngokuvamile kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi imiphumela izotholakala nini nokuthi izosho ukuthini.

Kusho ukuthini ukuthi izinga le-BNP alijwayelekile?

Izinga elijwayelekile le-`(BNP)` kumuntu ongenazo izinkinga zenhliziyo lingaphansi kwama-picogram ayi-100 nge-milliliter (`pg/mL`). Uma izinga le-`(BNP)` liphakeme kune-100 `pg/mL`, kungaba uphawu lokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Izinga elijwayelekile le-NT-proBNP lingaphansi kuka-125 pg/mL kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-75 ubudala kanye nangaphansi kuka-450 pg/mL kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-75 ubudala. Uma izinga le-NT-proBNP lingaphezu kuka-900 pg/mL, kungaba uphawu lokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Kodwa khumbula ukuthi izinga elijwayelekile lamazinga e-BNP noma e-NT-proBNP lingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindinganiso zakho zokuhlolwa ezithile, njengoba udokotela wakho uzocabangela nezici ezifana neminyaka yakho nezinye izimo zezokwelapha.

Uthatha ama-beta blockers, ama-ACE inhibitors, kanye nama-diuretics (imithi ekwenza ukhiphe umchamo omningi) njengokwelapha ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.Uma uthatha izinto ezinjengalezi, amazinga akho e-BNP noma e-NT-proBNP angase abe ngaphansi kwalawo omuntu ongathathi leyo mithi. Futhi, uma ukhuluphele kakhulu (amafutha amaningi emzimbeni) noma unenkinga yezinso, la mazinga angase abe ngaphansi kwavamile.

Kuye ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-BNP, udokotela wakho angase acele ezinye izivivinyo, njenge- electrocardiogram (EKG noma i-ECG) . Lokhu kuhilela ukubeka izinzwa esikhumbeni sakho ukuze ziqaphe umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho, obizwa ngokuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole noma ahlole ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma ezinye izimo zenhliziyo.

Kufanele ngikhulume nini nodokotela wami mayelana nokuhlolwa kwe-BNP (noma i-NT-proBNP)?

Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho le-BNP, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungesabi ukubuza, "Dokotela, kusho ukuthini lokhu kumbiko wami we-BNP?" Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela imiphumela. Bazophinde batuse noma yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo noma ukwelashwa okungase kudingeke.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kulesi sihloko?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-aminoterminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), kuwukuhlolwa okunikeza udokotela wakho ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu mayelana nempilo yenhliziyo yakho. Kungasiza ekuxilongeni izimo ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo , ukuhlela ukwelashwa ngokufanele, nokubona ukuthi lezo zindlela zokwelapha zisebenza kahle kangakanani.

Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Uma kutholakale ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze uphile naso. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, izinguquko zokudla (njengokunciphisa usawoti namanzi), ukuzivocavoca umzimba, kanye nokuphuza imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe .

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela inhliziyo yakho. Ukuqaphela ukuhlolwa okunjalo nakho kuzoba yinzuzo enkulu kuwe. Kwangathi ungathola amandla okugcina inhliziyo yakho iphilile!

` I-BNP, i-NT-proBNP, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo senhliziyo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo, impilo yenhliziyo