Wake wezwa ukuthi uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu, 'ibutho' okufanele lisivikele ezifweni ezivela ngaphandle, ngezinye izikhathi liyaduka bese liqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana ethu amahle? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi isifo sokuzivikela komzimba. Nakuba lesi kuyisihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi, namuhla sizokhuluma ngaso kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Iyini ngempela lesifo sokuzivikela komzimba?
Cabanga ngakho, imizimba yethu ifana nezwe. Kukhona ibutho elinekhono lokuvikela leli lizwe. Leli butho liyisimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela . Umsebenzi oyinhloko waleli butho ukuhlonza izitha zakwamanye amazwe, okungukuthi, amagciwane anjengamagciwane namagciwane, ukulwa nawo nokusivikela ezifweni. Izikhali ezikhethekile abazisebenzisela le mpi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-antibodies .
Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu enesifo sokuzivikela komzimba, amasosha omzimba akhe ayaphela. Kufana namasosha enza izakhamuzi zawo zibe yizitha. Ngenxa yale nhlekelele, amasosha omzimba aqala ukukhiqiza amasosha omzimba (abizwa ngokuthi ama-autoantibodies ) ahlasela amangqamuzana ethu aphilile, izicubu, kanye nezitho zomzimba.
Kalula nje, isifo sokuzivikela komzimba yisimo lapho umvikeli womzimba wethu eba yisitha sethu.
Odokotela sebethole izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 zezifo zokuzivikela komzimba. Ezinye zalezi zithinta isitho esisodwa kuphela, kanti ezinye zingathinta umzimba wonke.
Yiziphi izifo ezivame kakhulu ze-autoimmune?
Nakuba kunezinhlobo eziningi zalezi zifo, kunezimbalwa ezivame ukuzwakala futhi zibonakala ezweni lakithi. Ake sizibheke.
| Igama Lesifo | Incazelo emfushane |
|---|---|
| Isifo Samathambo Esibangelwa Yi-Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) | Kulesi simo, amasosha omzimba ahlasela ulwelwesi oluzungeze amalunga, okubangela ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu obukhulu, futhi ekugcineni umonakalo wamalunga unomphela. |
| I-Lupus (i-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - SLE) | I-Lupus ingahlasela izicubu noma kuphi emzimbeni. Ivame ukuthinta amalunga, amaphaphu, amaseli egazi, imizwa kanye nezinso. |
| Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 1 | Lokhu kuhlasela futhi kubhubhise amaseli akhiqiza i-insulin kuma-pancreas, okuvimbela umzimba ekukhiqizeni i-insulin. |
| Izifo zesikhumba (i-Psoriasis) | Kulesi simo, amasosha omzimba atshela amangqamuzana esikhumba ukuthi ahlukane ngokushesha, okubangela ukwakheka kwamabala anombala wesiliva nanezibazi esikhumbeni. |
| I-Multiple Sclerosis (MS) | Amasosha omzimba ahlasela amangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni nasemgogodleni, okubangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu, ukubona okufiphele, ukungazweli, kanye nokuqhaqhazela kwemisipha. |
| Izifo ze-thyroid (Isifo sikaHashimoto / Graves) | Kulesi simo, ama-antibodies ahlasela i-thyroid gland. Ngezinye izikhathi ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone kungancipha (i-hypothyroidism) noma kwande (i-hyperthyroidism). |
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?
Eqinisweni, ososayensi abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela isifo sokuzivikela komzimba, kodwa kunezici eziningana okucatshangwa ukuthi zibangela lokho.
- Izakhi zofuzo: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba zingadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Uma othile emndenini wakho enalesi sifo, usengozini enkulu yokuba naso. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nezakhi zofuzo akusho ukuthi uzosithola lesi sifo.
- Ukutheleleka: Kukholelwa ukuthi ngemva kokutheleleka okuthile okubangelwa amagciwane noma amagciwane, amasosha omzimba ayayeka ukusebenza kahle futhi lolu hlobo lwesifo lungaqala.
- Izici zemvelo: Izinto ezifana nokubhema kanye nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali ahlukahlukene anobuthi nazo zingathinta lokhu.
- Imithi ethile: Nakuba ingavamile, eminye imithi ingaphazamisa amasosha omzimba. Khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo ngemithi oyiphuzayo.
Futhi, izifo zokuzivikela komzimba zivame kakhulu kwabesifazane kunabesilisa. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungenye into eyingozi.
Ziyini izimpawu?
Izimpawu zezifo ezibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isitho sithintekile kanye nohlobo lwesifo. Kodwa-ke, izifo eziningi ezibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba zinezici eziningana ezifanayo.
- Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamalunga
- Ukukhathala
- Amaphupho amabi avamile
- Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba
- Ubuhlungu besisu noma izinkinga zokugaya ukudla
- Izindlala ezivuvukile
- Ukuzizwa ungaphilile kahle
Lezi zimpawu ziyafika zidlule. Kungase kube nezikhathi zokuqubuka kwesikhumba kanye nezikhathi zokudamba.
Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Ukuxilonga isifo sokuzivikela komzimba ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima futhi kudle isikhathi, njengoba izimpawu zifana nezezinye izifo ezivamile.
Uma uya kudokotela wakho, uzoqala ngokukubuza umbuzo onemininingwane mayelana nezimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha womndeni, njll. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Lena yindlela eyinhloko. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) , okuhlola ama-autoantibodies egazini ahlasela amangqamuzana omzimba, ukuhlolwa kwe-ESR kanye ne -CRP , okuhlola ukuvuvukala egazini, kanye nokubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC).
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-X-ray, ukuskena kwe-ultrasound, kanye nokuskena kwe-MRI kungasiza ekuboneni umonakalo ezithweni zangaphakathi noma emalungeni.
Udokotela uzofinyelela ekuxilongweni okunembile ngokuhlanganisa imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo kanye nezimpawu zakho.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Akukho ukwelashwa kwezifo ezihlasela amasosha omzimba okwamanje . Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo namuhla ezingasiza ekulawuleni lezi zifo, ukunciphisa izimpawu, futhi kukusize uphile impilo evamile.
Kunemigomo emibili eyinhloko yokwelashwa:
1. Ukulawula isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esisebenza ngokweqile: Ngenxa yalokhu, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana nama-steroid kanye neminye imithi ethile enciphisa ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela (imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba).
2. Ukuphathwa kwezimpawu: Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ezimpawini, njengezinhlungu zobuhlungu, amafutha okugcoba izinkinga zesikhumba, imijovo ye-insulin yokuntuleka kwe-insulin, kanye namaphilisi ama-hormone okuntuleka kwe-hormone ye-thyroid.
Ngaphezu kwemithi, ukwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila nakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukudla ukudla okunempilo
- Ukuzibandakanya ezivivinyweni ezikufanele
- Ukulala nokuphumula okwanele
- Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka
Konke lokhu kuzosiza kakhulu ekuphatheni isimo sakho. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho nokulandela imiyalelo yakhe ngqo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba siwukuhlasela ngephutha izingxenye zomzimba wakho ezinempilo.
- Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 zalezi zifo, kanti i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-lupus, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kanye ne-psoriasis kuyizona ezivame kakhulu.
- Nakuba imbangela eqondile ingakatholakali, izakhi zofuzo, izifo, kanye nezici zemvelo zingadlala indima.
- Ukuxilongwa kungathatha isikhathi futhi kudinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nezinye izivivinyo.
- Nakuba lezi zifo zingelapheki ngokuphelele, zingaphathwa ngempumelelo enkulu ngemithi kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila.
- Uma unokungabaza noma izimpawu ngalokhu, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wakho ukuze akunike iseluleko.
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