Ukhathazekile ngokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane yakho? Ake sixoxe nge-'Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM)'!

Uma usuzobeletha, noma uma othile emndenini wakho esezoba ngumama, le ndaba izoba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngendlela yokuqapha impilo yengane, ikakhulukazi ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ngesikhathi umama esesibelethweni nangesikhathi sokubeletha. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'Ukuqapha Ingane Nge-elekthronikhi' noma '(EFM)'. Kalula nje, iqapha njalo ukushaya kwenhliziyo yengane.

Kungani kwenziwa le `EFM`? Kuyini ukubaluleka kwayo?

Cabanga ngakho, lapho umama ebeletha, okusho ukuthi lapho umntwana ezama ukuphuma, isibeletho sakhe siyafinyela. Lokhu kufinyela kungabangela ukuthi eminye yemithambo yegazi enikeza umoya-mpilo enganeni ifinyele. Ngokuvamile, lokhu akuyona inkinga enkulu enganeni , njengoba ithola umoya-mpilo eyidingayo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi amazinga omoya-mpilo angase ehle. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ungase uphawule ushintsho ekushayeni kwenhliziyo yengane.

Ngakho-ke, lokho okwenziwa yi-'EFM' ukuqapha njalo ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane, ukuhlonza noma yiziphi izinkinga kusenesikhathi, nokuthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuvikela ingane. Akuvamile, ingane ingase ibhekane nokungakhululeki okuthile (ukucindezeleka kombungu) ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo. Khona-ke le 'EFM' ingayithola ngokushesha.

Ingabe lokhu 'i-EFM' kuyinto edingwa yiwo wonke umuntu ngempela?

Manje ungase ucabange, 'Ngakho-ke kuhle ukuthi wonke umuntu enze lokhu.' Kodwa cabanga ngakho. Ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi i-EFM ejwayelekile yabesifazane abakhulelwe abasengozini encane inyuse inani lokubeletha okungadingekile kanye nokubeletha kusetshenziswa amadivayisi okuhlanza noma ama-forceps.

Futhi, akukho buhlobo obubalulekile obutholakele phakathi kwe-EFM nokuthi ngabe izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa zinamaphuzu angcono e-Apgar (amaphuzu alinganisa impilo yengane ngemva kokuzalwa), noma ukuthi izimo ezifana ne-cerebral palsy, ukubambezeleka kokukhula, ukulimala kwemizwa, noma ukuthi izinsana zingeniswa yini ezikhungweni zokunakekelwa okujulile kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa (ama-NICU) ziyancishiswa.

Odokotela abaningi bokubeletha kanye nodokotela bezifo zabesifazane bakholelwa ukuthi i-EFM ayidingeki kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abasengozini encane yezinkinga . Udokotela angahlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane ngezikhathi ezithile nge-stethoscope noma i-ultrasound. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-intermittent auscultation.

Ngakho-ke i-EFM inconywa nini?

Kulungile, ngakho-ke kunezimo ezithile lapho i-EFM inconywa khona ngokukhethekile. Ngokusho kwe-American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, uma unikezwe imithi yokubangela ukubeletha noma i-epidural yokunciphisa ubuhlungu, kufanele usebenzise i-EFM.

Futhi, uma ukukhulelwa kutholakala ukuthi kusengozini enkulu, kusetshenziswa i-EFM. Isibonelo:

• Izimo zempilo zikamama: `(preeclampsia)` (lesi yisimo somfutho wegazi ophakeme esenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa), `(isifo sikashukela)`, uma eke wabelethwa ngokuhlinzwa ngaphambilini, uma eke wopha igazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Uma ingane yakho iphuma indle ye-meconium ngesikhathi sokubeletha, lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungabonisa ukucindezeleka kombungu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-meconium, indle yokuqala yomntwana.
• Uma ingane incane (usayizi omncane wengane) noma inezinkinga zokuzalwa.

Naphezu kwalezi zincomo, odokotela abaningi bokubelethisa nodokotela bezifo zabesifazane basasebenzisa njalo i-EFM. Ngakho-ke kuwumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.

Wake wasebenzisa i-'EFM' kwezokuzijabulisa?

Yebo, ngezinye izikhathi impilo yengane iqashwa nge-EFM ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukubeletha. Ikakhulukazi uma kube nokulimala esiswini sikamama , njengangemva kwamasonto angama-20 okukhulelwa, udokotela angase atuse ukuqapha ingane nge-EFM amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-24.

Futhi, i-EFM ingasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukubeletha kuyiqiniso noma kungamanga . Ngezinye izikhathi omama bayabuzwa ubuhlungu, kodwa akusikho ukubeletha kwangempela. Izimpawu zokubeletha okungamanga zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu buhlala buthule, abuqhubeki, futhi izikhala phakathi kobuhlungu azinciphi.
• Ubuhlungu buyaphela uma uhamba, uphumula, noma ushintsha indlela oma ngayo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-'EFM' ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-'EFM'. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.

1. I-EFM yangaphandle

Lena yindlela evame kakhulu. Cishe uke wayibona ngaphambili. Udokotela wakho usebenzisa amabhande amabili e-elastic futhi unamathisela amadivayisi amabili esiswini sakho.

• Enye iyidivayisi efana ne-ultrasound. Ibekwa phezu kwendawo lapho kucatshangwa ukuthi ingane ikhona khona futhi ilinganisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane.
• Esinye i-pressure gauge. Ibekwa esiswini esingaphezulu futhi ilinganisa ukuthi ukufinyela kwesibeletho kwenzeka kangaki futhi isikhathi esingakanani. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ayikwazi ukukala ngokunembile ukuqina kokufinyela, okungukuthi, kwenzeka kangaki.

2. I-EFM Yangaphakathi

Lena inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kancane kuneyangaphandle, njengoba ihilela ukufaka imishini ngaphakathi, futhi akwenziwa kuwo wonke umuntu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa uma kunzima ukukala ngokunembile izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo nge-'EFM' yangaphandle lapho umama ehambahamba.

• Kulokhu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kulinganiswa ngokufaka ucingo oluncane (i-electrode) ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane bese lunamathiselwa ekhanda lomntwana (ngokuvamile kwenye indawo).
• Futhi, ukuze kulinganiswe ubukhali bokufinyela kwesibeletho, ipayipi elincane, elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter, lingafakwa esibelethweni.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-EFM yangaphakathi ingenziwa kuphela uma amanzi ephukile futhi umlomo wesibeletho uvuleke kancane.Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa lapho idatha evela ku-`EFM` yangaphandle ingacacile, noma lapho kudingeka ukubonwa okunembe kakhudlwana.

Isebenza kanjani le `EFM`? Ibukeka kanjani?

Womabili la madivayisi (angaphandle noma angaphakathi) axhunywe kwimonitha yangaphandle. Yilapho yonke le misebenzi iqoshwa khona ngogesi noma ephepheni (okufundwayo). Kungenzeka ukuthi ukubonile kumamuvi, lapho imigqa emibili iqoshwa khona iye phezulu naphansi.

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuthatha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane yakho bese ehlola leli shadi njalo. Ezinye izinguquko ezingeni lokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane yakho ngesikhathi sokusikwa zivamile. Kodwa-ke, izinguquko ezingase zibonise inkinga zifaka:

• Ukuba nesilinganiso senhliziyo esiphezulu kunesijwayelekile (i-tachycardia) noma isilinganiso senhliziyo esiphansi kunesijwayelekile (i-bradycardia) isikhathi eside.
• Kubonisa amaphethini angajwayelekile okunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuquleka.

Amanye amadivayisi e-EFM angase abe nama-alamu asethelwe ukuxwayisa ithimba lezokwelapha uma kukhona ushintsho oluyingozi ekushayeni kwenhliziyo yengane.

Ingabe kunzima ukuhambahamba ngenkathi ugqoke lokhu?

Yebo, kungase kube nokungakhululeki okuthile. Uma une-EFM yangaphandle, uvame ukuhlala embhedeni noma esihlalweni. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izibhedlela zinezindawo zokuqapha i-telemetry ezingenantambo ze-EFM yangaphandle. Ngemuva kwalokho ungahambahamba ngokukhululeka. Nge-EFM yangaphakathi, nakanjani kufanele uhlale embhedeni.

Yiziphi izingozi ze-'EFM'?

Nakuba i-'EFM' iyinto ewusizo kakhulu, njengakho konke okunye, ingaba nezingozi ezincane.

I-`EFM` evamile (ikakhulukazi yangaphandle) ingabangela:

• Izixwayiso ezingamanga zingabangela ukukhathazeka okungadingekile futhi ziholele ezivivinyweni ezingadingekile.
• Ikhono lokuhambahamba lilinganiselwe. Eqinisweni, ukunyakaza nokushintsha izikhundla ngesikhathi sokubeletha kungasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu futhi kwenze kube lula ukubeletha.
• Bekholelwa ngephutha ukuthi umntwana usenkingeni yokukhulelwa, kungase kwenziwe isinqumo sokubeletha umntwana kusetshenziswa ukuhlinzwa, umshini wokuhlanza, noma i-forceps, okungase kungadingeki.

Kunezinye izingozi ezithile ezengeziwe ku-'EFM' yangaphakathi:

• I-electrode (ucingo) esetshenziselwa i-EFM yangaphakathi ingabangela inxeba elincane noma ukuklwebheka ekhanda lomntwana .
• Umama angase abe nesifo sikamama (akuvamile).
• Kunethuba elincane kakhulu lokudlulisela izifo ezifana ne-HIV noma i-herpes yobulili kusuka kumama kuya enganeni (kumama abanalezi).

Izinto ezingenzeka nge-catheter (yokulinganisa ukufinyela) efakwe esibelethweni (lezi azivamile):

• Intambo yenkaba ingabanjwa.
• Isibeletho singase sibe nezimbobo.
• I-placenta ingadabuka.

Nakuba kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zingozi, kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zinto azenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Odokotela bazisebenzisa kuphela uma kudingeka ngempela.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola imiphumela? Kuthiwani uma ingane isesimweni esibucayi sombungu?

Odokotela bakho kanye nabasebenzi bobuhlengikazi bazoqhubeka nokubuka leli shadi le-EFM usuku lonke futhi bazokutshela nokuthi ingane yakho injani. Lolu ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela.

Ukufundwa okungajwayelekile kwe-EFM akusho ukuthi ingane isengozini. Udokotela angakutshela ukuthi ushintshe indlela oma ngayo (isib. jika ngakwesobunxele sakho). Ukwenza kanjalo kungathuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi lomntwana futhi kuxazulule inkinga. Umama anganikwa nomoya-mpilo owengeziwe noma usawoti.

Kodwa-ke, uma ezinye zezindlela zokushaya kwenhliziyo ziqhubeka zingajwayelekile, okusho ukuthi umntwana usebunzimeni bangempela, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi angenza yini ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha noma abelethe umntwana ngesitho sangasese kusetshenziswa idivayisi yokuhlanza noma i-forceps.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule

Ngakho-ke, cishe uyaqonda ukuthi iyini i-EFM nokuthi yenzani. Kwezinye izimo, i-EFM ingasisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umntwana uphila kahle futhi sithole noma yiziphi izinkinga ezidinga ukubeletha ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, kwabesifazane abaningi abakhulelwe kahle futhi abasengozini encane futhi abangayithathi imithi yokubeletha (ukubeletha okungenamithi), ukuqapha ingane ngogesi akudingekile.

Uma uhlela ukuba nomntwana wakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemikhuba yabo ejwayelekile mayelana ne-EFM. Ungesabi ukubuza imibuzo efana nokuthi, "Dokotela, ngizoyidinga i-EFM? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zayo uma ubheka isimo sami?" Ngokuxoxa ngezifiso zakho kusenesikhathi, ungalungela ukwenza izinqumo ezinhle kakhulu kuwe kanye nengane yakho.

Khumbula, ukukhulelwa ngakunye kanye nokubeletha ngakunye kuhlukile. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezikukhathazayo nalokho okukukhathazayo. Khona-ke ungabhekana nalesi sikhathi esibalulekile ngokuthula kwengqondo.

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane , ukuqapha kwengane ngogesi, i-EFM, ukubeletha, ukukhulelwa, ukubeletha, impilo yengane