Ubani lo dokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula!

Wake wezwa ngodokotela ' ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi '? Ungase uthole leli gama lixakile, noma ungase ungazi ukuthi bangobani. Kodwa laba yiqembu lodokotela abangochwepheshe abadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo ezihlobene nohlelo lwemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuthi bangobani laba bantu, benzani ngempela, nokuthi kuzokwenzekani uma uhlangana nodokotela onjalo, kalula nje.

Ungubani lo dokotela ohlinza imithambo yegazi?

Kalula nje, udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi ungudokotela oxilonga futhi elapha izifo ezihlobene nemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho, ngaphandle kwemithambo yegazi esenhliziyweni yakho nasebuchosheni bakho. Cabanga nje, imizimba yethu inenethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi engamakhilomitha angaba ngu-60,000 ubude, noma amakhilomitha angaba ngu-96,000 ubude! Lokhu kufaka phakathi imithambo yegazi - imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke, imithambo yegazi - imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi lisuka emzimbeni libuyela enhliziyweni, kanye nemithambo yegazi - imithambo yegazi ethwala uketshezi lwe-lymph, olusiza amasosha omzimba.

Ngakho-ke laba odokotela abahlinza imithambo yegazi bangochwepheshe abazi ngokujulile ngazo zonke lezi zithombo zegazi, indlela ezisebenza ngayo, kanye nezifo ezingase zivele kuzo. Uma kunenkinga ngemithambo yakho yegazi, laba bantu bangakusiza ukuyilawula futhi bakugcine uphilile.

Ungase uhlangane nomunye walaba odokotela ehhovisi labo, noma esibhedlela, noma ngisho noma kufanele uhlinzwe. Laba bantu banekhono elikhulu ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezinkulu zezokwelapha kanye nokusebenza nge-anatomy eyinkimbinkimbi. Eqinisweni, ngezinye izikhathi babizwa ngokuthi " udokotela ohlinzayo." Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma unesifo sokopha okungalindelekile noma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okunye, laba odokotela abahlinzayo bemithambo yegazi yibo abasizayo.

Benzani laba odokotela?

Kulungile, pho udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi wenzani ngempela? Ake sibone.

Laba bantu belapha abantu ngezifo ezithinta yonke eminye imithambo yegazi, hhayi inhliziyo noma ubuchopho bakho kuphela.

• Bazohlola ingozi yakho yokuba nezinkinga zemithambo yegazi .
• Ukuxilonga izifo.
• Ngemuva kwalokho kuzokwakhiwa uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanela wena.

Lolu hlelo lokwelashwa lungafaka imithi kanye nezinguquko emikhubeni yakho yansuku zonke – isibonelo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba kanye nokuqaphela lokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo.

Ngezinye izikhathi laba odokotela bangakusiza ukusindisa isitho sakho , ngezinye izikhathi impilo yakho . Bangavimbela izimo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi , bavimbe i-aneurysm ukuthi ingaqhekeki, futhi banciphise ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi.

Futhi, kwenziwa izinqubo ezahlukene kanye nokuhlinzwa ukuze kwelashwe izifo zemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa okungangenisi kakhulu , njengalokho okusetshenziswa i-catheter, ngokusebenzisa ukusikwa okuncane, ngisho nokuhlinzwa okuvulekile okuyinkimbinkimbi, okubandakanya ukusikwa okukhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi, benza nokwelashwa okuxubile okuhlanganisa izinzuzo zazo zombili izindlela.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi uzokwazi wena njengomuntu siqu futhi akunikeze ukwesekwa kwesikhathi eside . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izifo zemithambo yegazi zivame ukuba yizimo zesikhathi eside ezidinga ukunakekelwa iminyaka eminingi. Abantu abaningi abanezinkinga zemithambo yegazi nabo banezinye izinkinga zempilo. Ngakho-ke, izinhlelo zabo zokwelapha zingaba nzima kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela abahlinzayo bemithambo yegazi basebenza nabanye ochwepheshe ukuze bahlele ukunakekelwa kwakho.

Hlobo luni lwezifo eziphathwa yilaba bantu?

Manje ake sibheke izifo eziyinhloko ezelashwa odokotela abahlinza imithambo yegazi. Lolu hlu lungaba lude kancane, ngoba belapha izifo eziningi ezahlukene:

• Ama-aneurysms e-Aorta - Lokhu kuyiqhubu odongeni lwe-aorta yakho.
• I-atherosclerosis - Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-atherosclerosis. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ama-fat deposits eqoqana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, okunciphisa imithambo yegazi.
• Izifo zokuzivikela komzimba ezizenzakalelayo zemithambo yegazi - izifo lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona amangqamuzana omzimba.
• Amahlule egazi - Lokhu kungenzeka emithanjeni noma emithanjeni.
• Isifo semithambo ye-carotid - Lokhu ukuvaleka noma ukuncishiswa komthambo omkhulu entanyeni ohlinzeka ngegazi ebuchosheni.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi - izifo ezihlobene nemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni.
• I-ischemia esongela izitho ezingamahlalakhona yisimo esisongela ukuphila esibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwegazi eliya esithweni.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi okungapheli okubangelwa ukulimala kwemithambo emilenzeni.
• I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) .
• I-Dialysis(Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dialysis) Ukulungiselela nokunakekela ukufinyelela - Lokhu kuyadingeka kubantu abanenkinga yezinso.
• Izilonda zezinyawo ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela .
• I-Endoleak (ukuvuza kwegazi okuvela endaweni engafanele) ngemva kokwelashwa okungangenisi kakhulu i-aneurysm.
• Isimo esibangelwa ukucindezelwa komthambo esiswini (i-Median arcuate ligament syndrome - MALS) .
• Ukuncipha kokunikezwa kwegazi emathunjini (i-Mesenteric ischemia) .
• Ukucindezelwa kwemithambo yesisu (i-Nutcracker syndrome) .
• Ukucindezelwa kwemithambo yegazi kanye nemizwa entanyeni nasezingalweni (i-Thoracic outlet syndrome) .
• Ukuncishiswa kwemithambo yegazi emilenzeni (isifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle - i-PAD) .
• Imithambo yegazi engaphandle kanye nemithambo yegazi ene-aneurysms .
• I-Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome .
• Ukucindezelwa komthambo ethangeni (i-May-Thurner syndrome) .
• Isifo sohlangothi - Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kubangelwa ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi.
• I-thrombosis yemithambo yegazi engaphezulu .
• Imithambo ye-Varicose .

Uma ubheka lolu hlu, ungabona ukuthi laba odokotela baphatha izifo eziningi kangakanani. Zonke lezi zifo zibangelwa inkinga ethile ohlelweni lwemithambo yegazi.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga lesi sifo?

Odokotela abahlinzayo bemithambo yegazi kanye namaqembu abo basebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuthola izinkinga zemithambo yegazi. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Inkomba yeqakala/ye-brachial (ABI) - Lolu ukuhlolwa okulula okuqhathanisa inani lokugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni nomfutho wegazi engalweni.
• I-X-ray yesifuba - Lokhu kungaba yinto ebalulekile nakwezinye izinkinga zemithambo yegazi.
• I-CT angiogram - Lokhu kuyi-CT scan ekhethekile engathatha izithombe ezinemininingwane, ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) zemithambo yegazi.
• I-Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) - Lolu olunye uhlobo lokuskena ukuze kubhekwe imithambo yegazi. Lusebenzisa umshini we-MRI.
• I-Vascular ultrasound / i-Doppler ultrasound - Lokhu kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukubheka ukugeleza kwegazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi nokubona ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvinjelwa kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu ukuhlolwa okungenabuhlungu futhi okuphephile.

Lezi zivivinyo zisiza odokotela ukuthola ukuthi inkinga yangempela iyini ngemithambo yegazi yakho.

Hlobo luni lokuhlinzwa/ukwelashwa okwenziwa yilaba bantu?

Odokotela abahlinzayo bemithambo yegazi banekhono lokwenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha kanye nokuhlinzwa. Konke lokhu bakwenza ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho, bekhetha indlela efanele kakhulu kuwe. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-aneurysms yemithambo yegazi(Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Aneurysm) - Lokhu kungaba ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile okuvamile.
• I-Angioplasty - Inqubo yokususa i-plaque noma amahlule egazi emthanjeni noma emthanjeni bese ivula umthambo wegazi ngokufutha ibhaluni. Ngezinye izikhathi kufakwa i -stent , ipayipi elincane eline-mesh, ukuze kugcinwe umthambo uvulekile.
• Ukususwa kwe-atherectomy - Ukususwa okuncane kwamafutha (i-plaque) emithanjeni yegazi.
• Ukususwa kwe-Endarter - Enye indlela yokususa ngokuhlinzwa ama-fatty deposits emithanjeni yegazi (isb., ukususwa kwe-carotid endarter).
• Ukulungiswa kwemithambo yegazi yesisu, isifuba kanye nesifuba (i-EVAR, i-TEVAR) - Lokhu ukwelashwa okuhilela ukufaka i-catheter nge-incision encane e-groin bese udlula ngepayipi, ngaphandle kokwenza i-incision enkulu.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokudlula ekuvinjweni kwemithambo emikhulu kanye nemithambo esezithweni - ukudlula ekuvinjweni nokudala indlela entsha kusetshenziswa ucezu lomthambo oluthathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba noma ipayipi lokwenziwa.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokubopha kwe-popliteal .
• Ukufakwa kwe-stent emithanjeni yegazi.
• Ukubekwa kwesihlungi se-Vena cava - Isihlungi esincane esibekwa emthanjeni omkhulu ukuvimbela amahlule egazi akheka emilenzeni ukuthi angahambi aye enhliziyweni noma emaphashini.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwemithambo ye-Transcarotid (TCAR) ukuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni esentanyeni.
• Ukuhlinzwa kokukhipha igazi esifubeni ukuze kulungiswe ukucindezelwa kwemithambo yegazi kanye nemizwa entanyeni nasezingalweni.
• Ukulungiswa nokugcinwa kwemizila yokungena (isib. i-fistula, i-graft) ye -dialysis .
• Ukususwa kwe-Thrombectomy ukususwa kwamahlule egazi emithanjeni noma emithanjeni.
• Ukunikeza imithi yokuncibilikisa amahlule egazi (Ukwelashwa nge-Thrombolytic - amahlule avala igazi) .
• Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile ukuze kulungiswe i-median arcuate ligament syndrome .
• Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile ukuze kulungiswe idiski elihlungiwe (i-Nutcracker syndrome) .
• Ukususwa kwemithambo yegazi enganele - Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha imithambo ebuthakathaka, evuzayo emilenzeni kusetshenziswa ama-laser noma amagagasi e-radiofrequency.

Kungani uthunyelwa kudokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi?

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa okuyinhloko angakudlulisela kudokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi uma unesifo esibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi yakho ingasebenzi kahle. Cabanga ngakho, imithambo yegazi enempilo ithwala igazi kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Ngakho-ke, uma umthambo wegazi owodwa wonakele, ungathinta wonke umzimba. Yingakho odokotela abahlinzayo bemithambo yegazi benendima ebaluleke kangaka ekutholeni ukuthi yini engalungile nokuyilungisa.

Ngokuvamile, umuntu uqala ukuhlangana nodokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi uma edinga lolu hlobo lokunakekelwa okukhethekile. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, njengasesimweni esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, ungase uhlangane nomunye ngokungalindelekile.

Igama elithi 'udokotela ohlinzayo' lingase lesabe kancane. Abantu abaningi abazi kahle ukuthi uyini udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi kuze kube yilapho bemdinga. Kodwa empeleni, laba odokotela benza okungaphezu nje kokwenza ukuhlinzwa. Baphatha izinkinga eziningi ngemithi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, kanye nezinqubo ezingangenisi kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka uhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uqhubeke nokubona lo dokotela ukuze aqaphe isimo sakho ngemva kwalokho. Ngemuva kwalokho, wena nodokotela ningasebenzisana ukuqapha noma yiziphi izinkinga ezintsha ezivelayo.

Uma udokotela wakho ekuthumele kudokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi, ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi. 'Kungani ngidinga ukubona lo dokotela?', 'Kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo?', 'Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa?' Khumbula ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi odokotela abahlinzayo bemithambo yegazi belapha izimo eziningi ezahlukene futhi banezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha, ungase ungadingi ukuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, uma kudingeka ukuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi kungani nokuthi kuzokwenzekani. Xoxa nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho nabo. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungathola ukunakekelwa okufanele wena, kusukela ekuxilongweni kuya ekululameni.

Khumbula kafushane.

Kulungile, ake sikhumbule kafushane izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile kuwe kulokho esikhulume ngakho:

• Udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo yegazi uchwepheshe owelapha izifo zayo yonke imithambo yegazi ngaphandle kwenhliziyo nobuchopho bakho.
• Laba bantu abagcini nje ngokwenza ukuhlinzwa. Basebenzisa izinto eziningi njengemithi, ukushintsha indlela yokuphila, kanye nokwelashwa okuncane.
• Uma ucabanga ukuthi unenkinga yemithambo yegazi , noma uma udokotela wakho ekuthumelela kuchwepheshe onjalo, ungesabi.
• Funda ngesimo sakho kanye nokwelashwa kwakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.
• Impilo yemithambo yegazi ibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yomzimba wonke wethu , ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuyinakekela.

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi usunokuqonda okungcono ngodokotela abahlinzayo bemithambo yegazi. Uma unemibuzo ngalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela!

Udokotela Ohlinza Imithambo Yegazi, Izifo Zemithambo Yegazi, Imithambo Yegazi, Imithambo Yegazi, Ukuhlinzwa, Ukujikeleza Kwegazi