Iyini indunu? Ake sifunde ngokubaluleka kwayo nezinkinga zayo ngendlela elula!

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukukhuluma ngayo, kodwa okudingeka siyiqaphele nakanjani. Leyo yi-anus, noma ingxenye esiyibiza ngokuthi (i-anus) ngesiNgisi. Ukukwazi lokhu kahle kuzokusiza ugweme izifo eziningi futhi, uma kuvela inkinga, yiqonde ngokushesha bese ucela ukwelashwa.

Iyini ngempela i-anus?

Kalula nje, indunu yakho iyingxenye yokugcina yamathumbu akho amakhulu. Cabanga ngayo njengokuphela kwendlela ende ukudla esikudlayo okudlula kuyo. Ngokuvamile ingamasentimitha amathathu kuya kwamane ubude. Yilapho amathumbu akho amakhulu evulekela khona ngaphandle, okusho ukuthi indle yakho iphuma ngayo.

Endunu, ulwelwesi oluncane lwamathumbu amakhulu, olubizwa ngokuthi i-mucosa, lushintsha kancane kancane lube yisikhumba esijwayelekile. Lokhu kuzungezwe yizingqimba ezimbili zemisipha eqinile, efana nendandatho. Sibiza lawa ma-sphincters. Afana nezingidi ezimbili emnyango. Lawa ma-sphincters agcina indunu ivaliwe kahle kuze kube yilapho indle iphuma, okukuvimbela ukuthi ungadluli ngaphandle kokulawula.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-anus ne-rectum?

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa negama elithi (Rectum). Ungadidanisi lokhu okubili. (Rectum) yingxenye yamathumbu akho amakhulu ngaphezu nje kwendunu. Ingamasentimitha angaba mahlanu noma ayisithupha ubude. Kalula nje, (Rectum) yindawo yokugcina indle lapho kuqongelela khona.

Uma i-rectum yakho igcwele indle, imizwa lapho ithumela umlayezo ebuchosheni bakho, ithi, "Sekuyisikhathi sokuya endlini yangasese." Yilapho uzizwa unesifiso sokwenza ukunyakaza kwamathumbu. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-sphincter yangaphakathi ye-anal ikhululeka ngokwemvelo, okungukuthi, ngaphandle kokulawula kwakho. Kodwa-ke, ungakwazi ukulawula i-sphincter yangaphandle. Okungukuthi, kungenxa yokulawula kwale sphincter yangaphandle ukuthi ungakwazi ukubamba indle yakho uze ube sendaweni efanele. Uyaqonda?

Yimiphi imisebenzi ye-anus?

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-rectum ukusiza enkambisweni yokuzikhulula. Akuyona nje imbobo. Kuyindawo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

• Isaziso nokulawula: Imizwa nemisipha ezungeze indunu isebenza ndawonye njengeqembu. Yibo abakutshelayo ukuthi udinga nini ukunyakaza kwamathumbu. Yibo futhi abakusiza ukubamba ukunyakaza kwamathumbu akho uze uthole ithuba lokuya endlini yangasese.
• Ukusiza ngokunyakaza kwamathumbu: Uma usukulungele ukunyakaza kwamathumbu, lezi zinzwa nemisipha kuyafinyela futhi, kusize ekusunduzeni indle emzimbeni.
• Ukugcotshwa: Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lwe-rectum lukhipha into efana nefinyila. Lo mucus wenza indlela yendle ishelele, okuvumela indle ukuthi idlule kalula futhi ngaphandle kobuhlungu.

Iyini i-anatomy ye-anus?

Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa ngizokugcina kulula. Udonga lwangaphakathi lwe-rectum lunemigoqo, noma imigoqo, ehamba ngokuqondile kusukela phezulu kuya phansi. Lokhu kuhlukanisa i-rectum ibe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko, izingxenye eziphezulu nezingezansi.

Lezi zingqimba zibizwa ngokuthi amakholomu endunu. Phakathi kwazo kunemisele emincane ebizwa ngokuthi ama-anal sinuses. Ngaphakathi kwalezi zingqimba zendunu kunezindlala ezikhiqiza i-mucus engikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni. Ekupheleni kwalezi zingqimba kunezingqimba ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-anal valves. Lawa ma-valve aphawula umugqa lapho ulwelwesi lwe-mucous luqala khona ukuba bushelelezi, olubizwa ngokuthi umugqa we-pectinate noma umugqa we-dentate.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi imithambo yegazi kanye nesimiso sezinzwa esihlinzeka ngegazi ezingxenyeni eziphezulu nezingezansi ze-anus zihlukile kumugqa we-pectinate. Yingakho ingxenye engezansi ye-anus, okungukuthi, izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu ezingaphansi komugqa we-pectinate, izwa kakhulu ubuhlungu kanye neminye imizwa. Ama-sphincters angaphakathi nangaphandle e-anal nawo anikezwa imizwa ngendlela ehlukile. Yingakho engaphakathi (ngokungathandi), okungukuthi, singakwazi ukuyilawula, isebenza, kanti engaphandle (ngokuzithandela), okungukuthi, singakwazi ukuyilawula.

Yiziphi izifo nezinkinga ezivamile ezithinta i-anus?

I-rectum yindawo engase ihlaselwe yizifo ezahlukahlukene. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zazo.

• Ama-Hemorrhoids: Lena inkinga evamile abantu abaningi ababhekene nayo. Kalula nje, ama-hemorrhoids ayimithambo yegazi evuvukele endunu noma e-rectum. Afana nomthambo onamafindo. Uma engaphezulu komugqa we-pectinate, abizwa ngokuthi ama-hemorrhoids angaphakathi, futhi uma engaphansi kwawo, abizwa ngokuthi ama-hemorrhoids angaphandle. Lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokucindezela ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwamathumbu kanye nokuqunjelwa isikhathi eside.
• Uqhekeko lwendunu: Lokhu kuwukudabuka okuncane noma umfantu esikhumbeni esibucayi ngaphakathi kwendunu. Cabanga ngakho njengoqhekeko ekhoneni lomlomo wakho. Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwamathumbu, kanye nokopha okuthile .
• Ukutheleleka kwemvubelo yendunu: Ngezinye izikhathi, uhlobo lwemvubelo olubizwa ngokuthi i-Candida lungabangela ukutheleleka endunu nasezindaweni ezizungezile (isifunda se-perianal). Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-Candidiasis. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukulunywa nobuhlungu.
• Ama-STI endunu: Ucansi olungavikelekile lwendunu lungaholela ezifweni ezahlukahlukene (ama-STI) ezithinta indunu. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-Chlamydia, i-Genital Herpes, ama-Anal warts abangelwa yi-Human Papillomavirus (HPV), i-Syphilis, i-Gonorrhea, i-Hepatitis A, i-Hepatitis B, kanye ne-HIV.
• Ithumba lendunu / i-fistula yendunu:Indlala endunu ekhiqiza ulwelwesi ngezinye izikhathi ingavinjelwa futhi itheleleke. Lokhu kungabangela ukwakheka kwethumba ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ngemva kokuba leli thumba selashwe ngemithi noma ngokuhlinzwa okuncane, ezimweni ezingaphezu kuka-50%, indlela engavamile (i-anal fistula) ingavela isuka endunu iye esikhumbeni. Lesi yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi kancane.
• I-anal stenosis: I-stenosis iwukuncishiswa kwepayipi emzimbeni wethu. Izicubu zesibazi zingakheka ngaphakathi kwe-anus ngenxa yokulimala, ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambilini, noma isifo, okwenza indlela yendle ibe mncane.
• Ukukhubazeka kwe-Anorectal: Lesi yisimo esikhona lapho kuzalwa . Ezinye izingane zizalwa zine-anus engakhekanga kahle noma engekho nhlobo. Kulesi simo, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-anoplasty ukuze kulungiswe.
• Ukuzikhulula okubangelwa yi-Dyssynergic: Lesi simo senzeka lapho imisipha nemizwa ekusiza ukuthi uphume indle ingasebenzi kahle. Kufana ne-clutch namagiya emotweni okungasebenzi kahle uma ushintsha amagiya. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-dysynergic defecation.
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba endunu: Lapho imisipha ye-sphincter endunu iba buthakathaka noma yonakele, ungase uzwe ukuvuza kwendle ngokungenhloso. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene.
• Umdlavuza wendunu: Lolu uhlobo oluhlukile lomdlavuza kunomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu noma umdlavuza wendunu. Iningi lomdlavuza okhula emgudwini wendunu luwuhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi i-squamous cell carcinoma.

Okubalulekile: Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, akusho ukuthi unesifo. Kodwa-ke, kuwukuhlakanipha ukubona udokotela ukuze akuhlole.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingabonisa inkinga ye-rectal?

Uma unezinkinga zempilo ezihlobene ne-rectum yakho, ungase ube nalezi zimpawu. Uma unazo, sicela ubonane nodokotela.

• Ubuhlungu bendunu: Lokhu kungazwakala ngezindlela ezahlukene, njengobuhlungu obungajabulisi, ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwamathumbu, noma ubuhlungu lapho uhleli.
• Izilonda zendunu: Ungase ubone izinto ezifana namaqhubu, ukubomvu, amaqhubu, amaqhubu amancane, kanye nemifantu esikhumbeni ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwendunu.
• Ukulunywa yindunu: Lokhu kuyimpawu ecasulayo kakhulu. Kungabangelwa ukungezwani komzimba noma ukutheleleka.
• Ukopha endunu: Ungase uqaphele igazi esitulweni sakho noma ephepheni lendlu yangasese uma uya endlini yangasese. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzwe ngisho negazi uma ugeza. Lokhu kukopha kungase kube buhlungu noma kungabi buhlungu.
• Ukuphuma koketshezi endunu: Uma into efana ne-mucus noma ubomvu iphuma nendle, noma uma ingcolisa izingubo zakho zangaphansi, kungaba uphawu lokugula.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba kwamathumbu: Ubunzima bokuphuma kwendle, ukukhandleka isikhathi eside, noma ukungakwazi ukulawula ukuhamba kwamathumbu kungabangelwa izinkinga zemisipha noma imizwa e-rectum.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa odokotela abalwenzayo ukuhlola impilo ye-rectal?

Uma udokotela ecabanga ukuthi unenkinga ye-rectal, angenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuthola imbangela:

• Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Digital Rectal (DRE): Kulesi sivivinyo, udokotela wakho ufaka umunwe ogcotshwe ngegilavu ​​​​e-rectum yakho ukuze ahlole i-anus yakho kanye ne-rectum. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni noma yiziphi izigaxa ezingavamile noma izindawo ezibuhlungu.
• I-Anoscopy: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ithuluzi elincane, elifana nethubhu elibizwa ngokuthi i-anoscope endunu ukuze libheke ngqo ngaphakathi komsele wendunu. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwenziwa ngelensi yokukhulisa.
• I-Barium enema: Lokhu ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray okukhethekile okubheka uhlelo lokugaya ukudla. Kulokhu, kufakwa uketshezi olumhlophe olubizwa nge-barium ku-rectum njenge-enema. I-barium yenza amathumbu abonakale ezithombeni ze-X-ray. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ingaphakathi lamathumbu amakhulu, i-rectum, kanye ne-anus. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa inqubo ebizwa nge-fluoroscopy, efana ne-X-ray yevidiyo ebukhoma.
• I-Defecography: Lokhu futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray. Lokhu kuhilela ukuqopha inqubo (i-X-ray) njengoba ukhipha indle. Isetshenziselwa ukuthola izinkinga zemishini noma zokusebenza ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhipha indle.
• I-manometry ye-anorectal: Lolu vivinyo lulinganisa amandla okufinyela kwemisipha ye-rectal, ukuzwela kwe-rectal, impendulo yemizwa, kanye nokulawula imisipha.
• I-Electromyogram (EMG): Ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG kulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wemisipha. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini ubuthakathaka noma izinkinga zemizwa emisipheni ye-sphincter.

Ngingayigcina kanjani i-rectum yami iphilile?

Kulungile, pho singasigcina kanjani lesi sitho esibalulekile esibizwa ngokuthi i-rectum siphilile? Nazi ezinye izeluleko:

1. Ukuzijwayeza ucansi oluphephile: Zivikele ezifweni ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI). Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuzivikela ezifana namakhondomu ngesikhathi socansi lwendunu nokusebenzisa amafutha uma kudingeka kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala kwezicubu zendunu.

2. Ukudla ukudla okucebile nge-fiber:Okusanhlamvu okuphelele, imifino, izithelo, kanye nemifino kunikeza imizimba yethu inani elihle le-fiber yokudla. Le fibre isiza ekunciphiseni ukunyakaza kwamathumbu, ithambise indle, futhi ivimbele ukuqunjelwa.

3. Ukuzijwayeza inhlanzeko emnene: Kubalulekile ukugeza nokuhlanza kahle ngemva kokukhipha indle. Kodwa-ke, ungasebenzisi insipho eqinile noma ama-wipes asekelwe ku-alcohol njalo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhumba kanye ne-mucosa ezungeze indunu kuyazwela kakhulu. Izinto ezibukhali zingalimaza ukuzivikela kwayo kwemvelo, okubangela izinkinga ezifana nokulunywa, ukoma, kanye nokuqhekeka.

4. Ukuthatha izimpawu ngokungathi sína: Uma ubona noma yini engavamile endunu yakho, njengobuhlungu, ukulunywa, noma ukuphuma kwegazi, ungacabangi nje ukuthi kuyinto evamile. Ungabi namahloni. Bheka udokotela ngokushesha bese uthola iseluleko nokwelashwa okudingekayo.

Izinto okudingeka sizikhumbule kule ndaba (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake sikukhumbuze izinto ezimbalwa esikhulume ngazo namuhla esicabanga ukuthi zibalulekile kuwe:

• Indunu iyingxenye ebalulekile yomzimba wethu esisiza ukukhipha imfucuza, ukukhipha imfucuza emzimbeni, futhi isivikele ezifweni zangaphandle.
• Izimo ezifana nama-hemorrhoids, imifantu yendunu, izifo ezahlukahlukene, futhi ngezinye izikhathi umdlavuza kungathinta le ndawo.
• Uma unobuhlungu, ukulunywa, ukopha, isilonda, iqhubu, ukuphuma okungavamile, noma ushintsho noma ubunzima ekunyakazeni kwakho kwamathumbu , ungakushayi indiva lokho.
• Ukudla okune-fiber eningi, imikhuba yokuhlanzeka emnene nefanele, kanye nocansi oluphephile kwenza lukhulu ekugcineni impilo ye-rectum.
• > Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza ngalokhu, beka eceleni amahloni akho nokwesaba bese ubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko. Impilo yakho iyona ebalulekile!

Ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi ufunde okuthile okulula nokucacile ngendunu. Ukuqaphela izinto ezinjengalezi kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni enempilo.

` Impundu, ama-hemorrhoids, indle, ubuhlungu bempundu, ukopha kwempundu, uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, impilo