Sawubona! Unjani? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi encane yobuchopho bethu. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-amygdala . Ibunjwe njenge-cashew nut noma i-alimondi. Ngakho-ke, nakuba incane, yenza umsebenzi omningi. Ake sibone ukuthi iyini le-amygdala, isenzani kithi, nokuthi yini okudingeka siyenze ukuze siyigcine iphilile?

Iyini i-Amygdala?

Kalula nje, i-amygdala yakho iyisakhiwo esincane ngaphakathi kobuchopho bakho, esime njenge-alimondi. Iyingxenye yenethiwekhi enkulu ebuchosheni ebizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-limbic . I-amygdala kanye nohlelo lwe-limbic kubalulekile ekusindeni kwakho, ekuphileni. Cabanga ngale ndlela, lezi yizingxenye zobuchopho bakho ezibona ngokuzenzakalelayo ingozi . Zihilelekile nasezintweni ezifana nokuziphatha kwethu, ukulawula imizwa, nokufunda.

Kwenzekani ku-amygdala?

Uma sikhuluma nge-amygdala, imizwa eyinhloko efika engqondweni ukwesaba . Yilowo imizwa eyinhloko elawulwa yi-amygdala. Yingakho ibaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni impilo yakho. Icubungula lokho okubonayo nokuzwayo, futhi isebenzisa lolo lwazi ukufunda ukuthi yini eyingozi. Uma uphinda uhlangana nento efana naleyo kamuva, yi-amygdala ekwenza uzizwe wesaba noma unomuzwa ofanayo.

Cabanga nje, uhamba emgwaqweni bese ngokuzumayo inja ikhonkotha kakhulu. Uyagxuma futhi wesaba, akunjalo? Yilapho-ke i-amygdala yakho iqala khona. Ikutshela ukuthi, "Ingozi! Qaphela!"

Yini enye oyenzayo ngaphandle kokwesaba?

Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi i-amygdala ayihilelekile kuphela ezintweni ezifana nokwesaba nokukhathazeka. Iphinde ixhumene kakhulu nalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ulaka: Lokhu kuhlobene nemizwa efana nentukuthelo nentukuthelo.
• Ukufunda ngemivuzo nezijeziso: Izinto ezifana nenjabulo yokwenza into efanele kanye nokuzisola ngokwenza into engalungile zisisiza sifunde.
• Ukusebenzisa inkumbulo engacacile: Singenza izinto ezithile ngaphandle kokukhumbula ukuthi sazifunda kanjani, akunjalo? Njengokugibela ibhayisikili noma ukubopha izintambo zethu zezicathulo. Lokhu kusiza futhi ukulawula izinkumbulo ezinjalo.
• Ukuxhumana nabantu nokuqonda: Indlela umuntu akhuluma futhi aziphatha ngayo isisiza siqonde ukuthi usho ukuthini.
• Imizwa ehlobene nokunakekelwa kwabazali: Imizwa efana nothando nothando umama noma ubaba aluzwayo ngomntwana.
• Imizwa ehlotshaniswa nezinkumbulo: Uma uzwa iphunga noma izingoma ezithile, kuvela imizwa ehlukene nezinkumbulo zakudala, akunjalo? Nale ihlobene nalokho.
• Ukuziphatha okufundiwe okuhlobene nokulutha: Lokhu kungathinta nokusebenza kwezinye izinto eziluthayo.

Ikuphi i-amygdala?

I-amygdala yakho itholakala engxenyeni yesikhashana yobuchopho bakho. Iyisakhiwo esibhangqiwe, okusho ukuthi unesinye ohlangothini ngalunye lobuchopho bakho. Ochwepheshe babhekisela kokubili njengento efanayo. I-amygdala yakho itholakala eduze kwezakhiwo eziningana ezithola ulwazi oluvela ezinzwa zakho, ikakhulukazi umuzwa wakho wokuhogela . Yingakho amanye amaphunga ehlotshaniswa kakhulu nemizwa yethu nezinkumbulo zethu. I-amygdala ixhunywe nezingxenye zobuchopho ezihilelekile ekuboneni nasekuzweni.

Cabanga nje ngakho, uma ubeka omunye weminwe yakho ohlangothini lwesihlathi sakho, ngaphezu nje kwesihlanganisi somhlathi, bese uwukhomba ngqo ekhanda lakho kwesinye isihlathi, ukhomba umunwe wakho lapho i-amygdala yakho ikhona noma eduze kakhulu.

Ibukeka kanjani i-amygdala?

Igama elithi amygdala livela ngesimo salo. Igama elithi "amygdala" livela egameni lesiGreki elisho "i-almond." Ingxenye enkulu yezicubu zobuchopho inombala opinki-beige uma igazi lijikeleza (libonakala limpunga ngaphandle kwegazi). I-amygdala imnyama kancane kunezicubu zobuchopho ezizungezile.

I-amygdala incane, kodwa ubukhulu bayo bungahluka kancane kuye ngobukhulu bobuchopho kanye nezinye izici. Ngokwesilinganiso, i-amygdala icishe ibe usayizi we-peanut ehlutshiwe .

Yenziwe ngani i-amygdala?

Izicubu zobuchopho bakho, okuhlanganisa ne-amygdala, zakhiwe kakhulu yilokhu:

• Ama-Neuron: Lawa ngamaseli athumela futhi amukele izimpawu zikagesi nezamakhemikhali kulo lonke ubuchopho bakho kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa. Cabanga ngawo njengezithunywa ezincane.
• Amaseli e-Glial: Lawa izinhlobo eziningana zamaseli. Afana nezinceku ezisiza futhi zinakekele ama-neuron. Lawa maseli enza umsebenzi wokunakekela ama-neuron futhi anikeza ukwesekwa okubalulekile.

Ama-neuron ayahlangana ukuze akhe imicu. Leyo micu iyahlangana ukuze yakhe izinto ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-nuclei. I-amygdala yakho inama-nuclei ayi-13, noma izingxenye eziyinhloko, kanje.

Yiziphi izimo ezivamile ezithinta i-amygdala?

Izifo eziningi ezingathinta i-amygdala zingokwengqondo noma ngezinzwa. Eqinisweni, eziningi zazo ziwela kuzo zombili izigaba, ngoba izinguquko ekusebenzeni kobuchopho zithinta ngqo impilo yethu yengqondo.

Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo

Lokhu kungafaka (kodwa akukhawulelwe ku):

• Izinkinga zokukhathazeka
• Isifo sokuqhuma esiqhubekayo
• I-Klüver-Bucy syndrome
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa
• Isifo sokwesaba
• Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokucindezeleka (PTSD)
• Ukwesaba okungavamile (ukwesaba)
• Ukuphazamiseka kobuntu

Izifo ezihlobene nobuchopho

Izifo zobuchopho ezingathinta i-amygdala zifaka (kodwa azigcini lapho):

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer
• Isifo se-Autism spectrum
• Umdlavuza wobuchopho
• Isifo Sokuxhuzula (ikakhulukazi isifo sokuxhuzula se-lobe yesikhashana)
• Isifo sohlangothi

Yiziphi izimpawu ezithinta i-amygdala?

Izimpawu zezifo ezithinta i-amygdala zingahluka kakhulu, kuye ngesimo esingaphansi. Izimpawu zingafaka phakathi izinguquko emizweni , noma izinguquko ezinqubweni zomzimba ezizenzakalelayo ezibangelwa yileyo mizwa. Ezinye izibonelo zezinguquko kulezi zinqubo zifaka:

• Ukwanda komsebenzi wesimiso sezinzwa esinozwela: Lokhu yilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi impendulo "yokulwa noma yokubaleka" . Yindlela imizimba yethu elungiselela ngayo ukulwa noma ukubaleka uma kwenzeka ingozi.
• Ukwanda kokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nesilinganiso senhliziyo.
• Ukujuluka.
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso sokuphefumula (esaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-tachypnea).

Kungase kube nezinye izimpawu ngaphezu kwalezi. Uma wazi ukuthi unesifo esithinta i-amygdala, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinkinga onazo noma ukuthi uzizwa kanjani. Bangakuqondisa ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele nokuthi yini ongayenza ngazo.

Uma ungazi ukuthi unesifo esithinta i-amygdala, kodwa ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Bangenza izivivinyo futhi bathole ukuthi kunenkinga yini. Bangakuqondisa futhi ekwelashweni okudingayo nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani izimpawu zakho.

Yiziphi izindlela zokuhlola i-amygdala?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene zokuhlolwa kwezithombe kanye nokuhlolwa kokuxilonga okungasetshenziswa ukuhlola izinkinga nge-amygdala. Ezinye izibonelo zifaka:

• Ukuskena kwe-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
• Iskeni se-positron emission tomography (PET).
• I-Electroencephalogram (EEG).
• I-Magnetoencephalogram (MEG).

Ezinye izivivinyo zingenziwa ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho noma kulokho okusolwa udokotela wakho. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ongazithatha, yiziphi izivivinyo azincomayo, nokuthi kungani.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-amygdala?

Eqinisweni, azikho izindlela zokwelapha eziqondene ngqo ne-amygdala uqobo. Kunalokho, izindlela zokwelapha ziqondiswe ezimpawini noma ezimweni ezithile ezihambisana nayo.

Izinketho zokwelapha zingahluka kakhulu, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukwelashwa ngempilo yengqondo `(Ukwelashwa Ngengqondo)`.
• Imithi.
• Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho.

Ukwelashwa okusiza ngesimo esisodwa kungase kungasizi kwesinye (futhi kungase kwenze ezinye izimo zibe zimbi nakakhulu). Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho ungumthombo ongcono kakhulu wolwazi mayelana nokwelashwa okufanele wena.

Ngingayigcina kanjani i-amygdala yami iphilile?

Kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze unakekele kahle ubuchopho bakho, okuhlanganisa ne-amygdala. Lezi zifaka:

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele. Lena yindlela ebalulekile yokuvimbela (noma okungenani ukubambezela noma ukunciphisa ubukhulu bezifo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi. Ungacela udokotela wakho iseluleko sokuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu.
• Yidla ukudla okunomsoco. Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini namaminerali kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ebuchosheni bakho. Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco kungasiza ekuvimbeleni lezi zinkinga.
• Zivikele ekulimaleni. Ukugqoka izimpahla zokuphepha njengesigqoko sokuzivikela namabhande esihlalo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala ekhanda nasebuchosheni bakho.
• Lawula izimo ezingamahlalakhona. Uma welashwa ngesimo esingamahlalakhona, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngesifo sokuwa. Kusebenza nasezimweni ezandisa ingozi yokushaywa unhlangothi, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme), isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili (ushukela wohlobo lwesibili), noma i-cholesterol ephezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme).

Kuyini ukuQhaqwa kwe-Amygdala?

Elinye lamakhono ayingqayizivele e-amygdala yakho yikhono layo lokudlula izinyathelo zokucubungula zezinzwa zakho bese yenza ngokushesha. Isibonelo, uma uzwa umsindo ojwayelekile nowesabekayo, ngaphambi kokuba ubuchopho bakho bube nesikhathi sokuthola ukuthi uyini, i-amygdala yakho ithumela ngokushesha izimpawu eziphuthumayo ukuze ikushukumisele ukuba usabele. Yingakho sithuka lapho sizwa umsindo omkhulu (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-acoustic startle reflex").

Lo mphumela ungaba mubi nakakhulu: ubizwa ngokuthi "ukuntshontshwa kwe-amygdala" noma "ukuntshontshwa ngokomzwelo." Njengakumamuvi lapho iphoyisa lithatha imoto yomuntu ngenkani ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo, ukuntshontshwa kwe-amygdala kwenzeka lapho i-amygdala yakho ithatha ukulawula umzimba wakho ukuze ikusindise engozini.

Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu ngezikhathi zengozi. Kukusiza ekuvikeleni ngokusebenzisa impendulo yakho "yokulwa noma yokubaleka". Kodwa-ke, kungabangela nesimo sempilo yengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi i-post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), ikakhulukazi uma ubona ngephutha ukuthi okwenzekayo okuzungezile kuyingozi.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi i-amygdala yakho yonakele?

Uma i-amygdala yonakele, iphazamisa ikhono lakho lokuzwa ukwesaba nokufunda kukho . Nakuba lokho kungase kuzwakale kuyinto enhle, ukwesaba empeleni kubaluleke kakhulu. Yindlela esifunda ngayo ukuqaphela ingozi nokuzivikela.

Uma usola ukuthi unomonakalo we-amygdala noma inkinga, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela. Banganquma ukuthi kunenkinga yini, benze izivivinyo ukuze babone ukuthi i-amygdala yakho yonakele yini, noma bakuthumele kuchwepheshe ongakusiza ngokwengeziwe.

Ungawuthulisa kanjani u-amygdala?

Njengemisebenzi eminingi ebuchosheni bakho, i-amygdala akuyona into ongayilawula ngqo. Siyidinga ngezizathu eziningi, hhayi ukwesaba nje kuphela. Kodwa uma ibangela ukwesaba noma ukukhathazeka ngokweqile, noma uma uzwa le mizwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, ingaphazamisa impilo yakho.

Nazi ezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze ulwe nemiphumela yokukhathazeka, ukwesaba, kanye nokuhlaselwa uvalo:

• Ungayinaki impilo yakho yengqondo. Uma ubhekene nokwesaba okuqhubekayo, ukukhathazeka, noma ukuhlaselwa uvalo, bona udokotela. Umsebenzi wabo ukukusiza, hhayi ukukwahlulela. Bangakunikeza izinsiza kanye nesiqondiso sokukusiza ubhekane nezinkinga zempilo yengqondo nezesikhathi esifushane nezesikhathi eside.
• Funda ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nokuhlaselwa uvalo. Uma uhlaselwa uvalo, kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ukuze uphinde ulawule ingqondo yakho. Ukuzivocavoca kokuphefumula kanye namasu okusekela kungaba usizo kakhulu.
• Thola izindlela zokuphatha ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka. Abantu basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokubhekana nokukhathazeka nokwesaba, okuhlanganisa ukwelashwa ngempilo yengqondo, izinto abazithandayo, ukuzindla, kanye nomsebenzi womzimba. Thola okukusebenzelayo futhi ukusebenzise uma ukudinga. Uma unenkinga yokuthola okuthile okukusebenzelayo, udokotela wakho angakunikeza iziphakamiso noma isiqondiso.

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-amygdala yakho ingenye yezingxenye zokuqala zobuchopho bakho ezisabela engozini. Ngakho-ke, iyingxenye ebalulekile yokusinda nokuzivikela ekulimaleni. Iphinde ibe negalelo emizweni emihle, ekufundeni, ekukhumbuleni, nokunye okuningi. Ukuqonda ukuthi i-amygdala yakho isebenza kanjani kungakusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi kunenkinga yini ngobuchopho bakho noma empilweni yengqondo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungaphila impilo yakho ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokwesaba okuzothatha impilo yakho futhi kukuvimbele ekwenzeni izinto ozithandayo.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela. Hlala uphilile!

` I-Amygdala, ubuchopho, imizwa, ukwesaba, impilo yengqondo, uhlelo lwezinzwa, umsebenzi wobuchopho