Uke wezwa nge-fMRI, engabheka ukuthi ubuchopho bakho busebenza kanjani? (I-Functional MRI)

Wake wazibuza ukuthi izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho bethu zisebenza kanjani nokuthi zisabela kanjani komunye nomunye? Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokwenza into efana nokuhlinzwa kobuchopho, odokotela bafuna ukwazi kahle ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zobuchopho ezenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu nokuthi yiziphi izingxenye ezingaba sengozini uma zonakele. Namuhla, sizokhuluma nge-scan ekhethekile esetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi futhi engaveza ezinye zezimfihlo ezingaphakathi kobuchopho.

Kuyini i-fMRI? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) iyi-scan ekhombisa umsebenzi wezingxenye ezithile zobuchopho bethu, okungukuthi, ukuthi lezo zingxenye zisebenza kangakanani ngesikhathi esithile. Cishe uke wezwa nge -MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) . Ihilela ukungena ngaphakathi komshini omkhulu, oyindilinga. Isebenzisa insimu yamagnetic enamandla kakhulu, amaza omsakazo, kanye nobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha ukuthatha izithombe ezicacile ze-3D zangaphakathi komzimba wethu. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi ayisebenzisi imisebe njenge-X-ray. Ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokuchayeka emisebeni.

Manje, lokhu kuskena kwe-fMRI kwenziwa ngomshini ofanayo we-MRI ojwayelekile. Kodwa okukhethekile ngalokhu ukuthi kungaqapha ukugeleza kwegazi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zobuchopho bakho. Cabanga ngakho, lapho amangqamuzana ethu obuchopho esebenza, adinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Bese lowo moya-mpilo uthwalwa yigazi. Ngakho-ke, izindawo lapho kunokugeleza kwegazi okwengeziwe yizindawo zobuchopho ezisebenza kakhulu. Lezo zindawo zibonakala zikhanya kakhulu kuskena se-fMRI. Uyaqonda ukuthi lokho kwenzeka kanjani?

Kusetshenziswa ini ukuskena kwe-fMRI?

Ngokuhlela ukugeleza kwegazi kanye nomsebenzi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zobuchopho bakho, odokotela bangasho ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho bakho elawula umsebenzi noma ikhono elithile. Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu lapho uhlela ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho noma ezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha ezingathinta ubuchopho. Cabanga ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa engxenyeni ethile yobuchopho bakho. Khona-ke udokotela wezinzwa angasebenzisa le fMRI ukuhlela ukuhlinzwa. Ingabona futhi ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zobuchopho ezenza imisebenzi ebalulekile futhi kufanele zingaphazanyiswa . Lokhu kuskena kwe-fMRI kungenziwa kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezincane.

Isibonelo, ukunyakaza kwemisipha kulawulwa yindawo ethile engxenyeni engaphambili yobuchopho bethu. Uma ucela othile ukuthi athinte iminwe yakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-fMRI, ukuhlolwa kuzobonisa ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zobuchopho ezihilelekile kuleso senzo. Udokotela ohlinzayo wezinzwa ube eseyazi ukuthi angazisebenza ngaphandle kokuzilimaza.

Nazi ezinye izimo noma izinqubo zezokwelapha ezingadinga lolu hlobo lokuhlela:

• Isifo Sokuxhuzula:Uma isifo sokuwa singalawulwa ngemithi noma ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho (ukuhlinzwa kwesifo sokuwa) .
• Izimila zobuchopho: Kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe zonke izinhlobo zezimila, zombili ezinomdlavuza kanye nezingenabungozi.
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ebuchosheni: Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngendlela enembile kungasetshenziswa ezifweni eziningi zobuchopho, njengomdlavuza nezinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi.
• Ukuskena ngemva kokwelashwa: Lokhu kuskena kusiza futhi ukubona ukuthi kukhona yini izinguquko ekusebenzeni kobuchopho ngemva kokwelashwa okuthile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bahlola ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa i-fMRI. Isibonelo, kunobufakazi bokuthi ingaba usizo ezintweni ezifana nokwelashwa nge-biofeedback .

Zivame kangakanani izikena ze-fMRI?

Ngenxa yokuthi izinzuzo zezokwelapha zokuskena kwe-fMRI zilinganiselwe, azivamile kakhulu ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Izibhedlela ezincane noma izikhungo zezempilo kungenzeka zingenazo izindawo zokwenza ukuskena kwe-fMRI. Uma ufuna eyodwa, kungadingeka uye esikhungweni sezokwelapha esikhulu.

Ngilungiselela kanjani lokhu kuskena?

Ngosuku lokuskena kwakho kwe-fMRI, akufanele uphuze noma yini equkethe i-caffeine , ngoba ingathinta imiphumela ye-fMRI. Uma uthatha noma yimiphi imithi, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi ungayithatha kanjani (nokuthi ungayiyeka nini) ngaphambi kokuskena.

Njengokuskena kwe-MRI okuvamile, ukuskena kwe-fMRI kusebenzisa i-magnet enamandla kakhulu. Le magnet inamandla kangangokuthi ingalimaza ezinye izinto futhi ingadonsela izinto ezisebenza ngogesi ngokushesha. Ngisho nezinto zensimbi ezivamile zingaba yingozi eduze komshini we-MRI.

Ngakho-ke, izingubo ozigqokayo, ubucwebe obusebenzisayo, kanye nezikhonkwane zezinwele ozisebenzisayo akufanele zibe nezingxenye zensimbi. Lokhu akusebenzi nje kuphela ezinsimbini ezinezakhiwo zamagnetic, kodwa nakuzo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zezinsimbi. Ngoba ngisho nezinsimbi ezingezona zamagnetic zingathinta ukucaca kokuskena.

Izinto okungafanele uzilethe noma uzigqoke emshinini we-MRI

• Ubucwebe, amawashi, amakhadi esikweletu kanye nezinsiza zokuzwa .
• Amaphini, amaphini ezinwele zensimbi, ama-brassiere angaphansi kwentambo, kanye nama-zipper ensimbi (lokhu kungaphazamisa izithombe ze-MRI).
• Amazinyo okufakelwa asuswayo .
• Amapeni, imimese ephaketheni noma amathuluzi amaningi .
• Ukubhoboza umzimba .
• Omakhalekhukhwini, amawashi kagesi kanye namadivayisi okulandelela .

Ngokuqinisekile kukhona okufanele ngikutshele udokotela !

Uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, kufanele nakanjani wazise udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokwenza i-MRI:

• I-pacemaker noma i-defibrillator yenhliziyo .
• Izikhuthazi noma amadivayisi kagesi noma afakwe. Izibonelo zifaka: izikhuthazi zobuchopho obujulile , izikhuthazi zemizwa ye-vagus , izikhuthazi zesinye, izikhuthazi zomgogodla, izikhuthazi ze-neuro , kanye nama-electrode noma izintambo ezifakwe.
• Amalunga okufaka esikhundleni .
• Izimila ze-Cochlear noma ezinye izimila zendlebe.
• Amaphampu emithi afakwe . Izibonelo: lawo aletha amaphilisi okudambisa izinhlungu, lawo aletha imithi enciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha (ukuqaqamba kwemisipha) .
• Ama-shunt angahlelwa .
• Ama-Aneurysm clips nama- coil .
• Ama-stents angekho enhliziyweni.
• Izihlungi, isibonelo izihlungi zamahlwili egazi.
• Izingcezu zensimbi ezinamathele emzimbeni wakho noma emehlweni. Izibonelo: izinhlamvu, izingcezu zensimbi , izingcezu zensimbi noma impuphu.
• I- continuous glucose monitor (CGM) .
• Iphampu ye-insulin .
• I-patch yemithi oyinamathisela endaweni ethile emzimbeni wakho.

Futhi, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngalezi zinto ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-fMRI:

• Uma ukhulelwe noma ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe.
• Uma kukhona isizathu sokuthi kungani ungakwazi ukulala ngomhlane wakho kulo lonke uvivinyo.
• Uma une -claustrophobia (okungukuthi, ukwesaba izindawo ezivalekile). Cabanga ukuthi wesaba ukuba segumbini elincane. Uma unalolo hlobo lokwesaba, ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile uma ungena ngaphakathi kulowo mshini. Yingakho kufanele utshele udokotela kusenesikhathi.

Uma une-claustrophobia, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uthathe imithi yokulwa nokukhathazeka ngesikhathi noma ngaphambi nje kokuskena. Lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu, ngakho-ke uma uzizwa ukhathazekile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-fMRI, buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungayithatha yini imithi yayo.

Ngisho nezingane ezincane zingaba ne-fMRI, kodwa kungadingeka zinikezwe imithi yokuziphumuza. Udokotela wengane yakho angakuchazela ukuthi yiziphi izinketho nokuthi yini eziyincomayo.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-fMRI?

Ukuskena kwe-fMRI kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nokuskena kwe-MRI okuvamile. Ngesikhathi sokuskena, ulala embhedeni bese umbhede uyiswa emshinini we-MRI. Ngokuvamile, i-fMRI isebenzisa isikena se-MRI esijwayelekile esimise okwendandatho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-magnet emshinini we-MRI ovulekile ngokuvamile ayinamandla kangako.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-fMRI, ikhanda lakho lifakwa ngaphakathi kwedivayisi ekhethekile efana nesigqoko esibizwa ngokuthi i-head coil . Le coil isiza ekutholeni izithombe ezicacile. Udinga futhi ukugqoka ama -headphone akhethekile okukhansela umsindo ukuze uvimbele umsindo ovela emshinini we-MRI. Lawa ma-headphone anenye inzuzo. Izisebenzi zezempilo, njengochwepheshe be-MRI noma ochwepheshe be-radiology, zingakhuluma nawe futhi zikunike imiyalelo ngesikhathi sokuskena.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-MRI ejwayelekile kanye ne-fMRI umsebenzi . Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-fMRI, abasebenzi bezempilo bakucela ukuthi ukhulume, ushukumise umunwe wakho, noma wenze into elula efana naleyo. Ngesikhathi wenza lokho, i-fMRI iqapha ukugeleza kwegazi lakho ukuze ibone ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zobuchopho bakho ezisebenza kakhulu. Bese iqhathanisa lokho nalokho owawukwenza ngaleso sikhathi. Yileyo ndlela "abahlela" ngayo izingxenye zobuchopho bakho, bethola ukuthi kwenzekani.

Le misebenzi ingenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:

• Uhlelo lokuvimba: Kulolu hlelo, unikezwa isikhathi esifushane sokwenza umsebenzi, kulandelwe isikhathi esifushane sokuphumula. Lezi zikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi amabhlogo.
• Uhlelo lwezehlakalo: Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza imisebenzi eminingana ilandelana ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

Udokotela wakho angase afune ukwenza ingxenye ye-fMRI njengesikeni "sokuphumula" . Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umane ulale phansi kusikeni (udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi ugcine amehlo akho evulekile noma evaliwe). Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone futhi alinganise umehluko emsebenzini wobuchopho bakho phakathi kwesikhathi ophumulile naso lapho uvukile.

Ingabe wenza i-fMRI ngezinto zokulinganisa? (I-MRI esebenzayo enokulinganisa)

Njengokuskena kwe-MRI okuvamile, ukuskena kwe-fMRI ngezinye izikhathi kungasebenzisa izinto ezibonisa umehluko eziqukethe i-gadolinium . Le gadolinium ifakwa emthanjeni (IV) (okungukuthi, ngomunye wemithambo yakho) ukusiza ngezivivinyo ezithile. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubone izakhiwo ezithile ngaphakathi komzimba wakho noma ebuchosheni bakho ngokucacile.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuskena kwe-fMRI?

Ukuskena kwe-fMRI kuvame ukuthatha cishe ihora. Kungathatha isikhathi eside uma udokotela edinga idatha eyengeziwe ukuze ayihlaziye, noma uma edinga ukwenza olunye uhlobo lokuskena kwe-MRI kanye ne-fMRI.

Kwenzekani ngemva kwalolu vivinyo?

Ungaya ekhaya ngokushesha nje lapho ukuskena kwe-fMRI sekuqediwe. Kodwa-ke, uma unikezwe imithi yokukhathazeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-fMRI, kuzodingeka othile akuyise ekhaya ngemoto. Udokotela we-X-ray uzobuyekeza ukuskena, akuhlaziye, bese ekutshela imiphumela, kanye nodokotela okuthumele ukuskena (isibonelo , udokotela wezinzwa noma udokotela wezinzwa) .

Yiziphi izinzuzo ze-fMRI?

I-fMRI iwusizo kakhulu ekuhleleni ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa . Ivumela odokotela abahlinza izinzwa ukuthi baqonde kangcono ukuthi izakhiwo ezahlukene zobuchopho zisebenza kanjani. Lokhu kubavumela ukuthi benze ukuhlinzwa ngaphandle kokulimaza izingxenye ezibalulekile zobuchopho, kunciphisa ingozi yokulahlekelwa yimisebenzi elawulwa yilezo zingxenye.

Kunezinye izivivinyo ezingasiza ekuhleleni, kodwa i-fMRI ivame ukuba yisinqumo esingcono. Ngoba ezinye izivivinyo zivame ukuhlasela kakhulu , zidinga imithi engaba nemiphumela emibi, noma enganembile ekubhaleni izindawo zobuchopho ezihilelekile.

Ingabe kukhona ukungahleleki noma izingozi ku-fMRI?

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izivivinyo, i-fMRI inezinkinga eziningana. Inkinga enkulu ubudlelwano phakathi kwesikhathi sokuskena kwe-fMRI kanye nesivinini somsebenzi wobuchopho bethu. Cabanga ngokuthatha isithombe somuntu ogijima ngesivinini esikhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesivinini sobuchopho, ijubane lapho i-fMRI iqoqa khona idatha lihamba kancane. Okusho ukuthi, umsebenzi wobuchopho ungashintsha ngamashumi ama-millisecond ngomzuzwana, kodwa i-fMRI ingakwazi ukubamba okwenzekayo ngomzuzwana. Ngakho-ke, izinguquko ezicashile kakhulu nezisheshayo zingase zingatholakali.

Izingozi ze-fMRI ziphansi kakhulu. Zifana neze-MRI ejwayelekile. Imiphumela emibi ye -gadolinium contrast nayo iphansi kakhulu. Okukhathazayo kakhulu ukuphepha kwensimbi. Kufanele ulandele yonke imiyalelo enikezwa udokotela wakho kanye nabasebenzi bezokwelapha mayelana nokuphepha kwensimbi. Uma unemibuzo, ungesabi ukuyibuza.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-EEG ne-fMRI?

I-electroencephalogram (i-EEG) isivivinyo esilinganisa futhi siqophe umsebenzi wobuchopho bakho. Umshini we-EEG ubonisa umsebenzi wobuchopho bakho njengochungechunge lwamagagasi ephepheni noma esikrinini sedijithali. Nakuba zombili ziqopha idatha efanayo, i-fMRI iyibonisa njengesithombe.

Ngakho-ke, yimuphi umyalezo okufanele siwukhumbule kulokhu?

I-fMRI ubuchwepheshe obusha kakhulu. Nakuba isikhona iminyaka engaphezudlwana kwengu-30, ivule ukuqonda okusha ngendlela ubuchopho obusebenza ngayo. Namuhla, iwusizo kakhulu ekuhleleni umsebenzi wobuchopho nokukhombisa ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zobuchopho ezisebenzayo ngesikhathi semisebenzi noma izenzakalo ezithile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyi-fMRI scan yakho noma yengane yakho, le ndlela yokuskena isiza odokotela abahlinzayo bezinzwa ukuthi bahlele ukuhlinzwa kwabo ngaphandle kokulimaza izingxenye eziningi ezibalulekile ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, uma uzoba nalolu vivinyo, ungesabi futhi ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela.

` i-mri esebenzayo, i-fmri, ukuskena kobuchopho, umsebenzi wobuchopho, ukuhlinzwa kwezinzwa, imephu yobuchopho, ukuskena kwe-mri