Ingabe siyazi ngempela ngamalensi angaphakathi kweso (ama-IOL)?

Wake wezwa ngama-cataract? Noma mhlawumbe ufuna indlela yokubona umhlaba ngokucacile ngaphandle kwezibuko. Udokotela wakho wamehlo kungenzeka ukuthi ukutshelile 'ngama-IOL' noma 'ama-IOL'. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngendlela elula neyobungane ngokuthi yimaphi lawa ma-'IOL', ukuthi ubani owadingayo, ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona, ukuthi ungasikhethela kanjani esifanele, nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona.

Ayini ama-IOL? Kungani ebalulekile kithi?

Kalula nje, i-'IOL' noma i-'Intraocular Lens' ilensi yokwenziwa ecacile kakhulu efakwa ngaphakathi kweso lakho, ithatha indawo yelensi yakho yemvelo. Cabanga ngakho, ilensi yemvelo engaphakathi kweso lethu ifana 'nelensi' yekhamera. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le lensi ingaba namafu, okuyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-cataract' . Yilapho kufakwa khona i-'IOL' ukuze kususwe le lensi yemvelo enamafu, ikunikeze umbono ocacile futhi. Njengoba nje wenza ngezibuko zakho noma 'amalensi okuxhumana', la malensi 'e-IOL' angalungisa amaphutha ahlukahlukene okubona. Isibonelo:

• I-Myopia (ukubona eduze): Ukubona izinto eduze ngokucacile, kodwa izinto ezikude zibonakala zingacacile.
• Ukubona eduze (i-Hyperopia noma ukubona kude): Ukubona izinto ezikude ngokucacile, kodwa ukubona izinto eziseduze, ikakhulukazi uma ubheka incwadi noma iphephandaba, akucaci.
• I-Presbyopia (ukubona eduze) njengoba sikhula: Abantu abaningi bakuthola kunzima ukufunda umbhalo omncane ngemva kweminyaka engu-40.
• I-Astigmatism: Lokhu kubangelwa izinguquko esimweni seso, okubangela ukukhanya ukuba kusakazeke esikhundleni sokugxila endaweni eyodwa, okuholela ekuboneni okufiphele.

La malensi e-`IOL` afakwa unomphela esweni , okusho ukuthi ahlala endaweni yawo impilo yonke ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Angathuthukisa kakhulu ukubona kwakho futhi anciphise kakhulu ukuthembela kwakho ezingilazini emisebenzini yansuku zonke. La malensi e-`IOL` avame ukufakwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract .

Ubani ngempela odinga la malensi e-IOL?

Ungazuza kuma-IOL uma unezinye zalezi zimo:

• Uma une -cataract futhi ungakwazi ukubona kahle ngenxa yazo: Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi abahlinzwa i-cataract cishe badinga i- IOL ukuze babuyisele umbono wabo.
• Uma unezinye iziphambeko zokubona, kodwa awuyena umuntu ofanelekela ezinye izindlela zokuhlinzwa zokulungisa umbono njenge -LASIK :Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yezimo ezithile ze-cornea, i-'LASIK' ayinakwenzeka. Kubantu abanjalo, amalensi e-'IOL' angaba yisisombululo esihle.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamalensi e-IOL akhona? Ake sibheke ngayinye.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-IOL. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo nezinkinga zalo. Ububi obukhulu bezinhlobo ezithile zamalensi ukuthi usadinga izibuko zemisebenzi ethile (isibonelo, ukufunda incwadi). Ngenkathi ezinye izinhlobo zama-IOL zinganciphisa isidingo sezibuko, zingabangela imiphumela emibi, njengokukhanya okuzungeze izibani zemoto lapho ushayela ebusuku. Ngezansi kunezinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-IOL. Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho wamehlo ukuze anqume ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwelensi olufanele wena. Angakusiza ukhethe ilensi engcono kakhulu yezidingo zakho zokubona, indlela yokuphila, kanye nezintandokazi zakho.

1. Amalensi e-monofocal

Lolu uhlobo lwelensi olukhethwa abantu abaningi. Amalensi e-`Monofocal` anamandla okugxila okukodwa kuphela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi la malensi alola ingxenye yesithathu kuphela yombono wakho webanga, umbono webanga eliphakathi (isibonelo, uma ubheka ikhompyutha), noma umbono oseduze. Abantu abaningi bathola la malensi e-`Monofocal` enzelwe ukubona ibanga. Lokhu kusiza kakhulu emisebenzini efana nokushayela. Kodwa-ke, uma lokho kwenzeka, kuzodingeka usebenzise izibuko emisebenzini yombono oseduze, njengokufunda incwadi noma ukubuka iphephandaba. Kwabanye abantu abafuna ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwabo ezibukweni, amalensi e- `Monovision` enzelwe i-`Monofocal IOL` angaba inketho enhle. Ngokuvamile, amalensi e-`Monofocal` afakwe kuwo womabili amehlo alungiswa ibanga elifanayo (isibonelo, umbono webanga). Kodwa ku-`Monovision`, ilensi esweni elilodwa yenziwe ngamandla elilodwa kanti ilensi ekwelinye iso yenziwe ngamandla ahlukile . Isibonelo, ungaba nelensi eyenzelwe ukubona ibanga esweni lakho lokunene kanye nelensi eyenzelwe ukubona eduze esweni lakho lesobunxele. Ku-'Monovision', amehlo akho amabili asebenza ndawonye ukukusiza ukuthi ubone izinto ezikude neziseduze. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuthatha isikhathi ukujwayela. Abanye abantu bangase bangakwazi ukujwayela i-'Monovision' nhlobo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokukhetha amalensi e-'Monovision IOL', udokotela wakho angakucela ukuthi uzame amalensi okuxhumana e-'Monovision' amasonto ambalwa. Ngemuva kwalokho ungabona ukuthi le ndlela ikulungele yini.

2. Amalensi amaningi

Amalensi e-`Multifocal` angathuthukisa kokubili ukubona kwakho okuseduze nokukude , futhi anganciphisa isidingo sezibuko. Ngokungafani namalensi e-`Monofocal`, amalensi e-`Multifocal` anezindawo eziningana ezigxile.Yebo. Ubuchopho bakho buzivumelanisa nalezi zindawo futhi bukhetha amandla okugxila adingekayo kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi onikeziwe (isb., ukushayela noma ukufunda incwadi). Kungathatha isikhathi ukujwayela la malensi. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kufanele ukwazi ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwakho ekufundeni izibuko. Abanye abantu bangase bangadingi ngisho nezibuko nhlobo. Ububi obunye bamalensi 'ama-multifocal' ukuthi ungase ubone 'izindandatho' noma imisebe ekhanyayo ('ama-halo') eduze kwezibani ngezinye izikhathi, njengalapho ushayela ebusuku.

3. Amalensi e-Extended Depth-of-focus (EDOF)

Ngokungafani namalensi e-`multifocal`, amalensi e-`EDOF` anendawo eyodwa ende yokugxila . Lokhu kwandisa ububanzi bakho bokubona obulungisiwe kanye 'nokujula kokugxila'. Lawa malensi akunika umbono omuhle kakhulu webanga , futhi athuthukisa umbono ophakathi nendawo (wemisebenzi efana nokusebenzisa ikhompyutha). Kodwa-ke, kungase kudingeke usebenzise izibuko emisebenzini eseduze, njengokufunda incwadi noma iphephandaba.

4. Amalensi okwamukela

La malensi afana namalensi emvelo emehlweni ethu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ubheka izinto eziseduze noma ezikude, la malensi angazivumelanisa futhi ashintshe ukuma kwawo . Lena enye indlela enhle yokunciphisa ukuthembela kwakho ezibukweni. Kodwa-ke, uma uchitha isikhathi esiningi ufunda incwadi noma uma kufanele 'ugxile' entweni eseduze, ungase uthole kukhululekile ukusebenzisa izibuko.

5. Amalensi e-Toric

Amalensi e-Toric asiza abantu abane-astigmatism . Lawa malensi athuthukisa indlela ukukhanya okuwela ngayo ku-retina yakho, okukunikeza umbono obukhali nocacile. Amalensi e-Toric atholakala ngezitayela ze-Monofocal, Multifocal, EDOF noma Accommodative. Athuthukisa ikhwalithi yokubona. Amalensi e-Toric asiza futhi ekunciphiseni ukukhanya kanye nama-halo, okuyizinkinga ezivamile kubantu abane-astigmatism.

6. Amalensi alungiseka kalula (ama-LAL)

Amalensi alungiseka kalula (ama-LAL) ahlukile kwezinye izinketho ze-IOL ngoba ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa kwelensi yakho , udokotela wakho wamehlo uzolungisa amandla okulungisa ala malensi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngochungechunge lwezinqubo zokwelapha ngokukhanya kwe-UV, ezihlukaniswe ngezinsuku ezimbalwa. Lezi zinqubo zizosondeza umuthi wakho welensi eduze kombono owufisayo ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi zizokwenzelwa wena ngqo. Lokhu kuseyilensi eyodwa, ngakho-ke ungadinga izibuko zokufunda noma zokushayela.

7. Amalensi e-Phakic

Amalensi e-Phakic avame ukufakwa kubantu abasha, kuyilapho ezama ukulondoloza ilensi yawo yemvelo yomuntu.Zisetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukubona eduze, ikakhulukazi kulabo abangafaneleki ukuhlinzwa kwe-laser refractive. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina ikhono lakho lemvelo lokugxila nokwamukela. La malensi anganikeza intsha umbono ocacile wesikhathi eside, noma ngabe kufanele asuswe ukuze ahlinzwe i-cataract esikhathini esizayo.

Ngingayikhetha kanjani ilensi ye-IOL efanele mina?

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzonquma ukuthi uzozuza yini ngokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract noma ukuthi uyakufanelekela yini ukuhlinzwa kokushintshanisa amalensi okubuka. Uzochaza izinketho zakho futhi akusize ukhethe i-IOL engcono kakhulu kuwe. Uzophinde enze ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele ukuhlola umbono wakho kanye nempilo yamehlo. Uzokwenza nokuhlolwa okuningana okulula, okungenabuhlungu ukukala usayizi nesimo seso lakho.

Ngaphambi kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho wamehlo, kungumqondo omuhle ukucabanga ngokuthi yiziphi izinto eziza kuqala kuwe kusukela kumalensi akho e-IOL, nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezingabalulekile kangako kuwe.

Kungasiza ukuzibuza le mibuzo:

• Ingabe kuyinkinga kimi ukugqoka izibuko ngezinye izikhathi? Uma kunjalo, kangaki futhi ngaziphi izinjongo? (isib. ebusuku kuphela? uma ngifunda izincwadi kuphela?)
• Hlobo luni lombono oludingwa umsebenzi/umsebenzi wami? Ingabe nginenkinga yokugqoka izibuko kulo msebenzi? (Cabanga nje uma usebenza nekhompyutha isikhathi eside.)
• Ingabe ngivame ukushayela ebusuku? Uma kunjalo, ngingajwayela ukubona ukukhanya okukhanyayo kanye nama-halo azungeze izibani lapho ngishayela?
• Yimiphi imisebenzi engiyithandayo kakhulu? Ngizimisele kangakanani ukuthembela ezingilazini ngale misebenzi? (Isibonelo, uma uthanda ukuthunga, ukubona eduze kubaluleke kakhulu.)
• Ingakanani isabelomali sami sokuhlinzwa?

Nakuba izinhlelo eziningi zomshuwalense zimboza amalensi e-'Monofocal', kungase kudingeke ukhokhele ezinye izinhlobo ngemali yakho. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uthola amanani aqondile ezinketho ezahlukene ze-'IOL' ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sokugcina.

Yiziphi izinkinga nezinkinga ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwe-IOL?

Izinkinga eziningi ze-IOL azivamile , kodwa kuhle ukuzazi. Nazi ezimbalwa:

• I-Posterior capsular opacification: Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-cataract yesibili.Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ungqimba lwezinto luvela ngemuva kwelensi efakiwe, izinyanga noma iminyaka ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lena inqubo evamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa, futhi kuyinto wonke umuntu angayilindela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukwelapha lokhu kuyashesha futhi kulula, ngokuvamile kwenziwa ehhovisi kusetshenziswa "i-laser".
• Ukuhlukana kwe -IOL: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-IOL yakho isuka endaweni yayo evamile. Usengozini enkulu uma unezimo ezithile zamehlo , njenge-pseudoexfoliation syndrome, noma uma uke walimala iso noma wahlinzwa iso ngaphambilini. Izimo ezithile zofuzo , njenge-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome kanye ne-Marfan syndrome, nazo zingandisa ingozi yakho. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukuze kulungiswe noma kushintshwe i-IOL.
• I-Uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (UGH) syndrome: I-UGH syndrome yenzeka lapho i-IOL icasula iris yakho nezinye izingxenye zeso lakho. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi, ukucindezeleka okuphezulu kwangaphakathi kweso, kanye nezinye izimpawu. Njengokuhlukana kwe-IOL, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe i-IOL noma kufakwe entsha. Lena inkinga engavamile kakhulu abantu abaningi abangayiboni ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okuvamile.
• Ukukhanya kwe-IOL: Yilapho ilensi yakho ye-IOL iba namafu. Ukubona kwakho kungase kungacaci kahle, futhi ungase ubone ukukhanya okuzungeze izibani. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokuhlinzwa ukuze kufakwe i-IOL entsha. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu kuma-IOL anamuhla.
• Ushintsho olungalindelekile lombono (`Isimangaliso Sokugqama`): `Isimangaliso Sokugqama` yilapho umbono wakho ungabukhali njengoba wena nodokotela wakho wamehlo benilindele ngemuva kokufakelwa i-`IOL`. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzophakamisa izixazululo eziningana. Ungawamukela umbono wakho njengoba unjalo futhi ungenzi lutho olunye. Noma ungagqoka izibuko, uhlinzwe ngokulungiswa kombono nge-`laser` njenge-`LASIK` noma i-`PRK`, noma uhlinzwe ngokushintshana kwelensi ye-`IOL`.

Ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukufaka ama-IOL, khuluma nodokotela wakho wamehlo mayelana nezinkinga ezingaba khona kanye nezinga lakho lengozi. Uzokutshela ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha, impilo yamehlo, nezinye izici. Futhi, buza ngemiphumela emibi evamile ehlobene nokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract noma ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha ilensi ye-intraocular. Kubalulekile ukuba nalo lonke ulwazi oludingayo ukuze wenze isinqumo esifanele kuwe.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Amalensi angaphakathi kweso (ama-IOL) ngempela awubuchwepheshe obuhle kakhulu obungasiza abantu abaningi ukubona umhlaba ngokucacile kunanini ngaphambili. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, ama-IOL anikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kanye nezinkinga ezimbalwa. Uma ukhetha i-IOL yakho, kungaba usizo ukwenza uhlu lwezinto eziza kuqala kuwe (izici ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwe). Futhi, bhala phansi izinto "ezimnandi ukuba nazo, kodwa ezingabalulekile." Yabelana ngalolu lwazi nodokotela wakho wamehlo. Bese, ndawonye, ​​​​ningenza isinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Khumbula, lawa amehlo akho, umbono wakho. Ngakho-ke kuyilungelo lakho ukukhetha okukulungele.

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I- IOL, Amalensi Angaphakathi Kweso, I-Cataract, Ukulungiswa Kokubona, Ukuhlinzwa Kwamehlo, I-Monofocal, I-Multifocal, I-Toric