Funda ngemizwa nemisipha yakho ngokuhlolwa kwe-EMG (Electromyography)! Singaxoxa ngalokhu?

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzwa ukungakhululeki ezithweni zakho? Noma uzizwa ubuthakathaka noma ubuhlungu emisipheni yakho? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ngokuhlolwa kwe-EMG (Electromyography) . Unemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi iyini le EMG, kungani yenziwa, nokuthi yenziwa kanjani, akunjalo? Ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizoxoxa ngakho konke kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Kuyini i-EMG (i-Electromyography)?

Kalula nje, i-EMG (i-Electromyography) iwukuhlolwa okukhethekile okuhlola impilo kanye nokusebenza kwemisipha yakho yamathambo - imisipha esiyilawulayo ngamabomu (njengaleyo esiyisebenzisa ukuhambisa izingalo zethu nokuhamba) - kanye nemizwa elawula leyo misipha. Lolu uhlobo lokuhlolwa kwe -electrodiagnostic .

Yonke intshukumo esiyenzayo, njengokuphakamisa umlenze noma ukunikina ikhanda, iwumphumela wokuxhumana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwesistimu yakho yezinzwa ephakathi (ubuchopho nomgogodla) , imizwa, nemisipha. Ukuze kukhiqizwe ukunyakaza, imizwa yakho ye-motor , imizwa elawula ukunyakaza, ithumela izimpawu zikagesi emisipheni yakho. Ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG kungabona izinkinga ngalezi zinzwa ze-motor, imisipha, noma ukuxhumana phakathi kwalezi zibili.

Odokotela bezinzwa bavame ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG kanye ne -Nerve Conduction Study (NCS) . I-NCS ilinganisa ijubane kanye nenani lezimpawu zikagesi ezihamba emsipheni. I-EMG ilinganisa ukuthi imisipha isabela kanjani kulowo msebenzi kagesi nokuthi kukhiqizwa umsebenzi kagesi ongakanani lapho imisipha ifinyela.

Uma unezimpawu ezifana nobuthakathaka bemisipha, ukungazweli, noma ukuqaqamba, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi wenze i-EMG. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa endaweni yokulaliswa esibhedlela, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa ngenkathi usesibhedlela.

Yini engatholakala ekuhlolweni kwe-EMG?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG kungasiza ekuxilongeni izifo eziningi ezahlukene nezimo ezithinta izinzwa zakho zomzimba kanye nemisipha . Kungaphinde kunqume ukuthi lezi zinkinga zisakazeke kangakanani nokuthi zitholakala kuphi. Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa nokususa isimo esithile.

Nazi ezinye izinhlobo zezimo ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG okungasiza ekuxilongeni:

• Izinkinga ezithinta izinzwa zangaphandle: Isibonelo , izimo zokucindezela izinzwa ezifana ne-peripheral neuropathy kanye ne-carpal tunnel syndrome .
• Izinkinga ezithinta izimpande zemizwa eziphuma emgogodleni: isibonelo, imizwa ecindezelwe, i-cervical radiculopathy , noma i-sciatica .
• Izinkinga zemisipha (i-myopathies): Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-muscular dystrophy , i-polymyositis , kanye ne -dermatomyositis .
• Izimo ezithinta ama-motor neurons ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni: isibonelo , i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) noma i-post-polio syndrome .
• Izimo ezithinta ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinzwa nemisipha: isibonelo , i-myasthenia gravis .

Khumbula, ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG akuyona yodwa indlela yokuthola lezi zimo. Odokotela basebenzisa nokuhlolwa kwezithombe, njenge-X-ray, i-CT scans, i-MRI scans, ukuhlolwa kwegazi , kanye ne-muscle biopsies.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG kusebenza kanjani?

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG kusebenza kanjani, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi imisipha yethu isebenza kanjani.

Ama-neuron akho e-motor athumela izimpawu zikagesi emisipheni yakho, ewatshela ukuthi enzeni. (Lezi zimpawu ziqala ebuchosheni bakho, bese zihamba ngomgogodla wakho, ngama-neuron e-motor, ziye emisipheni yakho.) Lokhu kuvuselelwa kukagesi kubangela ukuthi imisipha inciphe (iqinise). Lapho imisipha incipha, umsebenzi kagesi nawo uyakhiqizwa.

Ngokuvamile, umsipha ophumule awunawo umsebenzi kagesi. Uma umsipha ufinyela kancane, kwenzeka umsebenzi kagesi, futhi uma ufinyela kakhulu, uyanda kakhulu.

Ekuhlolweni kwe-EMG, udokotela noma uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe ufaka inaliti encane kakhulu (i-electrode yenaliti) komunye wemisipha yakho. I-electrode ekule naliti iqopha umsebenzi kagesi wemisipha. Inaliti ayithumeli ugesi emzimbeni wakho. Ifana nemakrofoni, iqopha kuphela.

I-electrode yenaliti iqopha umsebenzi kagesi uma ubamba imisipha inganyakazi nalapho uyifinyeza. Le naliti ixhunywe kwikhompyutha ngekhebula. Udokotela angabe esebona esikrinini ukuthi kwenzekani uma imisipha yakho inganyakazi nalapho uyishukumisa. Lokhu kuvela njengamagagasi esikrinini. Ngezinye izikhathi ungazwa futhi ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwalo msebenzi kagesi usebenzisa i-audio amplifier.

Udokotela ube esehlaziya lokhu kufundwa ukuze abone ukuthi kukhona yini izimpawu zenkinga. Isibonelo, uma omunye wemisipha yakho wonakele, ungase ubonise ukusebenza kukagesi okungajwayelekile uma uphumule. Futhi, uma uncipha, umsebenzi kagesi ungase ubonise amaphethini amagagasi angajwayelekile.

Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG?

Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-EMG, kufanele wenze okulandelayo:

• Woza ugeze, uhlanzekile, futhi ugqoke izingubo ezikhululekile nezikhululekile.
• Ungafaki noma yimaphi ama-cream , ama-lotion, noma ama-perfume esikhumbeni. Ama-cream nama-lotion angathinta ukunemba kokuhlolwa.
• Uma uthatha ama-anticoagulant (njenge-warfarin), qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela ukuthi ubani owenza ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG. Ama-blood thinner angandisa kancane ingozi yokopha ngemva kwe-EMG. Kodwa-ke, ungayeki ukuwathatha ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela owakunikezile.
• Sitshele futhi uma une-pacemaker noma enye idivayisi yezokwelapha kagesi efakiwe.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi ugweme ukubhema ugwayi noma ukuphuza iziphuzo ezine-caffeine , njengekhofi noma itiye, amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lezi zinto zingaphazamisa ukuhlolwa.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-EMG?

Odokotela bezinzwa bavame ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG ngemuva kokwenza ucwaningo lokuqhuba imizwa (i-NCS). Ku-NCS, udokotela ubeka ama-electrode (njengezitikha) esikhumbeni sakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela ufaka okuthile okuzwakala njengokushaqeka okuncane kukagesi ezinzwa bese eqopha impendulo. Ngokuvamile, izinzwa eziningana ziyahlolwa ngale ndlela.

Indlela ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG okwenziwa ngayo ingahluka kancane, kuye ngokuthi kungani ukuhlolwa kanye nemisipha nemizwa kuhlolwa. Kodwa ngokuvamile ungalindela into efana nale:

• Uzotshelwa ukuthi uhlale phansi noma ulale phansi.
• Udokotela ukhetha imisipha afuna ukuyihlola.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa ama-electrode enaliti amancane kakhulu esikhumbeni sakho angene emisipheni. Lawa manaliti ahlala emisipheni cishe umzuzu owodwa noma emibili. Ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile noma ubuhlungu lapho kufakwa amanaliti.
• Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi ukhulule imisipha, bese uyisebenzisa ngezindlela ezithile, njengokuphakamisa noma ukugoba ingalo noma umlenze.
• Umshini ulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wemisipha yakho esebenzayo bese uwubonisa esikrinini. Wenzelwe futhi ukukhiqiza umsindo.
• Ngemva kokuba idatha eyanele isiqoshwe emsipheni, inaliti iyasuswa.
• Umsipha olandelayo uhlolwa ngale ndlela kuze kube yilapho ukuhlolwa kuqediwe.

Ingabe ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG kubuhlungu?

Ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki lapho inaliti ifakwa esikhumbeni nasemisipheni.Iningi labantu lingaphumelela kulesi sivivinyo ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Ngemva kokuhlolwa, imisipha ehlolwe ingase ibe buhlungu kancane izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG?

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-60 kuya kwengama-90 , kuye ngokuthi udokotela wakho ufuna ukuhlola imisipha engakanani.

Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-EMG?

Imisipha yakho ingase izwakale ibuhlungu noma iqine izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kubuhlungu kwemisipha ngokuvamile akubi kakhulu futhi kufanele kuphele phakathi nesonto. Ungase ubone nemivimbo emincane lapho kwafakwa khona izinaliti.

Yiziphi izingozi zokuhlolwa kwe-EMG?

I-EMG ngokuvamile iyisivivinyo esiphephile. Izinkinga azivamile. Abanye abantu (ikakhulukazi labo abathatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi ) bangase baphume igazi ngemva kokuhlolwa.

Ithini imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-EMG?

Nakuba ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG kuwusizo kakhulu, akuvamile ukuhlinzeka ngokuxilongwa ngokwako. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlanganisa le miphumela nemiphumela yezinye izivivinyo zezokwelapha ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwazi imiphumela?

Ngokuvamile uzothola imiphumela yakho zingakapheli amahora angama-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngemva kokuphothulwa kokuhlolwa.

Kufanele ngimazise nini udokotela wami nge-EMG yami?

Shayela udokotela wakho uma lokhu kwenzeka:

• Uma ukopha kungayeki.
• Uma kukhona ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuqina lapho kufakwe khona izinaliti.
• Uma kukhona izimpawu ezifana nokubomvu, ukufudumala, ukuvuvukala, noma umkhuhlane , lezi zingase zibe izimpawu zokutheleleka.

Ingabe i-EMG ibonisa inzwa ecindezelwe?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG kungasiza ekuxilongeni inzwa ecindezelwe nezinkinga ezihlobene nayo. Kodwa-ke, i-EMG "ayibonisi" inzwa ecindezelwe. Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe njenge-X-ray, i-CT scans, kanye ne-MRI scans kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi inzwa icindezelwe kanjani nokuthi yini ebangela lokho (isibonelo, idiski elihlungiwe ).

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Uma unezimpawu zesifo semisipha, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa, noma ukulimala, ukuhlolwa kwe-EMG (Electromyography) kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi afunde kabanzi ngalokho okwenzekayo. Kungakusiza futhi ukuhlela ukwelashwa okudingayo.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalolu vivinyo, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Ukhona ukukusiza nokukukwenza uzizwe ukhululekile. Khumbula, lezi zivivinyo zenzelwa ukuqonda kangcono impilo yakho nokukunikeza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

I - EMG, i-Electromyography, Ukuhlolwa kwe-Neurological, Ukuhlolwa kwemisipha, Izifo ze-Neurological, Izifo ze-Muscle, i-Electrodiagnostics, Ucwaningo lokuqhuba imizwa, i-NCS