Ake sifunde ngokuhlolwa kwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Ake sixoxe ngemininingwane ngaphandle kokwesaba!

Wake wezwa nge-MRI scan? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho ukucele ukuba uyenze. Noma mhlawumbe umngane noma isihlobo sakhe saba nayo. Ngakho-ke, cishe unemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi iyini i-MRI, kungani yenziwa, nokuthi kwenzekani ngemva kwayo. Ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizoxoxa ngalolu vivinyo lwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Iyini ngempela i-MRI (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging)?

Kalula nje, i-MRI iwukuhlolwa okungenabuhlungu okusivumela ukuthi sibone ingaphakathi lemizimba yethu, njengezitho nezicubu, ngokucacile . Isebenzisa i-magnet enkulu, amaza omsakazo, kanye nekhompyutha ukudala izithombe ezinemininingwane zengaphakathi lemizimba yethu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ayisebenzisi ama-X-ray, noma imisebe.

Ngokuvamile, uma umuntu edinga ukuhlolwa njalo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana nobuchopho, odokotela bakhetha le MRI. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi njengoba kungekho misebe, ayibangeli monakalo omkhulu uma yenziwa njalo. Cabanga nje, lapho welapha ezinye izifo, kufanele uqhubeke uhlola ukuze ubone ukuthi lesi sifo siya siba sibi noma singcono. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-MRI iwusizo kakhulu.

Iyini 'i-Open MRI'?

Manje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemishini ye-MRI. Eyodwa uhlobo lwe-'Open MRI'. Kulokhu, ulala embhedeni, futhi kukhona omaginethi ababili abayisicaba ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwakho. Lokhu kudala isikhala esikhulu kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Abanye abantu bazizwa bengena ocingweni uma bengena kolunye uhlobo lomshini we-MRI. Kubo, i-'Open MRI' inhle kakhulu ngoba ayiminyene kangako.

Kodwa kunenkinga encane. Izithombe ezithathwe ngalo mshini 'we-Open MRI' azicacile njengalezo ezithathwe ngezinye imishini 'ye-Closed-bore MRI'. Umshini 'we-Closed-bore MRI' unendilinga enama-magnets nxazonke. Ufana nepayipi. Ungena ngaphakathi kwalelo payipi. Ngakho-ke lincane kancane, futhi akukho sikhala esiningi phakathi kwekhanda lakho nengxenye yomshini engenhla. Ngenxa yalokhu, abanye abantu bangase bazizwe bengakhululekile futhi besaba. Kodwa-ke, izithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu zingathathwa ngalo mshini.

Uma wenza i-MRI scan futhi ukhathazekile ngokuba sezindaweni ezixineneyo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Uzokwazi ukukunikeza imithi yokudambisa ubuhlungu noma ngisho ne-anesthesia uma kudingeka.

Iyini i-MRI ene-'contrast'?

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-MRI, unikezwa umjovo omncane wezinto eziphikisanayo. Iqukethe insimbi engavamile ebizwa ngokuthi i-gadolinium. Uma le nto ifakwa emzimbeni wakho, ishintsha izakhiwo zikagesi zama-molecule amanzi aseduze. Lokhu kwenza izithombe zicace bha . Lokhu kwandisa ukuzwela kanye nokucaca kwesithombe.

Ukusebenzisa lokhu 'okuphambene' kwandisa ukucaca kwalezi zinto:

• Amathumba
• Izimo zokuvuvukala (`Ukuvuvukala`)
• Ukutheleleka
• Indlela igazi elinikezwa ngayo ezithweni ezithile zomzimba
• Imithambo yegazi

Uma i-MRI yakho idinga lolu hlobo lwezinto zokuhlukanisa, umhlinzeki wezempilo uzofaka i-cannula encane ("i-catheter emithanjeni (umugqa we-IV)") emthanjeni osengalweni noma esandleni sakho. Yilapho umuthi ujovwa khona.

Lokhu 'okuphambene' kuyimithi ephephile . Ngezinye izikhathi imiphumela emibi emincane ingaba khona, kodwa ukusabela okukhulu akuvamile kakhulu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-MRI ne-CT scan?

I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) isebenzisa omazibuthe, amaza omsakazo, kanye nekhompyutha ukudala izithombe zangaphakathi lomzimba. Kodwa-ke, ama-CT (Computed Tomography) scan asebenzisa ama-X-ray namakhompyutha.

Odokotela bavame ukukhetha i-MRI kune-CT scan ukuze babheke izicubu ezithambile , okuyizingxenye zomzimba ezingezona amathambo. I-MRI scans nayo iphephile ngoba ayinayo imisebe ye-ionizing efana ne-X-ray.

Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa i-MRI ingabona izinto ezifana nobuchopho bakho, umgogodla, imizwa, imisipha, imisipha, kanye nemisipha ngokucacile kakhulu kune-X-ray evamile kanye ne-CT scans.

Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu ongaba ne-MRI. Insimu enamandla yamagnetic ye-MRI ingashukumisa ezinye izifakelo zensimbi emzimbeni, noma ithinte ukusebenza kwamadivayisi afana ne-pacemakers namaphampu e-insulin. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-CT scan iyindlela elandelayo engcono kakhulu.

I-MRI scan ivame ukubiza kancane kune-X-ray noma i-CT scan.

Yini engahlolwa nge-MRI?

Sizwile ukuthi i-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) ingathatha izithombe ezinemininingwane zengaphakathi lomzimba wakho. Ngakho-ke, odokotela "bangabona" ​​izinto eziningi ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho ngale MRI, okuhlanganisa:

• Ubuchopho bakho kanye nezicubu zezinzwa ezibuzungezile .
• Izitho zomzimba esifubeni nasesiswini. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi inhliziyo, isibindi, umgudu wenyongo, izinso, ubende, amathumbu, i-pancreas, kanye nezindlala ze-adrenal.
• Izicubu zesifuba.
• Umgogodla wakho kanye nomgogodla .
• Izitho zesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Lezi zihlanganisa izitho zesinyi kanye nezokuzala (isibeletho nama-ovari kwabesifazane, i-prostate gland kwabesilisa).
• Imithambo yegazi.
• Ama-lymph node.

Ngidinga nini i-MRI?

Odokotela basebenzisa ama-MRI scan ukuze bahlole izimo ezahlukene zezokwelapha futhi babone ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-MRI, kuye ngokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wakho ofuna ukuyibona.

I-MRI yobuchopho nomgogodla isiza ekuxilongeni nasekwelapha izimo ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yobuchopho.
• Izimila zobuchopho kanye nezimila zomgogodla.
• Ukulimala ebuchosheni noma emgogodleni ngenxa yengozi.
• Ukucindezelwa noma ukuvuvukala komgogodla kanye nemizwa (isb., `imizwa ecindezelwe`).
• I-Multiple sclerosis (MS).
• Izifo ezihlobene nomgogodla.
• Isakhiwo kanye nendawo yomgogodla.
• Isifo sohlangothi.

Ama-MRI enhliziyo (inhliziyo) asetshenziswa ngezizathu eziningana:

• Bheka ubukhulu bamakamelo enhliziyo yakho, ama-valve enhliziyo, imithambo yegazi emikhulu nokuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani kuwo, kanye nesimo kanye nomsebenzi wezakhiwo ezizungezile.
• Thola izimo zenhliziyo, njengezimila, izifo, kanye nezimo zokuvuvukala.
• Hlola imiphumela yesifo semithambo yenhliziyo. Isibonelo, ukugeleza kwegazi okulinganiselwe kuya emisipheni yenhliziyo, ukusha kwemisipha yenhliziyo ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
• Bona isakhiwo kanye nomsebenzi wenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abanesifo senhliziyo abazalwa naso.

Ama-MRI kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (ama-Body MRI) angabheka izakhiwo nezimo ezifana nalezi:

• Amaqhubu esifubeni sakho, esiswini, noma ethangeni.
• Izifo zesibindi, njenge-cirrhosis, kanye nezinkinga ze-bile ducts kanye ne-pancreas.
• Isifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo, isibonelo, isifo sikaCrohn kanye nesifo sofuba esiswini.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi kanye nokuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi (i-vasculitis).
• Umbungu osakhula esibelethweni.

I-MRI yamathambo namalunga isiza ukuhlola:

• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo (i-osteomyelitis).
• Izimila zamathambo.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-disc kuma-disc phakathi kwamathambo omgogodla.
• Izinkinga zamalunga ezibangelwa ukulimala.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela benza i-MRI yamabele kanye ne-mammography ukuthola umdlavuza webele, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abanezicubu zebele eziqinile noma labo abasengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza webele.

Ingabe kuphephile ukwenza i-MRI?

Ngokuvamile, uma kulandelwa izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele , ukuskena kwe-MRI kuyinqubo ephephile kakhulu . Akubeki ingozi kumuntu ojwayelekile.

Amandla kazibuthe anamandla akhishwa umshini we-MRI awakulimazi. Kodwa-ke, angabangela ukuthi amanye amadivayisi ezokwelapha afakwe emzimbeni wakho angasebenzi kahle noma angase aphazamise izithombe.

Uma i-MRI yakho isebenzisa izinto ezibonisa ukungezwani komzimba, ungase ungabi nokusabela okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba. Lokhu kusabela ngokuvamile kuncane futhi kungalawulwa ngemithi. Uma unesifo sokungezwani komzimba, uchwepheshe wezempilo uzobe ekhona ukukusiza ngokushesha.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe abanikezwa ama-MRI ane-gadolinium contrast ngaphandle uma kudingeka ngempela , njengoba izingozi ezithinta umbungu azaziwa ngokugcwele.

Ubani okungafanele enze i-MRI?

Ezimweni eziningi, kuphephile ngabantu abanezitho zensimbi ukwenza i-MRI. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo azinjalo . Uma idivayisi onayo ingaqinisekisiwe njengephephile kwi-MRI, ungase ungakwazi ukwenza i-MRI. Amadivayisi anjalo afaka:

• Izitho zokufakelwa zensimbi.
• Ezinye izimila ze-cochlear.
• Ezinye izinhlobo zama-clip asetshenziselwa i-cerebral aneurysms.
• Ezinye izinhlobo zezinsimbi ezigoqekayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
• Amanye ama-defibrillator amadala enhliziyo kanye nama-pacemaker.
• Izikhuthazi zemizwa ye-vagal.

Uma udokotela wakho ekucela ukuba wenze i-MRI, uzobuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nanoma yimaphi amadivayisi ezokwelapha onawo ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle komzimba wakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba neqiniso ngakho konke lokhu.

Ubani owenza i-MRI?

I-MRI yakho izokwenziwa yi-radiologist noma i-radiology technologist. I-radiologist udokotela ohlola futhi ahlaziye lezi zithombe ukuze ahlole izifo. I-radiology technologist ingcweti yezempilo eqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile futhi eqinisekisiwe ukwenza ama-MRI scan.

Usebenza kanjani umshini we-MRI?

Nansi indlela umshini we-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) osebenza ngayo: Ugesi udlula ngentambo, udala insimu yamagnetic yesikhashana emzimbeni wakho. Bese kuthi umshini wokudlulisa/wokwamukela emshinini uthumela futhi wamukele amaza omsakazo. Ikhompyutha isebenzisa lezi zimpawu ukudala izithombe zedijithali zendawo eskenwayo. Akuyona yini ubuchwepheshe obumangalisayo?

Ngingalungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kwe-MRI?

Ngenxa yokuthi isithwebuli se-MRI sisebenzisa omaginethi abanamandla namagagasi omsakazo, ezinye izinto zensimbi emzimbeni wakho zingase zishise noma zihambe. Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga zempilo nokuphepha. Kungabangela nokuthi amanye amadivayisi ezokwelapha kagesi angaphakathi emzimbeni wakho angasebenzi kahle.

Okubalulekile: Uma unezinto zensimbi noma amadivayisi ezokwelapha afakiwe emzimbeni wakho, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho kanye nochwepheshe we-MRI ngazo ngaphambi kwe-MRI..

Ezinye izimila zingadinga ukuhlela okwengeziwe kanye nemiyalelo ekhethekile. Ezinye zingase zingadingi imiyalelo ekhethekile, kodwa kungadingeka uthathe i-X-ray ukuze ubone kahle ukuthi isimila sikuphi ngaphambi kwenqubo.

Sicela utshele udokotela wakho kanye nochwepheshe we-MRI uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu:

• I-pacemaker noma i-defibrillator yenhliziyo.
• Izikhuthazi noma amadivayisi e-elekthronikhi noma afakwe. Isibonelo: izikhuthazi zobuchopho obujulile, izikhuthazi zemizwa ye-vagus, izikhuthazi zesinye, izikhuthazi zomgogodla, izikhuthazi ze-neuro, kanye nama-electrode noma izintambo ezifakwe.
• Izitho zokufakelwa zensimbi.
• I-Cochlear implant noma ezinye izithombo zendlebe.
• Amaphampu emithi afakwe. Isibonelo, lawo afaka imithi yokwelapha/yobuhlungu noma imithi yokwelapha ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.
• I-shunt ehlelekayo.
• Ama-Aneurysm clips nama-coil.
• Ama-stents awatholakali enhliziyweni yakho.
• Izihlungi, isib. izihlungi zamahlule egazi.
• Izingcezu zensimbi emzimbeni wakho noma emehlweni. Isibonelo, izinhlamvu, izingcezu zensimbi, noma isibhamu.

Awukwazi ukugqoka la madivayisi ngesikhathi se-MRI. Zama ukuwagqoka ngesikhathi se-MRI ngosuku oshintsha ngalo i-patch noma idivayisi yakho:

• Isiqaphi se-glucose esiqhubekayo (CGM).
• Iphampu ye-insulin.
• Amapheshi emithi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, tshela udokotela wakho ngalezi zinto:

• " Ukhulelwe ?"
• Kunzima yini ukulala ngomhlane imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60?
• Ingabe unokwesaba izindawo ezivalekile (i-claustrophobia)?

Shiya zonke izinto zokuhloba nezinye izesekeli ekhaya, noma uzisuse ngaphambi kwe-MRI. Izinto zensimbi neze-elekthronikhi azivunyelwe egumbini lokuhlolwa. Zingaphazamisa insimu yamagnetic yomshini we-MRI, zibangele ukusha, noma zibe 'iziqhumane eziyingozi'. Izibonelo zifaka:

• Ubucwebe, amawashi, amakhadi esikweletu, kanye nezinsiza zokuzwa - konke kungaphuka.
• Amaphini, amaphini ezinwele zensimbi, ama-brassiere angaphansi kwentambo, kanye nama-zipper ensimbi - lokhu kungaphazamisa izithombe ze-MRI.
• Amazinyo okufakelwa asuswayo.
• Amapeni, imimese ephaketheni kanye nezibuko.
• Ukubhoboza umzimba.
• Omakhalekhukhwini, amawashi kagesi kanye namadivayisi okulandelela.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI?

Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlolwa kanye nemishini esetshenzisiwe, lonke ukuhlolwa ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-50 ukuqeda.Kuzothatha isikhathi. Kuye ngesizathu sokuskena kwakho, udokotela wakho angase akwazi ukukunikeza isikhathi esinembile kakhudlwana.

Kunjani okuhlangenwe nakho lapho kwenziwa i-MRI?

Iningi le-MRI scan alibuhlungu . Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bakuthole kunzima ukuhlala bethule imizuzu engama-30 noma ngaphezulu. Abanye bangase bazizwe besaba umuzwa wokuvalelwa ngaphakathi komshini we-MRI. Umshini ungenza umsindo omncane .

Nazi ezinye izinto ezivame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-MRI nokuthi yini okufanele uyilindele:

• Ukuze uhlolwe nge-MRI, kuzodingeka ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela.
• Ezivivinyweni eziningi, kuzodingeka ulale ubheke phezulu embhedeni wokuskena we-MRI.
• Umbhede wokuskena we-MRI ufakwa ngaphakathi komshini we-MRI.
• Uma ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI kuqala, uzozwa uchungechunge lwemisindo yokuchofoza nokuthinta okukhulu njengoba umshini uthatha izithombe. Lokhu kungase kuqhubeke imizuzu embalwa. Ngaphambi kokuba ukuhlolwa kuqale, uzonikezwa ama-earplug noma ama-headphone ukuvikela izindlebe zakho.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uthule ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ukuze uthole izithombe ezisezingeni eliphezulu .
• Kuvamile ukuzwa ukufudumala okuncane engxenyeni yomzimba wakho eskeniwayo. Uma lokhu kukukhathaza, tshela udokotela wemisebe noma uchwepheshe.
• Uchwepheshe we-MRI angakubona ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi angakhuluma nawe. Kukhona uhlelo lwe-intercom olunezindlela ezimbili ngenkathi ungaphakathi kwesikena. Unenkinobho yokushaya ucingo esandleni sakho. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, ungazisa uchwepheshe.

Kwezinye izimo, i-MRI yakho ingadinga izinto zokuhlukanisa. Uma kunjalo, umhlinzeki wezempilo uzokunikeza izinto zokuhlukanisa nge-IV ngaphambi kwe-MRI. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuvela enalini ye-IV, kodwa abubuhlungu kakhulu. Ungase futhi uzwe amanxeba ngemva kwalokho. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokunambitheka kwensimbi okwesikhashana emlonyeni wabo ngemva kokujova izinto zokuhlukanisa.

Uma une-claustrophobia, udokotela wakho angakunika umuthi wokudambisa noma wokubulala izinzwa ukuze akusize uhlale uzolile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi ye-'contrast' ye-MRI?

Akuvamile kakhulu , abanye abantu abake baba nezinto zokulinganisa ezisetshenziswe kwi-MRI bangase babe nemiphumela emibi efana nalokhu:

• Isicanucanu.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .
• Ubuhlungu endaweni yomjovo.

Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezihlukile, njengezihlathi namehlo alumayo, akuvamile kakhulu . Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba, tshela uchwepheshe. Isisebenzi sezempilo sizoba lapho ukukunikeza usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Abantu abanesifo sezinso bangase babe nenkinga engavamile ebizwa ngokuthi i-nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), ebangela ukuqina kwesikhumba, izitho zomzimba, kanye nezinye izicubu uma behlolwa i-MRI ene-contrast. Ngakho-ke, abantu abanesifo sezinso esibi kakhulu bangase bangakwazi ukuthola ama-contrast agents asekelwe ku-gadolinium e-MRI.

Kunobufakazi bokuthi ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-MRI ene-contrast, inani elincane kakhulu le-gadolinium lingasala ezithweni ezahlukene emzimbeni wakho. Nakuba lokhu kungenayo imiphumela emibi eyaziwayo, udokotela wakho angase acabangele lokhu 'ukugcinwa kwe-gadolinium' lapho ekhetha i-contrast agent.

Kwenzekani ngemva kwe-MRI?

Ngaphandle kokuthi uthathe umuthi wokudambisa ukuze uhlolwe nge-MRI, awudingi isikhathi esikhethekile sokululama. Ungaya ekhaya uyokwenza imisebenzi yakho evamile. Kodwa-ke, uma uthathe umuthi wokudambisa ukuze uhlolwe, kuzodingeka ululame emiphumeleni yomuthi ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya. Ungadinga othile ozokushayela ekhaya.

Ngizoyazi nini imiphumela ye-MRI?

Ngemva kokuskena kwakho kwe-MRI, udokotela we-radiologist uzohlaziya izithombe. Udokotela we-radiologist uzothumela umbiko osayiniwe kumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa oyinhloko, udokotela wakho. Uzokutshela imiphumela. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uphinde uhlolwe (ukuhlolwa okulandelayo). Uma kunjalo, udokotela wakho uzochaza ukuthi kungani.

Khumbula njengesifinyezo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) iwukuhlolwa kwezithombe okuwusizo kakhulu futhi okuphephile ngokuvamile odokotela abakusebenzisa ngezizathu ezahlukene. Uma uhlolwa nge-MRI futhi unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nokuhlolwa, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Bakhona ukukusiza nokukusekela.

Khumbula, i-MRI akuyona i-X-ray. Isebenzisa amandla kazibuthe anamandla kanye namagagasi omsakazo. Ngakho-ke akukho misebe. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinto zensimbi emzimbeni wakho, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngakho.

Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi esizayo lapho uzwa nge-MRI, usuyiqonda kangcono, akunjalo?

I - MRI, i-MRI, ukuskena, ukuthwebula izithombe ze-magnetic resonance, ukuxilongwa, ukuhlolwa kwezempilo, ubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha