Ingabe uke waba neqhubu elincane emzimbeni wakho elibomvu, elivuvukele, futhi elibuhlungu uma ulithinta? Lingase lizwakale lifudumele kancane. Abantu abaningi abazinaki lezi zinto, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ziyini ngempela, ukuthi kungani zakha, nokuthi kufanele sikhathazeke nini ngazo. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalezi ziqhubu ezigcwele ubomvu, noma njengoba sibiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi, 'amathumba.'
Yini ngempela ithumba?
Kalula nje, ithumba liyiqhubu elakheka ngaphansi kwesikhumba sethu elakhiwe ubomvu, amagciwane, kanye namaseli afile. Ngokuvamile lingahlukahluka ngombala kusukela kopinki kuya kobomvu obumnyama. Lizwakala lithambile futhi libuhlungu uma ulithinta.
Lokhu kungakheka noma kuphi emzimbeni. Kodwa kuvame ukutholakala eduze kwamakhwapha, indunu, kanye nesitho sangasese sowesifazane (isibonelo, ithumba le-Bartholin gland), umhlane ongezansi (ithumba le-pilonidal), impande yezinyo (ithumba lamazinyo), kanye nendawo yemibundu. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-follicle yezinwele iyavaleka futhi itheleleke, futhi la mathumba abizwa nangokuthi amathumba/ama-furuncles.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, ngokungafani nezinye izifo, la mathumba avame ukuphola ngama-antibiotic kuphela. Ukuze ithumba liphole, kudingeka livulwe bese ubomvu obungaphakathi buphuma.
Kungani sithola amathumba anje emizimbeni yethu?
Cabanga ngesikhumba sethu njengesivikelo somzimba wethu. Uma lesi sivikelo siphukile ngenxa yokusikeka okuncane, inxeba, noma ukuklwebheka, kuba lula ngamabhaktheriya avela endaweni ezungezile ukungena emzimbeni.
Amangqamuzana okuzivikela omzimba wethu (amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe) eza lapho ukuze alwe namagciwane angena. Amagciwane afayo kulo mlo, amangqamuzana omzimba, kanye namangqamuzana egazi amhlophe ahlangana ukuze akhe "ubomvu." Lobo bomvu buyakha kancane kancane futhi budale ingcindezi ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Kungenxa yalokhu kucindezeleka kanye nokutheleleka ukuthi sizwa ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, nokuvuvukala.
Ngezinye izikhathi lesi simo singabangelwa nokuvaleka kwe-sweat gland, i-oil gland (i-sebaceous gland), noma i-hair follicle.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola amathumba?
Nakuba kungenzeka kunoma ubani, abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuba nakho. Amathumba akhula, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezivikeli mzimba ezibuthakathaka, angaba mabi kakhulu. Abantu abanezimo ezilandelayo kufanele baqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu.
| Isici Sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izifo ezinciphisa amasosha omzimba | Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umdlavuza, ingculaza kanye nesifo se-sickle cell. |
| Ukwelashwa okutholiwe | Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-steroid kanye ne-chemotherapy yomdlavuza. |
| Ezinye izinkinga zempilo | Isifo sikaCrohn, i-ulcerative colitis, izinkinga zemithambo yegazi. |
| Indlela yokuphila kanye nemvelo | Ukungahlanzeki komuntu siqu, ukuhlala endaweni engcolile, ukujova izidakamizwa, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile. |
Izinto ongazenza ekhaya nezinto okufanele uziqaphele
Uma isimila sincane kunesentimitha elilodwa (ngaphansi kwengxenye yesentimitha), ungazama inani elincane ekhaya.
- Ukucindezela Okushisayo: Cwilisa indwangu ehlanzekile emanzini ashisayo bese uyibeka emathunjini imizuzu engama-20-30, cishe izikhathi ezine ngosuku. Lokhu kushisa kungandisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, kusize ukubila ukuthi kuqhume ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi kukhulule ubomvu.
Kodwa ungalokothi wenze lezi zinto!
Ungacindezeli noma ucindezele ithumba. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukuthi ukutheleleka kusabalale kakhulu futhi kwenze isimo sibe sibi kakhulu. Futhi, ungabhobozi ithumba ngezinto ezibukhali njengezinaliti noma izikhonkwane. Ukwenza kanjalo kungalimaza umthambo wegazi ongaphansi noma kusakaze ukutheleleka.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Amakhambi asekhaya awasebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezimweni ezilandelayo, kufanele nakanjani ubonane nodokotela wakho. Kwezinye izimo, kungadingeka uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
| Uphawu noma isimo | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Bona udokotela wakho... | |
| Uma isimila sikhulu kuno-1 cm. | Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. |
| Uma isimila siqhubeka nokukhula noma ubuhlungu bukhula. | |
| Uma isimila siseduze nendunu, imbobo, noma indawo yokuzala. | |
| Uma unomkhuhlane. | |
| Uma ubona imicu ebomvu isakazeka kusukela emathunjini (isibonakaliso sokusabalala kokutheleleka). | |
| Yiya e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha... | |
| Uma unomkhuhlane ongaphezu kuka-102°F (38.9°C) (ikakhulukazi uma unesinye isifo esingamahlalakhona noma uthatha ama-steroid/imithi yokulwa nomdlavuza). | Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo futhi sidinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngokushesha. |
| Uma kukhona umugqa obomvu osuka eqhubu uye esifubeni noma uma kukhona amaqhubu avuvukele (amaqhubu) esinqeni/ekhwapheni. | |
| Uma unesimila ebusweni bakho esikhulu kunesentimitha elilodwa. | |
Yikuphi ukwelashwa okunikezwa udokotela?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzohlola ithumba futhi, uma kudingeka, anqume ukususa ubomvu ngokuhlinzwa okuncane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(Incision and Drainage - I&D)`. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.
- Okokuqala, umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ujovwa eduze kwesimila.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, indawo ihlanzwa kahle ngesisombululo sokubulala amagciwane.
- Udokotela wenza inxeba elincane wakhipha ingaphakathiUbomvu nezinye izinto zisusiwe ngokuphelele.
- Ngemva kokususa ubomvu, ungafaka ibhandishi elincane (ukupakisha) ngaphakathi kwesilonda. Uma kukhona ubomvu obusele, kuzosiza ukwenza indlela yokuthi buphume.
- Ekugcineni, inxeba limbozwe ngebhandeji elihlanzekile.
Ngemva kwalokhu kwelashwa, abantu abaningi bathola impumuzo ngokushesha ebuhlungwini babo. Udokotela cishe uzokunika ama-antibiotic kanye nama-painkiller ukuze uwathathe izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Wenzani ngemva kokwelashwa?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Uzokutshela ukuthi ungaligcina kanjani inxeba lihlanzekile nokuthi ungashintsha kanjani amabhandeji. Ungakhohlwa ukulandelela nodokotela wakho ngezikhathi ezihleliwe. Uma uba nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obandayo, ukuvuvukala, noma ukubomvu enxebeni ngemva kokwelashwa, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Ngokuvamile, ngokwelashwa okufanele, inxeba lizophola ngokuphelele zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10-14.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ithumba liwukutheleleka ngamagciwane, ngakho-ke ukuhlanzeka kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ungalokothi ucindezele i-cyst noma uyihlabe ngento ebukhali. Ukwenza kanjalo kungasakaza ukutheleleka.
- Uma isimila sisincane kakhulu, ukusifaka emanzini afudumele kungasiza.
- Uma isimila sikhulu, sibuhlungu, sinomkhuhlane, noma sitholakala endaweni ebucayi (ubuso, ingquza, indunu) , bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwamathumba amaningi ukuwasika bese ukhipha ubomvu (Incision and Drainage). Akunasidingo sokwesaba lokhu.
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