Sonke siyazi ukuthi izinso ziyizitho ezibaluleke kakhulu ezihlunga imfucuza emizimbeni yethu futhi zisize ekugcineni ibhalansi yoketshezi nosawoti emzimbeni. Kodwa kwenzekani uma ukugeleza kwegazi kulezi zinso kuyeka ngokuzumayo, noma uma zingatholi umoya-mpilo owanele? Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esibi esingase senzeke. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Acute Tubular Necrosis, noma i-ATN ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)?
Leli gama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa masiligcine lilula. Ngaphakathi kwezinso zethu, sinezakhiwo ezincane ezimise okwepayipi ezihlunga igazi. Sizibiza ngokuthi "amapayipi." Umsebenzi oyinhloko wala mapayipi ukuhlunga imfucuza, amanzi angadingekile, nosawoti egazini lethu bese sikukhipha emzimbeni njengomchamo.
Esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Acute Tubular Necrosis, inani legazi nomoya-mpilo ofinyelela ezinso liyancipha ngokuzumayo, okubangela umonakalo kula mapayipi amancane kanye namaseli akuwo afe. Uma la mapayipi onakele, izinso azikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo kahle. Lokhu kubangela ukungcola, uketshezi olwengeziwe, kanye nosawoti ukuthi kuqongeleleke emzimbeni. Lokhu kungaqhubekela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso okunamandla .
Yiziphi izizathu eziyinhloko zalesi simo?
Cabanga ngezinso njengesitshalo. Njengoba nje isitshalo sifa ngaphandle kwamanzi, nezinso nazo ziyafa ngaphandle kwegazi nomoya-mpilo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezimbangela ze-ATN.
1. Ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi ezinso:
- Isimo esiphuthumayo, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi, singabangela ukwehla komfutho wegazi emzimbeni ngokuzumayo, kunciphise inani legazi eligeleza ezinso.
- Ngenxa yokopha okukhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okukhulu noma ingozi enkulu.
- Umfutho wegazi ophansi ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukutheleleka okukhulu (i-sepsis).
2. Ukungena kwezinto ezinobuthi ezinso:
- Idayi yokuhlukanisa umbala iwudayi ofakwa emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuthile, njenge-X-ray noma i-CT scan.
- Amanye ama-antibiotic kanye nemithi yokubulala izinzwa .
- Ukungenisa amanye amakhemikhali anobuthi.
Lezi zinto zingalimaza ngqo uhlelo oluthambile lwe-tubular ezinso futhi zibangele ukuthi zingasebenzi kahle.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-ATN?
Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo kunabanye. Ake sibone ukuthi bangobani.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Umfutho wegazi ohlala uphansi isikhathi eside | Uma umfutho wegazi wehla (ukushaqeka), inani legazi eligeleza liye ezithweni ezibalulekile, okuhlanganisa nezinso, liyancipha. |
| Ukuhlinzwa okukhulu noma izingozi ezinkulu | Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, umzimba ungalahlekelwa yigazi eliningi. |
| Ezinye izifo ezazikhona ngaphambili | Abantu abanesifo sesibindi , isifo sikashukela , kanye nesifo sezinso esivele sikhona basengozini enkulu. |
| Amahlule egazi | Uma ihlule legazi lihlala emithanjeni yegazi ehambisa igazi ezinso, lingavimba ukugeleza kwegazi futhi libangele umonakalo. |
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Izimpawu ze-ATN zingavela ngokuzumayo. Kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi.
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Lesi akusona isimo okufanele singasinaki.
| Isibonakaliso | Kusho ukuthini lokho? |
|---|---|
| Ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo | Inani lomchamo okhiqizwayo ngosuku liyancipha kakhulu. Abanye abantu bangase bayeke ngisho nokuchama ngokuphelele. |
| Ukuvuvukala komzimba (Ukugcinwa koketshezi) | Ngenxa yokuthi izinso azikwazi ukususa uketshezi olwengeziwe, imilenze, amaqakala, izandla, nobuso kuqala ukuvuvukala. |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza | Ukuqongelela kwendle emzimbeni kungabangela ukungakhululeki esiswini kanye nokuhlanza. |
| Ukulala ngokweqile nokudideka kwengqondo | Ubunzima bokuvuka, ukulala kalula, kanye nokudideka kungase kwenzeke. Lezi yizimpawu ezibangelwa imiphumela yobuthi ebuchosheni. |
Udokotela ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, udokotela wakho uzoqala akuhlole bese ekubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazoyala ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Ngokuvamile, udokotela wezinso (udokotela ogxile ezifweni zezinso) uzohlola lesi simo ngokujulile.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlola kakhulu amazinga emfucuza egazini. Kuhlola amazinga aphezulu ezinto ezifana ne -'Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)' kanye ne -'Creatinine' egazini. Amazinga aphezulu alokhu angabonisa ukuthi izinso azisebenzi kahle. Kuhlola futhi amazinga kasawoti afana ne-'potassium' egazini.
- Ukuhlolwa komchamo: Kuthathwa isampula yomchamo wakho bese kuhlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Ku-ATN, izingcezu zama-renal tubules onakele zingabonakala emchameni.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwezinso: Kwezinye izimo, uma imbangela eqondile yalesi sifo ingatholakali, kuthathwa ingcezu encane kakhulu yezicubu ezinso bese ihlolwa. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni ukuthi yimuphi umonakalo owenzekile kuma-tubule ezinso.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha i-ATN ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo . Isibonelo, uma kuyisifo, kunikezwa ama-antibiotic, noma uma kungumfutho wegazi ophansi, kubuyiselwa esimweni esijwayelekile. Ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo kunikeza izinso ithuba lokuzelapha.
Okwamanje, yenza okulandelayo ukuze usekele umzimba wakho kuze kube yilapho izinso zakho ziphola:
- Ukudla: Ukuze ugweme ukufaka umthwalo omkhulu ezinso, uzotshelwa ukuthi unciphise uketshezi, usawoti (i-sodium), kanye nokudla okucebile nge-potassium (njengobhanana nama-orenji) .
- Imithi: Ama-diuretics anganikezwa ukusiza ukususa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni. Imithi inganikezwa futhi ukulawula amazinga e-potassium egazini.
- I-Dialysis: Uma ukusebenza kwezinso kuphazamiseka kakhulu futhi imfucuza iqongelelene ezingeni eliyingozi, kungadingeka ukuthi wenze i-dialysis ukuze uhlanze igazi lakho okwesikhashana kuze kube yilapho izinso zakho zilulama.
Isikhathi sokululama siyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Umuntu ophilile ongenazo ezinye izifo ezinkulu ngokuvamile angalulama ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuthi umuntu onezinye izimo zezokwelapha alulame.
Ingabe lesi simo singagwenywa?
Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuvimbela i-ATN, kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi.
- Uma unezifo ezingamahlalakhona njengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sesibindi , zilawule njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuncoma .
- Uma uhlolwa ngokusetshenziswa kwedayi yokuhlukanisa, phuza amanzi amaningi ngaphambi nangemva. Lokhu kuzosiza izinso ukuthi zikhiphe amakhemikhali emzimbeni wakho ngokushesha.
- Ungayithathi imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela efana ne-ibuprofen ne-naproxen ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela, ikakhulukazi uma usuvele unesifo sezinso. Lokhu kungalimaza izinso zakho.
- Uma umpontshelwa igazi, qiniseka ukuthi uhlobo lwegazi lakho luyahambisana.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) yisimo esibi esibangela ukulimala kwezinso ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwegazi kanye nokugeleza komoya-mpilo ezinso.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokuncipha komchamo, ukuvuvukala, ukozela ngokweqile, kanye nokudideka. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uzibona.
- Uma welapha lesi simo, kubalulekile ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bangalulama.
- Ukulawula izifo ezingamahlalakhona ezifana nesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kanye nokugwema ukusebenzisa imithi yobuhlungu ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela kungasiza ekuvikeleni izinso.
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