Inkinga abantu abaningi eSri Lanka abanayo umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Kwabanye, kunzima kakhulu ukulawula lokhu ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi. Kodwa kukhona umuntu emizimbeni yethu esingakhulumi kakhulu ngaye, kodwa othonya ngasese umfutho wegazi. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla. Igama lakhe ngu-Aldosterone.
Kalula nje, ubani lo aldosterone?
I-Aldosterone iyi-hormone emizimbeni yethu. Ama-hormone afana nabasebenzi beposi emizimbeni yethu. Athwala imiyalezo esithweni ngasinye, esitshela ukuthi senze lokhu, siyeke lokho.
Ngakho-ke le hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-aldosterone yenziwa yizindlala ezimbili ezincane ezingunxantathu ezifana nesivalo phezu kwezinso zethu. Lezi sizibiza ngokuthi izindlala ze-adrenal. Lezi zindlala ziyingxenye yesistimu yethu ye-endocrine.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale hormone ukugcina umfutho wegazi wethu usezingeni elifanele . Lokhu ukwenza ngokulawula amazinga amaminerali egazini lethu abizwa ngokuthi i-sodium (lokho kungusawoti) kanye ne-potassium. Lawa ma-sodium kanye ne-potassium yizinhlobo ezimbili zama-electrolyte . Yiwo agcina amazinga oketshezi emzimbeni elinganisela futhi asize imizwa nemisipha isebenze kahle.
Cabanga nge-aldosterone njengomphathi olawula usawoti namanzi emizimbeni yethu. Uma ikhuphuka kakhulu, kuba nezinkinga, futhi uma iphansi kakhulu, kuba nezinkinga.
I-aldosterone ilawula kanjani umfutho wegazi?
Lena inqubo ethakazelisayo kakhulu. I-Aldosterone ithinta kakhulu umfutho wegazi ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
1. Ukugcinwa kweSodium: I-Aldosterone itshela izinso zethu kanye nekholoni ukuthi "zifake i-sodium (usawoti) eningi egazini futhi zandise inani le-potassium ekhishwa emchameni."
2. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi: Uma i-sodium ingezwa egazini, amanzi nawo ayagcinwa emzimbeni. Kufana nokuthi amanzi akhangwa usawoti.
3. Ukwanda komthamo wegazi: Uma sigcina amanzi emizimbeni yethu, umthamo wegazi lethu lilonke uyanda. Njengoba nje ukugcwalisa ipayipi lamanzi ngamanzi amaningi kwandisa umfutho walo, lapho umthamo wegazi ukhuphuka, nomfutho wegazi nawo uyanda.
Ngale ndlela, lapho umfutho wegazi wethu wehla, i-aldosterone iyangena futhi isize ukuwubuyisela ezingeni elinempilo. Le hormone futhi isiza ngokungaqondile ukulawula i-pH (okungukuthi, ibhalansi ye-acid-base) kanye namazinga e-electrolyte egazini.
La mazinga e-aldosterone alawulwa kanjani? - Inqubo emangalisayo!
I-Aldosterone ayisebenzi yodwa. Iyingxenye yeqembu elisebenzisanayo. Sibiza lolu hlelo ngokuthi i-Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) . Kufana nomjaho wokugijima ophindaphindwayo.
Cabanga ngakho ngale ndlela.
- Isinyathelo sokuqala: Umfutho wegazi lakho (BP) uyehla. Izinso zethu ziyakuzwa lokhu. Izinso zibe sezikhipha i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-renin egazini.
- Isinyathelo sesibili: Le renin iyaphula iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-angiotensinogen, eyenziwa yisibindi sethu, ibe yingcezu ebizwa ngokuthi i-angiotensin I. Kodwa isalele, okusho ukuthi ayinawo amandla amaningi.
- Isinyathelo Sesithathu: Manje, njengoba le angiotensin I ihamba egazini, ihlukaniswa yi -enzyme eguqula i-angiotensin (ACE) evela emaphashini ethu, idala i-hormone enamandla kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-angiotensin II . Leli yiqhawe langempela.
- Isinyathelo Sesine: Le angiotensin II yenza izinto ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Kubangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi emincane (ama-arterioles) inciphe. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi umfutho wegazi ukhuphuke ngokushesha.
2. Iya ezindlaleni ze-adrenal bese izitshela ukuthi, "Okuphuthumayo! Ikhiqiza i-aldosterone ngokushesha!"
- Isinyathelo sokugcina: Manje i-aldosterone iyangena bese itshela izinso ukuthi zigcine usawoti (i-sodium) namanzi bese zikhipha i-potassium ethile. Lokhu kwandisa umthamo wegazi futhi kubuyisela umfutho wegazi esimweni esijwayelekile.
Uma yonke le nqubo isiqediwe, futhi umfutho wegazi usubuyele esimweni esijwayelekile, lolu hlelo luvala ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lolu uhlelo lokulawula oluyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa oluhle kakhulu.
Amazinga e-aldosterone alinganiswa kanjani?
Uma udokotela wakho enenkinga yokulawula umfutho wegazi lakho, noma uma unezinguquko emazingeni akho e-potassium egazini, angase asole i-aldosterone. Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kwalokhu ukuhlolwa kwesilinganiso se-aldosterone:renin .
Ngenxa yokuthi i-aldosterone ne-renin zisebenza ndawonye, ukulinganisa amazinga azo zombili kungasiza ekutholeni indawo eqondile yenkinga. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuthatha inani elincane legazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga e-aldosterone angalinganiswa ngokwehlukana egazini noma emchameni oqoqwe emahoreni angama-24.
Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-aldosterone enyuka?
Uma izinga le-aldosterone emzimbeni liphezulu kunokujwayelekile, sikubiza ngokuthi i-hyperaldosteronism . Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-primary aldosteronism . LokhuIbizwa nangokuthi i-Conn's syndrome.
Lesi simo sivame ukubangelwa yithumba elincane, elingenalo umdlavuza (elingenobungozi) elivela endlaleni ye-adrenal. Lesi sifo sibangela ukuthi indlala ikhiqize i-aldosterone eningi kakhulu. Lokhu kubangela ukwanda kwe-sodium (usawoti) egazini, ukwehla kwe-potassium, kanye nokungalingani kwama-electrolyte.
| Izimpawu ze-Hyperaldosteronism | |
|---|---|
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) | Umfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuwulawula ngisho nangemithi. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuhlala bukhona. |
| Ubuthakathaka bemisipha | Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka, ikakhulukazi uma amazinga e-potassium ephansi kakhulu. |
| Ukoma ngokweqile kanye nokuchama njalo | Ukoma okungapheli kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuza amanzi angakanani kanye nesidingo sokuchama njalo. |
Uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma unenkinga yokulawula umfutho wegazi lakho, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-aldosterone ehla?
Futhi, uma izinga le-aldosterone emzimbeni liphansi kunokujwayelekile, sikubiza ngokuthi i-hypoaldosteronism . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-hormone ye-aldosterone ikhiqizwa kancane noma umsebenzi wayo uphazamiseka. Lokhu kungabangela ukwehla kwe-sodium (usawoti) egazini, ukwanda kwe-potassium, kanye nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-metabolic acidosis ( ukwanda kwe-asidi egazini).
Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?
- Isifo sika-Addison:Lesi yisifo esingavamile sokuzivikela komzimba. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba luziphendukela lona futhi lonakalise izindlala ze-adrenal. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone i-aldosterone ne-cortisol.
- I-Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH): Lesi yisimo sofuzo esiba khona lapho kuzalwa. Sibangela ukuntuleka kwama-enzyme athile adingekayo ukwenza ama-hormone ezindlala ze-adrenal.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Lesi simo singaba khona kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, kanye nalabo abagula kakhulu.
- Eminye imithi: Lesi simo singabangelwa nayimithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu (ama-NSAID) , imithi yokunciphisa igazi njenge-heparin, kanye neminye imithi yenhliziyo.
| Izimpawu ze-Hypoaldosteronism | |
|---|---|
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi (i-Hypotension) | Ukucindezeleka kwegazi okuphansi njalo, ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka. |
| Ubuthakathaka bemisipha | Umzimba ongenampilo, imisipha iyanyakaza. |
| Isicanucanu | Ukuzizwa sengathi uhlanza. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Ukuzizwa ushaya inhliziyo yakho. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia) | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. |
Uma unalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza i-aphoyintimenti yokubona udokotela wakho bese ukhuluma ngalokhu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Aldosterone iyi-hormone ebalulekile ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi lethu.
- Ilawula kakhulu amazinga kasawoti (i-sodium) kanye ne-potassium emzimbeni.
- Amazinga amaningi (i-Hyperaldosteronism) noma anciphile (i-Hypoaldosteronism) ale hormone angabangela izinkinga ezahlukene zempilo.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme okunzima ukuzilawula, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukoma ngokweqile, noma ukuquleka, khuluma nodokotela ngakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma komchamo okulula kungakutshela ukuthi amazinga akho e-aldosterone angakanani.
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