Uma uya kudokotela, cishe uke wabona umhlengikazi noma udokotela efaka ibhande engalweni yakho, eliphakamisa, bese ebheka imitha, akunjalo? Lokho 'ukucindezela' kwakho, noma njengoba sibiza ngokwezokwelapha, ukucindezeleka kwegazi lakho. Akuzona izinombolo ezimbili kuphela, kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu esho okuningi ngempilo yomzimba wakho wonke. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngalokhu kusukela ekuqaleni.
Kuyini umfutho wegazi kalula?
Cabanga ngemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho njengohlelo lwamapayipi athwala amanzi. Inhliziyo iyinjini epompa amanzi ngayo. Ngakho-ke, njalo lapho inhliziyo ishaya, iphoqa igazi lingene emthanjeni wegazi oyinhloko emzimbeni wakho. Siyibiza ngokuthi i-aorta. Ngale ndlela, inhliziyo ipompa igazi izikhathi ezingaba ngu-60-100 ngomzuzu, amahora angama-24 ngosuku.
Umfutho wegazi umfutho wegazi okhishwa yinhliziyo yakho osebenza ngawo ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi yakho. Le mithambo yegazi ithwala umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhamzimba kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba wakho, kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba.
Kodwa lo mfutho wegazi awufani ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uyashintsha kuye ngokuthi wenzani.
- Umfutho wegazi lakho uyakhuphuka uma uzivocavoca, ukhuphuka izitebhisi, noma ugijima ngemva kwebhasi.
- Kungakhula futhi uma ujabule noma ukhathazekile.
- Uma ulele, ngokuthula nangokuzola, umfutho wegazi wakho uyehla.
- Futhi, eminye imithi oyithathayo, ukuma kwakho (ukuma, ukuhlala, ukulala phansi), kanye nobudala kungashintsha lokhu kucindezeleka.
Kungani umfutho wegazi ubalulekile kithi?
Sikhuluma kakhulu ngomfutho wegazi ngoba ungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho. Kalula nje, kufana nevalvu yokuphefumula. Uma uyilawula, uzoba nempilo enhle, kodwa uma ulahlekelwa ukuyilawula, ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (Umfutho wegazi ophakeme): Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi 'umfutho wegazi ophezulu'. Lokhu kuyisici esikhulu esiyingozi sokuthola isifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunethuba elikhulu lokuthola izimo ezibucayi njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi. Ngezinye izikhathi umfutho wegazi ungaba phezulu kakhulu. Sikubiza ngokuthi "isimo esiphuthumayo esiphuthumayo". Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esingaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
- Umfutho wegazi ophansi: Lesi yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'umfutho wegazi ophansi '. Lokhu kungakwenza uzizwe unesizungu, amehlo akho angase abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ungase ulahlekelwe ingqondo bese uwe . Uma uwa, ungase ube nezinye izingozi, njengokushaya ikhanda lakho. Uma umfutho wegazi wakho wehla kakhulu, inani legazi eligeleza ezithweni zakho ezibalulekile, njengobuchopho bakho nezinso, lingancipha, futhi ungase ube nesimo esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi "ukushaqeka."
Esikhathini esiningi, asizizwa ukuthi umfutho wegazi wethu uphakeme noma uphansi. Yingakho abanye abantu bewubiza ngokuthi 'isitha esithule.' Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuwulinganisa kahle.
Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa uma uvakashela udokotela wakho. Ungakuhlola lokhu ekhaya nge-blood pressure monitor (umshini we-BP). Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi noma ngabe uhlola ekhaya, akusikho okunye okungathatha indawo yokubona udokotela .
Kufanele uhlole nini umfutho wegazi lakho?
Kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela womndeni wakho ahlole umfutho wegazi lakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka . Uma udokotela wakho ekhathazekile ngamazinga akho omfutho wegazi, noma uma welapha omunye umuntu, angakucela ukuthi uhlole kaningi ukuze abone ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle kangakanani.
Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angakucela ukuthi uhlole umfutho wegazi lakho ekhaya, nsuku zonke noma kanye ngesonto. Abanye abantu baphinde babe nokuhlolwa kokuqapha umfutho wegazi amahora angama-24. Lokhu kungalandelela umfutho wegazi lakho usuku lonke, ngisho nalapho ulele.
Cabanga nje, abanye abantu bangase bazizwe benyuke kancane umfutho wegazi ngenxa yokwesaba nokukhathazeka abanakho lapho bebona udokotela noma beya esibhedlela. Siyibiza ngokuthi "i-White coat syndrome". Ukuhlolwa kwamahora angama-24 nakho kusiza ekutholeni ngokunembile izimo ezinjalo.
Lokhu kuhlolwa komfutho wegazi kusebenza kanjani?
Uma ulinganisa umfutho wegazi lakho, uthola izinombolo ezimbili. Isibonelo, 120/80. Zisho ukuthini lezi zinombolo ezimbili?
- Inombolo ephezulu (umfutho wegazi we-Systolic): Lena ingcindezi engaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho lapho inhliziyo yakho ishaya futhi ipompa igazi emithanjeni yakho. Lena inombolo ephezulu kulezo ezimbili.
- Inombolo engezansi (umfutho wegazi we-Diastolic): Lena ingcindezi engaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi lapho inhliziyo iphumula phakathi kokushaya. Lena inombolo ephansi.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko udokotela angalinganisa ngazo lokhu:
1. Ngesandla: Le ndlela isebenzisa i-cuff kanye ne-gauge ekhombisa ukucindezela. Udokotela usonga i-cuff engalweni yakho, ayipompe, bese eyifutha. Ngemuva kwalokho, esebenzisa i-stethoscope, udokotela ukhulula umoya kancane kancane ngenkathi elalele umsindo wegazi eligeleza engalweni yakho.
2. Indlela ezenzakalelayo: Le ndlela isebenzisa idivayisi kagesi (umshini we-BP). Lokhu kugcwalisa futhi kukhiphe umoya ngokuzenzakalelayo i-cuff. Ukufundwa komfutho wegazi lakho kuboniswa ngokucacile esikrinini sedijithali. Le ndlela ayidingi i-stethoscope.
Ungalungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokulinganisa umfutho wegazi?
Ukuze uthole inani elinembile kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, yenza lezi zinto.
- Gwema ukubhema, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, nokuphuza iziphuzo ezine-caffeine njengekhofi/itiye imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokulinganisa umfutho wegazi lakho.
- Yiya endlini yokugezela ngaphambi kwalokho. Ngisho noma isinyi sigcwele, kungase kube noshintsho oluncane ekucindezelekeni.
- Hlala buthule ungakhulumi okungenani imizuzu emi-5 ngaphambi kokuthatha isilinganiso.
- Uma ugqoka ihembe elinemikhono emifushane, udokotela angakufaka kalula ibhande esandleni sakho.
Amazinga Omfutho Wegazi Nencazelo Yawo
Uma usufundile umfutho wegazi lakho, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuliphi izinga. Lena yindlela amazinga omfutho wegazi kubantu abadala avame ukuhlukaniswa ngayo.
| Izinga Lokucindezela (Isigaba) | I-Systolic mm Hg | KANYE/NOMA | Inani eliphansi (i-Diastolic mm Hg) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Izinga eliphilile (Elijwayelekile) | Ngaphansi kuka-120 | futhi | Ngaphansi kuka-80 |
| Kuphakanyisiwe kancane | Phakathi kuka-120 - 129 | futhi | Ngaphansi kuka-80 |
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu - Isigaba 1 | Phakathi kuka-130 - 139 | Noma | Phakathi kuka-80 - 89 |
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu - Isigaba 2 | 140 noma ngaphezulu | Noma | 90 noma ngaphezulu |
| Inkinga Yomfutho Wegazi Ophakeme - Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha! | Ngaphezu kwe-180 | kanye/noma | Ngaphezu kwe-120 |
Okubalulekile: Uma amanani akho aphezulu naphansi ehla ezigabeni ezimbili, udokotela wakho uzocabangela isigaba esiphezulu. Isibonelo, uma umfutho wegazi lakho ungo-132/78, uwela esigabeni 'somfutho wegazi ophezulu - isigaba 1'.
Umfutho wegazi ophansi (Hypotension) uvame ukuchazwa njengokufunda okungaphansi kuka-90/60. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nomfutho wegazi ophansi kancane ngokwemvelo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukhathazeke kuphela uma kunezimpawu ezifana nesiyezi.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Kunezikhathi lapho kudingeka ukhathazeke khona ngomfutho wegazi lakho. Ngezinye izikhathi ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi udinga ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
| Ithuba | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Esimweni esinjalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho. | |
| Uma ukufundwa komfutho wegazi lakho ekhaya kuhlala kuphezulu noma kuphansi. | Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalezi zindinganiso. Kungase kudingeke ushintshe umthamo wemithi yakho noma uqale ukwelashwa okusha. |
| Uma uzizwa unesizungu, amehlo akho aphenduka abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma uzizwa unesizungu (lokhu kungaba izimpawu zomfutho wegazi ophansi). | Hlala phansi noma ulale phansi ngokushesha. Bese wazisa udokotela. |
| Uma unemibuzo mayelana nomfutho wegazi noma ukwelashwa kwakho. | Ungalokothi uqagele. Cela udokotela wakho ngqo ukuze asuse ukungabaza kwakho. |
| Kulokhu, iya e-ETU (i-Emergency Treatment Unit) ngokushesha! | |
| Uma umfutho wegazi lakho ungo-180/120 noma ngaphezulu, futhi ubhekene nezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, kanye nokungaboni kahle. | Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo esibizwa ngokuthi "inkinga yomfutho wegazi ophezulu." Yiya e-ETU (i-Emergency Treatment Unit) yesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. |
| Uma ingcindezi yehla futhi ulahlekelwa ingqondo, vele uwele ekhanda lakho, noma uma ubonisa izimpawu zokushaqeka, njengokuthi umzimba wakho ubanda, ujuluke, futhi uphefumula ngokushesha. | Nalokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Udinga ukumyisa e -ETU ngokushesha. |
Umfutho wegazi lakho uyinombolo ebaluleke kakhulu udokotela wakho azoyiqapha iminyaka eminingi. Ngisho noma uzizwa uphilile futhi ungenazo izinkinga, umfutho wakho wangaphakathi ungase ube phezulu. Ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa njalo kuyindlela kuphela yokwazi ukuthi usesigabeni esinempilo yini.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umfutho wegazi ubaluleke kakhulu ekulinganiseni impilo yakho iyonke. Akuzona izinombolo ezimbili kuphela.
- Esikhathini esiningi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme (i-Hypertension) awunazo izimpawu ezithile. Ngakho-ke ungase ungaziboni. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ukuthi uhlolwe njalo.
- Yazi ukufundwa komfutho wegazi lakho nokuthi kusho ukuthini. Ukufundwa okunempilo kungaphansi kuka-120/80.
- Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi une-high blood pressure, kubalulekile ukuthatha imithi ayinikezayo ngqo bese wenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila (ukudla, ukuvivinya umzimba).
- Ungalokothi uzishaye indiva izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zomfutho wegazi ophakeme kakhulu noma ophansi kakhulu. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma kudingeka.
- Uma wena nodokotela wakho nisebenza njengeqembu futhi nilawula umfutho wegazi lakho, ningazivikela ezifweni ezimbi njengesifo senhliziyo.
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