Sonke siyakhohlwa izinto ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi yilapho okhiye bendlu yethu bakhona, igama lomuntu, noma okuthile ohlwini lwethu lokuthenga. Kodwa lokhu akukhona nje ukukhohlwa okulula. Cabanga ngesimo esibucayi lapho ukhohlwa khona izenzakalo ezibalulekile empilweni yakho, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuthi ungubani. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-amnesia.
Kuyini ngempela i-Amnesia?
Kalula nje, ukukhohlwa ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo okukhulu. Kungaba uphawu lwesinye isifo, noma kungenzeka njengesimo esizimele.
Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kokukhohlwa okuvamile nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-amnesia. Cabanga ukuthi ukhohlwe usuku lomshado womngane wakho. Lokho kujwayelekile. Kodwa uma ungakhumbuli ukuthi uye yini emshadweni noma ukuthi ungubani lowo mngane, lokho kungaba yisimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-amnesia. Ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kwemicimbi ebalulekile, ulwazi, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho empilweni yakho.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokukhohlwa?
Yebo, ukukhohlwa kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko. Uhlobo ngalunye luhlukile kolunye. Ake sibheke ukuthi luyini.
| Uhlobo lwe-amnesia | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukukhohlwa emuva | Yilapho ulahlekelwa khona izinkumbulo zakho zesikhathi esidlule. Okusho ukuthi, awukhumbuli izinto ezenzeka ngaphambi kokuba lesi simo senzeke. Kodwa ungakha izinkumbulo ezintsha. |
| Ukukhohlwa kwe-Anterograde | Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi awukwazi ukwakha izinkumbulo ezintsha. Okusho ukuthi, ngeke ukhumbule lutho olunye ngemva kokuba lesi simo senzeke. Kodwa izinkumbulo ezindala zingase zibe khona. |
| Ukukhohlwa ngemva kokwethuka | Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo okwenzeka ngemva kwengozi, ikakhulukazi ukulimala ekhanda. Lokhu kungaba yinhlanganisela yazo zombili izinhlobo okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla. |
| Ukukhohlwa okudlulayo emhlabeni jikelele | Lesi isimo esihlala isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, ngokuvamile singaphansi kwamahora angama-24. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izinkumbulo ezindala ziyalahleka, kanye nokwakheka kwezintsha. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana, izinto zibuyela esimweni sazo esijwayelekile. |
| Ukukhohlwa kwezinsana | Lokhu kuyinto esinayo sonke. Asikhumbuli izinto ezenzeka sisebancane kakhulu, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi siseyizingane. Yingakho kubizwa kanje. Akuyona inkinga yezempilo. |
| Ukukhohlwa okungahlangani | Lokhu kubangelwa imbangela yengqondo. Ngenxa yokucindezeleka kwengqondo okungabekezeleleki, njengokuhlukumezeka okukhulu noma ukuxhashazwa, ubuchopho busula izinkumbulo ezihlobene naleso senzakalo njengendlela yokuzivikela. |
Yiziphi izimpawu eziboniswa umuntu onesifo sokukhohlwa?
Izimpawu zokukhohlwa zingahluka kuye ngohlobo. Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:
- Izinguquko ekhonweni lakho lokukhumbula izenzakalo noma izinto ezenzeka kuwe.
- Ubunzima bokukhumbula amagama nobuso babantu .
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yezindawo nemizila yazo.
- Ukukhohlwa ngemicimbi ezayo ohlele ukuya kuyo.
Ukugcwalisa izikhala enkumbulweni (Ukuhlangana)
Lokhu futhi kuyisici se-amenesia. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ubuchopho bakho budala ngokuzenzakalelayo ulwazi noma izindaba ezingamanga ukuze kugcwaliswe izikhala enkumbulweni yakho. Isibonelo, ungase ukhumbule isenzakalo samuva nje njengesenzeka ngosuku oluhlukile, noma ungase ungakhumbuli nhlobo imininingwane yesenzakalo esidlule.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi umuntu okhuluma izinkumbulo ezingamanga kanje akaqambi amanga ngamabomu. Empeleni bakholelwa ukuthi inkumbulo ilungile. Kumane kuyiphutha ebuchosheni.
Yiziphi izimbangela zokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo?
Kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona zokukhohlwa. Ake sizihlukanise zibe izigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: izimbangela zezinzwa kanye nezimbangela zengqondo.
| Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokukhohlwa | |
|---|---|
| Izimbangela Zezinzwa | |
|
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| Izimbangela Zengqondo | |
Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo nakho kungenzeka ngenxa yezehlakalo ezibuhlungu, njengokuhlukumezeka okukhulu noma ukuxhashazwa. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezimweni ezifana nokuphazamiseka kokuhlukanisa kanye nokucindezeleka kwangemva kokucindezeleka (PTSD) . Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kusulwa kwesikhashana kwezinkumbulo kuyindlela yokuvikela esetshenziswa ubuchopho ukuzivikela ebuhlungwini obungokomzwelo obungenakubekezeleleka. | |
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzozama ukuthola lesi simo ngokukubuza imibuzo ngawe, impilo yakho, izehlakalo zakamuva kanye nezimpawu zakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangenza izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene ukuthola imbangela eqondile.
- Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba nangokwezinzwa .
- Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile ngenkumbulo nokusebenza kwengqondo (ukuhlolwa kwe-Neuropsychological).
- Ukuhlolwa kokubona ubuchopho, njenge -CT scans (i-Computed tomography scans) noma i-MRI scans (i-Magnetic resonance imaging scans) .
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram) okubheka umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola izinto ezifana nokutheleleka kanye nokuntuleka kwamavithamini.
- Ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa ukupompa umgogodla ukuhlola uketshezi olusebuchosheni.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha lokhu? Ingabe ingelapheka?
Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ayikho ikhambi noma ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-kumbula. Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangele ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo. Isibonelo, uma kuyisifo, siyaphathwa. Uma kuwukuntuleka kwamavithamini, kuyanezelwa.
Ezimweni eziningi, uma imbangela eyinhloko seyelashwe, ubuchopho buzolulama bodwa futhi inkumbulo izoqala ukubuya kancane kancane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa okufana nokuvuselelwa kwengqondo kanye nokwelashwa komsebenzi kufundisa amakhono namasu adingekayo ukuze kubhekane nobunzima obubangelwa ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo. Lokhu kunikeza impumuzo enkulu kokubili isiguli kanye nabanakekeli baso.
Kunini lapho kufanele sifune khona iseluleko sezokwelapha?
Uma ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kwenzeka kancane kancane, ungase ungaqapheli. Ngokuvamile, ilungu lomndeni noma umngane uba ngowokuqala ukubona ushintsho. Uma ungabaza, ungalokothi ube namahloni okucela usizo.
Izimo lapho udinga ukuya esibhedlela ngokushesha
Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo ngokuzumayo kuhlale kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona imbangela esobala noma cha, into ephephile kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
Ikakhulukazi ngemva kokulimala ekhanda, njengokuwa, uma ungalahlekelwa ingqondo kodwa ungakhumbuli lutho ngalesi sigameko, kungaba uphawu lokulimala kobuchopho okubuhlungu (ukuxhuzula noma i-TBI) . Esimweni esinjalo , iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Akunconywa ukulibazisa lokhu.
Singakwazi yini ukuvimbela lesi simo ukuthi singenzeki?
Nakuba singazivimbela ezinye izimbangela zokukhohlwa, akuzona zonke izinto ezilawulwa yithi. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezithile esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ubungozi bethu:
- Gqoka imishini yokuphepha: Gwema ukulimala ekhanda okungenzeka. Isibonelo, uma ugibela ibhayisikili noma isithuthuthu, qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela.
- Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo: Nikeza izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ukuze ubuchopho bube nempilo.
- Lala kahle, phumula, futhi ulawule ukucindezeleka.
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo.
- Ungakushayi indiva ukutheleleka kwendlebe noma kwamehlo: Lokhu kutheleleka ngezinye izikhathi kungasakazekela ebuchosheni.
- Lawula ezinye izimo zakho zezokwelapha, njengesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Gcina ubuchopho bakho busebenza: funda izincwadi, uxazulule amaphazili.
- Gcina ukuxhumana nabantu: Ukukhuluma nabanye kuyindlela enhle yokuzivocavoca ingqondo.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukukhohlwa yisimo esibi kakhulu kunokukhohlwa nje. Kungabangela ukuthi ulahlekelwe yinkumbulo ngisho nezenzakalo ezibalulekile empilweni yakho.
- Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu, okuhlanganisa ukulimala ekhanda, ukushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, izimo ezithile zezokwelapha, kanye nokulimala okukhulu kwengqondo.
- Uma wena noma othandekayo wakho nibona ushintsho olungavamile enkumbulweni, bhekani nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo ngokuzumayo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokulimala ekhanda, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) ngokushesha.
- Nakuba kungekho ikhambi eliqondile lokukhohlwa, lesi simo singathuthukiswa ngokwelapha lesi simo esiyisisekelo nangokusivuselela.
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