Uma ufunda iphephandaba noma ubheka ifasitela, ingabe imigqa eqondile kulo ibukeka inwebekile futhi imibimbi? Ingabe ezinye izindawo zibukeka zimnyama noma zifana nezikhala ezingenalutho? Uma uzizwa into efana nale, ungamane ungayinaki. Ngoba kungaba inkinga ngengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yamehlo akho. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuhlolwa okulula kakhulu okuzokusiza ukuthi uthole kalula izinkinga ezinjalo ekhaya.
Iyini le Amsler Grid?
Kalula nje, igridi ye-Amsler iyithuluzi lokuhlola elibonakalayo elingahlola kalula noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka embonweni wakho. Liyishadi elibukeka njengerula lesikwele. Linezikwele eziningi nemigqa, kanye nechashazi elincane phakathi nendawo.
Manje ake sibone ukuthi kwenzekani ngalokhu. Ake sithi iso lethu liyikhamera. Bese i -retina engaphakathi kweso iyifilimu yaleyo khamera. Isithombe esisibonayo siqoshwa kule retina. Ingxenye eyinhloko nezwela kakhulu yale retina esiza ekuthatheni izithombe ezicacile nezibukhali kakhulu ibizwa ngokuthi i-macula . Uma sifunda incwadi, sibheka ubuso bomuntu, noma sishayela imoto, le macula iyasiza kuyo yonke le misebenzi ebucayi.
Ngakho-ke, uma i-macula yonakele ngenxa yesifo esithile, izinto esizibonayo ziqala ukubonakala ziphambene (`metamorphopsia`). Imigqa eqondile ibonakala iphambene, ezinye izindawo ziba zifiphele, futhi kuvela amabala amnyama. Yilokhu igridi ye-Amsler esisiza ukuba sibambe ngisho nezinguquko ezicashile. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kuyasiza futhi ukukhombisa udokotela wakho wamehlo ukuthi ukuphi ...
Kukuziphi izinhlobo zezimo lapho lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile khona?
Igridi ye-Amsler iwusizo kakhulu ekutholeni noma yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha esingathinta ubuso be-macula kanye nokuqapha izinguquko kuyo. Odokotela beluleka abantu abanezimo ezilandelayo ukuthi benze lokhu kuhlolwa nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi ngoba uma izinguquko zitholakala kusenesikhathi, ukulahlekelwa umbono unomphela kungavinjelwa.
- Ukuwohloka kwe-macular (kokubili izinhlobo ezomile nezimanzi)
- Ukuqongelela koketshezi ngaphansi kwe-retina (i-Central serous retinopathy)
- Ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emisha ngaphakathi kweso (Neovascularization)
- Amabala amnyama noma izikhala embonweni (ama-scotoma)
- Ukwakheka kwe-membrane encane ku-macula (i-macular pucker / i-epiretinal membrane)
- I-Cystoid macular edema
- I-macular edema ehlobene nesifo sikashukela
- Izimila ze-pituitary gland - Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ngokubona emehlweni womabili (i-bilateral hemianopia).
- Umonakalo we-macular obangelwa izingozi zamehlo
- Ezinye izifo ze-retina ezingabangela ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo
Ngaphezu kwalokho, igridi ye-Amsler isetshenziswa futhi ukuhlola ekuqaleni noma yiziphi izinkinga nge-macula ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Amsler Grid ekhaya?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Uma udokotela wakho ekunika ishadi elifana naleli ongalisebenzisa ekhaya, vele wenze njengoba esho (ngokuvamile nsuku zonke). Landela izinyathelo ezingezansi.
| Izinyathelo | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukulungiselela | Uma ugqoka izibuko noma ama-contact lens , zifake. Hlala endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle bese ubamba leli shadi kude lapho uvame ukufunda khona incwadi (cishe amasentimitha angu-12-15). |
| 2. Ukuhlola iso elilodwa | Vala iso elilodwa ngobumnene ngesandla esisodwa. Ngelinye iso, bheka kuphela ichashazi elimnyama elisenkabeni yeshadi. Ngaphandle kokuhambisa ikhanda lakho, gcina iso lakho kulelo chashazi. |
| 3. Imibuzo okufanele uzibuze yona | Njengoba ubheka ichashazi eliphakathi nendawo, zibuze le mibuzo:
|
| 4. Ukuhlola elinye iso | Manje vula iso elalivaliwe ngaphambilini, vala elinye iso, bese uphinda izinyathelo ezifanayo ezingenhla zalelo so. |
Into ebaluleke kakhulu: Uma uphendula ngokuthi "cha" kunoma yimuphi wale mibuzo engenhla lapho ubhala lolu vivinyo, okusho ukuthi ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko noma ukungajwayelekile, bonana nodokotela wakho wamehlo ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala. Ungakuthathi kalula lokhu.
Zikhona yini ezinye izinhlobo ze-Amsler Grid?
Yebo. UMarc Amsler, udokotela wamehlo waseSwitzerland owadala igridi ye-Amsler, wethule izinhlobo zayo ezi-7 ezahlukene. Sivame ukukhuluma ngohlobo lokuqala (Ishadi 1). Kodwa ezinye izinhlobo nazo ziwusizo ezimweni ezikhethekile.
- Ishadi 1: Lolu uhlobo oluyinhloko nolusetshenziswa kakhulu. Lunemigqa emnyama ngemuva okumhlophe.
- Ishadi 2: Lokhu kufana nelokuqala, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, kudwetshwa imigqa emine eqondile kusukela emakhoneni amane kuya echashazini eliphakathi. Lokhu kusiza abantu abanechashazi elimnyama phakathi nendawo yokubona kwabo ukuba bagweme lelo chashazi futhi bagxile echashazini eliphakathi nendawo.
- Ishadi 3: Lokhu kunemigqa ebomvu ngemuva elimnyama. Lokhu kusiza ekuboneni umehluko omncane ekuboneni imibala.
- Ishadi 4: Leli linamachashazi amhlophe asakazeke ngemuva elimnyama esikhundleni semigqa. Lisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuphazamiseka kokubona namachashazi amnyama.
- Ishadi 5: Leli linemigqa evundlile kuphela. Imigqa emhlophe ingemuva elimnyama.
- Ishadi 6: Lokhu kufana neShadi 5, kodwa kunemigqa emnyama ngemuva okumhlophe. Imigqa ephakathi isondelene kakhulu kuneminye imigqa. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthwebule ngisho nokuhlanekezelwa okucashile kakhulu.
- Ishadi 7: Izikwele eziphakathi kwaleli shadi ziyingxenye yobukhulu bezikwele ngaphandle, ngakho-ke ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kakhulu embonweni ophakathi zingabonakala.
Umuntu onesifo sokuwohloka kwe-macular ubona kanjani lokhu?
Uma unesifo esifana nokuwohloka kwe-macular, ungase ubone izinguquko ezahlukene uma ubheka i-Amsler grid.
Cabanga ubheke phansi enamathayela. Ngokuvamile, imigqa ephakathi kwamathayela iqondile. Kodwa uma unenkinga nge-macula yakho, le migqa ingase ibonakale inwetshiwe, njengamagagasi. Eminye imigqa ingase ibonakale iphukile phakathi, noma ingase ibonakale inebala elimnyama kuleyo ndawo.
Izinguquko eziyinhloko ezibonakalayo yilezi:
- Umbono ofiphele noma ongaboni kahle.
- Ezinye izingxenye zeshadi zibonakala zifiphele noma zimnyama.
- Ezinye izindawo zeshadi azinalutho nhlobo, zibonakala njengamabala amnyama.
Kuthiwani ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone?
Kulezi zinsuku, ungathola ngisho nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone kanye ne-tablet ezinegridi ye-Amsler. Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa enye yalezi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho bese uthola iseluleko. Angakutshela ukuthi ikulungele yini.
Kodwa ungalokothi ukhohlwe lokhu: uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-smartphone aluthathi indawo yokwelashwa. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela wamehlo ofanelekayo ukuze akuhlole.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Igridi ye-Amsler iyindlela elula kakhulu, esheshayo, futhi engenabuhlungu yokuhlola umbono wakho ophakathi ekhaya.
- Lokhu kungabona izinguquko zakuqala ezifweni ezithinta i-macula.
- Uma udokotela wakho ekuyalile ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa nsuku zonke, kwenze.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezintsha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, njengemigqa, imibimbi, amabala amnyama, noma izikhala, yazisa udokotela wakho wamehlo ngokushesha.
- Ngokubona isimo kusenesikhathi, ungavikela amehlo akho ayigugu futhi uvimbele umonakalo owengeziwe.
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