Wake wazibuza ukuthi kwenzekani uma ingcindezi emehlweni akho ikhuphuka kakhulu? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke waba nobuhlungu beso obungazelelwe noma umbono ofiphele ngesikhathi esithile. Namuhla, eNirogi Lanka, sifuna ukukhuluma nawe ngesimo samehlo esibucayi esidinga ukunakekelwa kwakho ngokushesha, kodwa esilawuleka kalula uma siqondwa kahle: i-Angle-Closure Glaucoma.
Iyini i-Angle-Closure Glaucoma?
Kalula nje, i-glaucoma evalekile nge-angle ingenye yezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-glaucoma. I-Glaucoma ibhekisela esimweni lapho ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso lakho—eyaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi ingcindezi yangaphakathi kweso (IOP) —ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwamazinga aphephile.
Ukuze ubone lokhu ngeso lengqondo, cabanga ukuthi iso lakho ligcwele uketshezi olukhethekile olubizwa ngokuthi i-aqueous humor.Lolu ketshezi lukhiqizwa njalo, futhi uketshezi oludala luphuma ngohlelo lwesiteshi esincane. Uma le ndlela yokukhipha amanzi ivinjiwe nganoma yisiphi isizathu, uketshezi luyanqwabelana, okubangela ukucindezeleka kwamehlo akho.
Ku-glaucoma evala i-angle, i-iris yakho (ingxenye enombala yeso lakho) iya phambili noma ivuvukale, ivimbe i-engeli yokuphuma kwamanzi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuzumayo noma kukhule kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ungase uzwe lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-closed-angle glaucoma.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-glaucoma evala nge-angle?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko. Ake sikuchazele zona:
1. I-Glaucoma Eyinhloko Yokuvalwa Kwe-Angle
Lokhu kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu:
- I-Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma: Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha sangempela. Sivela ngokuzumayo, futhi ngaphandle kokungenelela kwezokwelapha okusheshayo, singaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono unomphela. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu obukhulu bamehlo, umbono ofiphele, ukubona imisebe eduze kokukhanya, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye neso elibomvu. Cabanga ngaso njengesimo esibucayi esidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze usindise ukubona kwakho.
- I-Glaucoma Evala Nge-Angle Ngezikhathi Ezifushane: Kulesi simo, indlela yokukhipha amanzi iyavuleka futhi ivale ngezikhathi ezithile. Ungase ube nezimpawu ezifikayo nezidlulayo.
- I-Glaucoma Engapheli Yokuvalwa Kwe-Angle: Ngokuvamile, azikho izimpawu ekuqaleni. Izimpawu zingase zikhule kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma isimo singase siqhubekele esimweni esibi noma siholele ekulimaleni kwemizwa yamehlo unomphela ngenxa yokucindezeleka okuphezulu okuqhubekayo.
2. I-Glaucoma Yesibili Yokuvalwa Kwe-Angle
Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezinye izimo eziyisisekelo, njenge:
- I-Diabetes Mellitus Engalawulwa: Okungaholela ezinkingeni ezifana ne-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki noma ezinye izinkinga zemithambo yegazi, njengokuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ephakathi.
- I-Uveitis: Ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kweso.
- Izibazi noma izinguquko zesakhiwo ezibangelwa ukulimala kwamehlo noma ukuvuvukala okungapheli.
Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?
Izibalo zisikisela ukuthi cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-1,000 angase abe ne-angle-closure glaucoma, kanti ingozi iyanda kakhulu ngemva kweminyaka engama-40.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-17 abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 emhlabeni wonke bahlushwa yi-primary angle-closure glaucoma. Iningi labo—cishe izigidi ezingu-12—lisemazweni ase-Asia. Ngakho-ke, eNirogi Lanka, sigcizelela ukubaluleka kokuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo kulabo abasengozini enkulu.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-glaucoma evalekile nge-angle?
Njengoba kushiwo, i-Acute Angle-Closure Glaucomakubonakala ngezimpawu ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo:
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu bamehlo (ngezinye izikhathi abubekezeleleki).
- Ukubomvu kweso.
- Ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo noma ukufiphala.
- Ukubona ama-halo anombala wothingo azungeze izibani.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu (ngokuvamile ohlangothini olufanayo neso elithintekile).
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ngokuzumayo, ziphathe njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha bese ucela ukunakekelwa esibhedlela esiseduze nawe noma ezinkonzweni eziphuthumayo ngokushesha!
Ezimweni ezingamahlalakhona noma ezingezona eziphuthumayo , ungase ungaziboni njalo izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, ungase ubhekane nalokhu:
- Ukubomvu kwamehlo ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Ukubona okufiphele ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Ukungakhululeki kwamehlo (umuzwa wokucindezeleka noma isisindo).
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu noma ubuhlungu obuncane obuzungeze ibunzi.
Kungani kwenzeka i-glaucoma evala i-angle?
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-aqueous humor ingakwazi ukujikeleza noma ukukhipha amanzi kahle. Ngenxa yokuthi umzimba wakho uyaqhubeka nokukhiqiza uketshezi olusha, ukungakwazi ukukhipha uketshezi oludala kubangela ukucindezeleka ngaphakathi kweso.
Lokhu kucindezela okuphezulu kubeka ingcindezi enkulu emthanjeni wakho wokubona, okuyisixhumanisi esibalulekile phakathi kweso lakho nobuchopho bakho, okuholela ekulimaleni okungenakuguqulwa uma kungelashwa.
Nakuba kunezici eziningi, imbangela evame kakhulu ukuthi njengoba ukhula, ilensi yakho yemvelo iyaqina futhi iqhubekele phambili, icindezela iris yakho futhi ivimbele i-engeli yokukhipha amanzi.
Ingabe lokhu kuyifa?
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi i-glaucoma yokuvalwa kwe-angle ihlotshaniswa nomlando womndeni wakho kanye nezici ezithile zofuzo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma isihlobo esiseduze sitholakale sinalesi simo, ungase ube sengozini enkulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, kubalulekile ukuthi uxoxe ngomlando wempilo yamehlo womndeni wakho nodokotela wakho eNirogi Lanka.
Yiziphi Izinto Eziyingozi Zokuthola I-glaucoma Evala I-angle?
Kunezici eziningana ezibalulekile ezingabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi simo:
- Ubudala: Njengoba ukhula, ingozi yakho iyanda ngenxa yezinguquko ezingaba khona emehlweni akho kanye nokwanda kwengcindezi yangaphakathi kweso (IOP).
- Ubulili: Ngokwezibalo, abesifazane basengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo.
- Ubuzwe: Abantu bozalo lwase-Asia basengozini enkulu.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona?
Njengezinye izinhlobo ze-glaucoma, i-angle-closure glaucoma ingabangela umonakalo ongapheli emthanjeni wakho we-optic, okungase kuholele ekulahlekelweni kokubona okungenakuguqulwa. Yingakho ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusebenzayo kubaluleke kakhulu empilweni yamehlo akho.
Lesi simo sitholakala kanjani?
Uma uthintana nodokotela wakho, bazoqala ngokuxoxa ngezimpawu zakho, umlando wakho wezempilo, kanye nanoma yimuphi umlando wezimo zamehlo emndenini wakho.
Ngemva kwalokhu, udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele .
Yiziphi izivivinyo zokuxilonga ezenziwayo?
Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa izivivinyo ezilandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:
- I-Gonioscopy: Lokhu kuvumela udokotela ukuthi ahlole i-engeli yokukhipha amanzi ngaphakathi kweso lakho.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwesibani Esinezimbobo: Usebenzisa imakroskopu ekhethekile, udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela izakhiwo zangaphakathi zeso lakho.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-IOP: Ukulinganisa ingcindezi engaphakathi kwamehlo akho.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwensimu Ebonakalayo: Lokhu kuhlola umbono wakho ongaphandle (ohlangothini).
- Ukuhlolwa Kokuthwebula Izithombe: Njenge-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) noma ukuskena kwe-ultrasound.
Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi i-glaucoma ivalwe nge-angle-closure, uzogwema ukusebenzisa amaconsi amehlo avula amehlo akho, njengoba lokhu kungase kubangele ukuvaleka kwe-angle yokukhipha amanzi.
Ilashwa kanjani i-glaucoma evala i-angle?
Nakuba i-glaucoma yokuvala i-angle ingelapheki, kukhona ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo ukulawula ingcindezi, ukuvimbela umonakalo owengeziwe, nokuvikela ukubona kwakho.
Ukwelapha i-Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulahlekelwa umbono. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezisheshayo, sicela uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze noma ushayele izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo (911) ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho angase asikisele:
- Imithi: Lokhu kungafaka amaconsi amehlo anqunyiwe (njengeTimolol, Pilocarpine, noma iBrimonidine) kanye nemithi yomlomo efana ne-Acetazolamide.
- I-Laser Iridotomy: Inqubo esebenzisa i-laser ukudala imbobo encane ku-iris yakho, okuvumela uketshezi olusesweni lakho ukuthi luphume ngokukhululeka. Uma iso elilodwa lithintekile, udokotela wakho uvame ukwelapha womabili amehlo ukuze avimbele isimo esiphuthumayo esweni elingathintekile.
Ukwelapha i-Glaucoma Engavalwanga Kakhulu
Ezimweni ezingamahlalakhona noma ezingezona ezibukhali, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqhubeka nokuncoma i -Laser Iridotomy .
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlinzwa kokususwa kwe-cataract, njengoba lokhu kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuphuma kwamanzi futhi kunciphise ukuqhubeka kwesimo.
Imiphumela Engemihle Yokwelashwa
Ngemva kokwelashwa nge-laser, ungase ube nombono ofiphele noma ukuzwela ukukhanya izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ungase futhi uqaphele ukukhanya okuncane. Sincoma ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya ngemuva kwenqubo, kodwa kufanele ukwazi ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile yansuku zonke ngosuku olulandelayo.
Yini engingayilindela uma ngitholakala nginalesi simo?
Ngokwelashwa okuqhubekayo kanye nokuqapha njalo eNirogi Lanka, isibikezelo sakho ngokuvamile siba sihle. Endabeni ye-glaucoma evalekile nge-angle, ukwelashwa okusheshayo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ulondoloze ukubona kwakho.
Kubalulekile ukuthi unamathele esimisweni sakho sokulandelela futhi ugcine yonke i-aphoyintimenti yokuhlolwa kwempilo yamehlo akho.
Ingabe i-glaucoma evalekile nge-angle ingavinjelwa?
Cha, awukwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele i-glaucoma yokuvala i-angle. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhlela ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo nochwepheshe wokunakekelwa kwamehlo, unganquma ukuthi usengozini yini. Uma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angakunikeza isiqondiso ngemithi ethile okufanele uyigweme kanye nokwelashwa okufanele ukulandele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unesifo sikashukela, ukuphatha amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngempumelelo nakho kubalulekile.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela wakho?
Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wamehlo ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, qiniseka ukuthi uya kuzo zonke izivivinyo ngokwesimiso esinconywe udokotela wakho.
Kufanele uye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo?
Kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ezimweni ezilandelayo ngokuxhumana nodokotela wakho wamehlo noma ukuya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze:
- Uma izimpawu ziqala ngokuzumayo (isib., ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo).
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu emehlweni.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu eziningi ndawonye (isib. ukubomvu kwamehlo, isicanucanu, kanye nobuhlungu bamehlo).
- Uma ulimele iso.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu ngemva kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlinzwa kwamehlo.
Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho noma udokotela wamehlo?
Ungase ucabangele ukubuza ithimba lakho lezokwelapha okulandelayo:
- Uhlobo luni lwe-glaucoma enginalo?
- Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuncomayo?
- Ingabe uhlobo lwami lwe-glaucoma luyifa?
- Iyini imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
- Iyini inkomba yami yesikhathi esifushane neside?
- Ingabe kukhona imisebenzi okufanele ngiyigweme?
- Kufanele ngihlele kangaki ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela?
- Ingabe ngingumuntu ofanelekela noma yiziphi izivivinyo zemitholampilo?
- Uyazi ukuthi kukhona amaqembu okusekelana engingawajoyina?
Ukubhala amanothi ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho kungaba usizo kakhulu. Ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngane ukuzokusiza ukubuza imibuzo nokukhumbula izimpendulo nakho kuyanconywa kakhulu.
Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya
I-Glaucoma iyisimo esivamile, futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi. I-glaucoma yokuvalwa kwe-angle ingenye yalezi zinhlobo. Uma uhlangabezana nokuhlaselwa kwe-glaucoma yokuvalwa kwe-angle, kumele iphathwe njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.
Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu bamehlo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukubomvu kwamehlo, kanye nesicanucanu, ungangabazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha. Ungadinga ukungenelela okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha ukuze ulondoloze umbono wakho. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-glaucoma yokuvala i-angle nazo zidinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo. Kunoma yisiphi isimo, ukutholakala nokuphathwa kusenesikhathi kuyizindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuvikela impilo yakho. Ungesabi—ulwazi luyimandla akho amakhulu ngeNirogi Lanka!
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)
💬 Ingabe i-Angle-Closure Glaucoma iyisimo esivamile se-glaucoma?
Cha. Ku-glaucoma ejwayelekile (evulekile), umfutho wamehlo uvame ukwakheka kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, i-glaucoma yokuvala i-angle iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esibucayi. Kwenzeka lapho ukuphuma koketshezi kuvinjiwe ngokuphelele, okubangela ukwanda okusheshayo nokuyingozi komfutho wamehlo emahoreni ambalwa okungaholela ekulahlekelweni umbono unomphela uma kungaxazululwa ngokushesha.
💬 Yiziphi izimpawu zalesi simo ezingabangela ubumpumputhe emahoreni ambalwa?
Ngokungafani ne-open-angle glaucoma, evame ukungakhulumi, ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kuveza ubuhlungu obukhulu, obungabekezeleleki kwelinye iso kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu elibuhlungu kulolo hlangothi. Iso libonakala libomvu kakhulu, ungase ubone ama-halo noma amasongo anombala wothingo azungeze izibani, umbono wakho ungase ufiphale ngokuzumayo, futhi ungase uzizwe unesicanucanu esikhulu noma uhlanze.
💬 Ngidinga ukufika esibhedlela ngokushesha kangakanani ukuze ngisindise umbono wami?
Isikhathi sibalulekile! Uma ufuna ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kungakapheli amahora amaningi izimpawu zivele, unethuba elingcono kakhulu lokusindisa umbono wakho. Abasebenzi besibhedlela bazothatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze banciphise ukucindezeleka kwamehlo ngemithi futhi bavame ukwenza inqubo ye-laser (i-Laser Iridotomy) ukuze benze isikhala esincane ku-iris, okuvumela uketshezi oluvalelekile ukuthi luphume futhi lubuyisele ukucindezeleka okuvamile.
Amagama angukhiye: I-Glaucoma Evalekile Nge-Angle, I-Glaucoma, Ukucindezeleka Kwamehlo, I-Optic Nerve, Ukulahlekelwa Ukubona, Ubuhlungu Bamehlo, Ukwelashwa Nge-Laser
