Uma sizwa izinhlungu endaweni ethile, into yokuqala esiyenzayo ukugijima siyofuna umuthi ' wokubulala izinhlungu ', akunjalo? Uma siphathwa yikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu bamazinyo, ubuhlungu besisu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, lapho siwa futhi silimala izitho zethu... sifuna usizo kubabulali bezinhlungu ngakho konke lokhu. Lokhu kuyinto ekhona ngempela ekhabetheni lemithi lazo zonke izindlu. Kodwa, ingabe siyazi kahle lezi zidakamizwa zokunciphisa izinhlungu, noma 'ama-Analgesics'? Zisebenza kanjani emizimbeni yethu? Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo zazo? Yiziphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yokuzisebenzisa njalo? Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngakho konke lokhu kalula, njengokungathi sikhuluma nomngane.
Kalula nje, iyini le mithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu?
Ama-painkiller, noma njengoba siwabiza ngokuthi , 'ama-painkiller', awuhlobo lomuthi oqeda noma onciphisa ubuhlungu emzimbeni wethu. Kukhona into ebalulekile okudingeka siyiqonde lapha. Lawa ma-painkiller awafani nemithi yokubulala izinzwa enikezwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ama-anesthesia amisa okwesikhashana ukusebenza kwezinzwa endaweni ethile, into efana nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Kodwa imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ayikwenzi lokho. Ayizicimi izinzwa zethu, ayisithinti ekuzizweni izinto ezisizungezile, noma isenze silahlekelwe ingqondo. Inciphisa kuphela umuzwa wobuhlungu ebuchosheni bethu noma inciphise ukuvuvukala okubangela ubuhlungu .
Kukuziphi izimo lapho sisebenzisa khona imithi yokubulala izinhlungu?
Sonke sike sasebenzisa imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ngesinye isikhathi empilweni yethu. Cabanga ngesimo esinjengalesi...
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa: Odokotela batusa lokhu ukusiza ekulawuleni ubuhlungu ngemva kwanoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okuncane noma okukhulu.
- Uma kwenzeka ukulimala: Ubuhlungu obukhulu obubangelwa izingozi, njengokuphuka kwethambo (ukuphuka) noma ukuklwebheka komlenze.
- Ubuhlungu Obubukhali: Ngezinto ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu bamazinyo, noma ukucindezeleka kwemisipha.
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba obujwayelekile: Ngezinto ezifana nokuqaqamba kokuya esikhathini kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba ngemva kokuzivocavoca.
- Ubuhlungu Obungapheli: Phatha izimo zobuhlungu zesikhathi eside njenge-arthritis, umdlavuza, kanye nobuhlungu bomhlane.
Zisebenza kanjani lezi zidakamizwa zokubulala izinhlungu? Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko!
Ama-painkiller angahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko, ngasinye esisebenza emizimbeni yethu ngezindlela ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele.
1. Ama-Analgesics alwa nokuvuvukala
Lolu hlobo lomuthi wobuhlungu lusebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, noma ukuvuvukala, endaweni yobuhlungu. Uma kwenzeka okuthile emzimbeni wethu, njengokulimala noma ukutheleleka, impendulo yemvelo yomzimba iwukuba indawo ibe bomvu, ivuvuke, ishise, futhi ibe buhlungu. Lokhu kungenxa yokukhishwa kwamakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-prostaglandins. Le mithi isebenza ngokumisa ukukhiqizwa kwalawo makhemikhali. Lokhu kunciphisa kokubili ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu.
Sisebenzisa izinhlobo zemithi ezivame kakhulu ezikulesi sigaba.
- I-Acetaminophen: Lena yi -paracetamol esiyaziyo sonke. Ivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu obujwayelekile.
- I-aspirin: Lokhu futhi kuyindlela yokuqeda izinhlungu kanye nomuthi onciphisa ukujiya kwegazi.
- Imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal (ama-NSAID): Leli gama lide kancane, kodwa siyazazi lezi. Isibonelo, imithi efana ne -Ibuprofen , i-Naproxen , ne-Diclofenac ingeyaleli qembu. Lezi zisebenza kahle kakhulu ezintweni ezifana nobuhlungu bemisipha kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga.
- Ama-COX Inhibitors: Lawa uhlobo olukhethekile lwemithi efana nama-NSAID, kodwa ayinawo umphumela omkhulu esiswini.
2. Imithi Yokudambisa Ubuhlungu Yama-Opioid
Lezi yiqembu lezidakamizwa ezinamandla kancane, futhi udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu ngazo. Zibizwa nangokuthi izidakamizwa . Lezi zidakamizwa azisebenzi endaweni lapho ubuhlungu bukhona khona; zithinta ngqo ubuchopho bethu kanye nesistimu yezinzwa.
Kalula nje, le mithi ishintsha indlela ubuchopho 'obamukela ngayo' izimpawu zobuhlungu. Ngisho noma ubuhlungu busemzimbeni, buyancipha ebuchosheni. Yingakho odokotela beyinikeza izimo zobuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu, njengobuhlungu obukhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ubuhlungu bomdlavuza.
Okubalulekile: Imithi yokubulala ubuhlungu ye-opioid yimithi okufanele ithathwe kuphela ngeseluleko sikadokotela, ngomthamo onqunyiwe, nangesikhathi esinqunyiwe, njengoba ingozi yokulutha/ukulutheka iphezulu kakhulu.
Eminye imithi engaphansi kwaleli qembu yile:
- I-Codeine
- I-Tramadol
- I-Morphine
- I-Fentanyl
- I-Oxycodone
Yiziphi izindlela zokuthatha amaphilisi okudambisa izinhlungu?
Ama-painkiller angathathwa yimizimba yethu ngezindlela ezahlukene. Udokotela wakho uzonquma indlela efanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni kanye nobunzima bobuhlungu bakho, kanye nezinga lakho lokududuzeka.
- Amaphilisi, amaphilisi noma ama-capsule agwinyiwe: Lena yindlela esiyibona futhi esiyisebenzisa kakhulu.
- Uketshezi olugwinyayo: Le ndlela isetshenziselwa izingane ezincane kanye nalabo abanenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi.
- Ama-patches esikhumbeni: Uma kusetshenziswa imithi enamandla yokuqeda ubuhlungu esikhumbeni njenge-patch, umuthi ungena kancane kancane emzimbeni.
- Imijovo: Le ndlela isetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo nalapho kudingeka ukukhululeka ngokushesha ebuhlungwini.
- Isifutho sekhala: Amanye amaphilisi okudambisa izinhlungu nawo ayatholakala ngale ndlela.
- Amafilimu angaphansi kolimi: Lawa amuncwa ngokushesha egazini.
Ziyini izingozi nemiphumela emibi yokusebenzisa imithi yokubulala izinhlungu?
Bathi, "Ukusebenzisa kakhulu noma yini kubi." Lokhu kuyasebenza nakuma-painkiller. Ukuwasebenzisa, ikakhulukazi ngemithamo ephezulu kanye nesikhathi eside ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela, kungabangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ake sibheke lezi zigaba ezimbili zezingozi ngokwehlukana.
| Isigaba sezidakamizwa | Imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| Ama-painkiller alwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID, njenge-Paracetamol) |
|
| Ama-opioid painkiller (ama-opioid) |
Okunye okwengeziwe ngezingozi zokulutha i-opioid
Ama-opioid yimithi engasindisa izimpilo uma isetshenziswa kahle, kodwa ingabulala izimpilo uma isetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele. Isifo Sokusetshenziswa Kabi Kwezidakamizwa (i-SAD) sikhula kancane. Kunezimpawu eziningana zokuthi othile angase abe nalesi simo.
- Ukuthatha imithi eminingi kunaleyo enqunywe udokotela.
- Ngizama ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi kodwa angikwazi ukwenza kanjalo.
- Ukucabanga ngemithi kuze kube sezingeni lokungakwazi ukufeza imisebenzi yomsebenzi, yesikole, noma yomndeni.
- Ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa lo muthi naphezu kokwazi ukuthi uzodala izinkinga.
- Ukuhoxa emisebenzini yomphakathi nakubangane.
- Ukusebenzisa lokhu ngisho nasezimweni eziyingozi njengokushayela.
- Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umthamo othathwayo uyaba ngowanele ngaphambi kokuba kuzwakale ukukhululeka kobuhlungu (Ukubekezelela).
- Izimpawu zokuhoxa zenzeka lapho umuthi uyekwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Futhi, gcina yonke imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu ngokuphephile kude nezingane ezincane.
Kunini lapho kufanele ufune khona iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ngenkathi uthatha umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu, bona udokotela noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
| Izimpawu Zefulegi Elibomvu | |
|---|---|
| Izinguquko zesikhumba | Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ezifana nokuqubuka kwesikhumba kanye nokuvuvukala noma kuphi emzimbeni. |
| Izinguquko esitulweni | Indle emnyama, ephuzile (lokhu kungaba uphawu lokopha esiswini). |
| Izinguquko ekuhlanzeni | Ukuhlanza indle efana negazi noma ikhofi . |
| Izinguquko zemizwa | Izinguquko ekuboneni noma ekuzweni. |
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu | Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu kakhulu noma ikhanda elibuhlungu. |
| Izinguquko emchameni | Ubunzima bokuchama, umchamo onamafu noma oshintsha umbala. |
| Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba namehlo | Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma okumhlophe kwamehlo (i-jaundice) (lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokulimala kwesibindi). |
| Isisindo somzimba | Ukwanda okungazelelwe kwesisindo somzimba. |
Uma usola ukuthi othile uphuze izidakamizwa eziqeda ubuhlungu ngokweqile, myise esibhedlela ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, ungashayela neNational Poisons Information Centre eColombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-painkiller ayimithi ewusizo kakhulu eqeda ubuhlungu. Kodwa kumele asetshenziswe ngendlela efanele futhi ehloniphekile.
- Ngisho noma ungathola imithi yokubulala ubuhlungu etholakala ekhemisi, ungathathi ngaphezu komthamo onconywayo. Uma uzoyisebenzisa isikhathi eside, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela.
- Ungalokothi wabelane ngamaphilisi okudambisa izinhlungu, ikakhulukazi ama-opioid, anikezwe udokotela nomunye umuntu. Kungaba yingozi kulowo muntu.
- Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha (isib. isifo sohudo, isifo sezinso, isifo senhliziyo) noma uthatha eminye imithi, tshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile ngenkathi usebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu, ungawushayi indiva futhi funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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