Wake wezwa igama elithi 'aneurysm'? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho uke walikhuluma, noma mhlawumbe othile emndenini wakho unalesi simo. Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kuyesabeka kancane, kubalulekile ukuqaphela. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngokuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwendabuko kwe-aneurysm, okungukuthi, 'ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwendabuko'.
Kuyini ukuhlinzwa kwe-aneurysm?
Kalula nje, ukuhlinzwa kwe-aneurysm kuyindlela yokwelapha i-aneurysm ku-aorta, umthambo wegazi oyinhloko emzimbeni wethu. I-aorta ifana nombhobho wamanzi oyinhloko emzimbeni wethu. Uma olunye udonga lwayo lubuthakathaka futhi luqhuma njengebhaluni, sikubiza ngokuthi "i-Aortic Aneurysm". Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu, ngoba iqhuma lingaqhuma (liqhume) noma lidabuke (liqhekeke). Uma lokho kwenzeka, kungaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
Ngakho-ke kulokhu kuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa ingxenye eyonakele, evuvukile ye-aorta bese eyishintsha ngesakhiwo esifana nethubhu esenziwe ngezicubu zokwenziwa. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-graft. Le graft isebenza njengomthambo wegazi omusha, ovumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze ngokuphephile futhi ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa.
Lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Udokotela ohlinzayo kufanele enze ukusika okukhulu esifubeni sakho noma esiswini ukuze afinyelele ku-aneurysm. Uma kusesifubeni sakho, sikubiza ngokuthi `(thoracic aortic aneurysm)`, futhi uma kungaphansi kancane esiswini sakho, sikubiza ngokuthi `(abdominal aortic aneurysm)`.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kusindisa impilo. Nakuba kunezingozi ezithile ezihilelekile, izinzuzo zidlula kakhulu lezo. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa nawe ngokwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.
Ubani ngempela odinga lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyadingeka ezingxenyeni ezimbili eziyinhloko. Esinye siyisimo esiphuthumayo, kanti esinye sihlelwa futhi senziwe ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ingozi.
1. Njengesimo esiphuthumayo (uma i-aneurysm iqhuma noma iqhuma)
Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu. Uma i-aneurysm iqhuma, kuyisimo sokuphila noma ukufa. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezilandelayo ngokuzumayo, kufanele uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha .
| Izimpawu ezingase zivele esimweni esiphuthumayo | |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obungabekezeleleki, obudabukisayo esifubeni noma emhlane. | Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungazelelwe esiswini, emhlane, noma emilenzeni. |
| Isikhumba esinamathelayo nesijulukayo. | Ukuzizwa unesizungu nokuquleka. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo ngokweqile. | Isicanucanu nokuhlanza. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula. | |
2. Ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ingozi (njengokuhlinzwa okuhleliwe)
Uma udokotela wakho ethole ukuthi une-aneurysm, uzoyiqapha njalo. Uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo, ingozi yokuqhuma kwe-aneurysm iphakeme. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukwenza ukuhlinzwa.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu esiswini sakho, emhlane, esifubeni, esinqeni, noma ethangeni elingaphakathi.
- Uma kuzwakala sengathi kubuhlungu esiswini.
- Uma ukhwehlela, unesihlungu, noma uphefumula kanzima.
- Uma i-aneurysm inkulu kunamasentimitha angu-5 .
- Uma i-aneurysm ikhula ngokushesha (ngaphezu kwesentimitha elilodwa ngonyaka).
Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa impilo yakho iyonke, ubukhulu be-aneurysm, kanye nendawo ekuyo, ukuze enze isinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma unesifo esifana ne-Marfan syndrome, ngisho ne-aneurysm encane ingaba yingozi. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ngokushesha.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Uma kungukuhlinzwa okuhleliwe, amalungiselelo aqala emasontweni ambalwa kusengaphambili.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha: Udokotela uzokuxilonga futhi enze izivivinyo eziningana ukuze abone ukuthi umzimba wakho usukulungele yini ukuhlinzwa.
- Ukukhuluma ngemithi: Kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, imithi yamakhambi, amavithamini). Eminye imithi ingadinga ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Lawula ezinye izifo: Uma unezifo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, kudingeka zilawulwe kahle ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuyeka ukubhema: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukubhema okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Izifo: Uma unesifo esithile, njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane, tshela udokotela wakho ngaso.
Udokotela uzokunikeza imiyalelo ekhethekile, njengokungaphuzi amanzi ngemva kwamabili ebusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Ngeke uzwe lutho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Uzolaliswa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha cishe amahora ama-3-4. Nazi izinyathelo eziyinhloko.
1. Ukusikwa: Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusikwa okude esifubeni noma esiswini ukuze afinyelele ku-aneurysm.
2. Ukubopha: Amadivayisi akhethekile avala imithambo yegazi okwesikhashana ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwe-aneurysm. Ngalesi sikhathi, umshini wenhliziyo namaphaphu ungasetshenziswa ukupompa igazi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
3. Ukufakwa kwe-graft: Ingxenye evuvukele, eyonakele iyasuswa bese ithathelwa indawo yipayipi lokwenziwa, elibizwa ngokuthi ``i-graft'', eligoqekayo bese lilungiswa.
4. Ukuvalwa: Ekugcineni, ukusika kuvalwa ngezitishi noma ngezinti eziyisisekelo.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzodluliselwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU). Lapho uzoqashwa izinsuku eziningana. Isikhathi esiphelele sokuhlala esibhedlela singaba phakathi kwezinsuku ezintathu neziyishumi. Esibhedlela, uzokwenza okulandelayo:
- Kufakwa i-catheter yomchamo.
- Kufakwa ipayipi ngekhala.
- Ama-anti-coagulants anikezwa ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi.
- Bangase batuse ukugqoka amasokisi akhethekile ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni.
- Kunikezwa imithi yokubulala izinhlungu.
Kufanele uqale ukuhamba kancane bese uthola amandla akho kabusha. Kodwa khumbula, lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Ngakho-ke udinga ukunikeza umzimba wakho isikhathi sokululama. Hlela ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya ngemoto. Awukwazi ukushayela kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekunike imvume.
Isikhathi sokululama nezinto okufanele uziqaphele
Ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto angu-4-6 ukululama ngokugcwele, nakuba amanye angathatha izinyanga ezingu-2-3.
Imikhawulo okufanele ilandelwe ngesikhathi sokululama
- Ungashayeli kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekuyala ukuthi ushayele.
- Ungagezi ebhavini lamanzi kuze kube yilapho inxeba selipholile. Ungageza.
- Ungaphakamisi izinsimbi ezisinda ngaphezu kwama-4.5 kg (10 lbs).
- Ungazivivinyi kakhulu uze uphelelwe umoya.
Ukunakekela inxeba lokusikwa
Uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula, beka umcamelo phezu kwesilonda bese usicindezela phansi. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ubuhlungu futhi kuvikele inxeba. Gcina inxeba lihlanzekile njengoba udokotela wakho ekutshela.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha
Nakisisa umzimba wakho ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
| Izinkinga zokusika amanxeba | |
|---|---|
| Ubomvu, ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukufudumala okuzungeze inxeba. | Igazi noma uketshezi olucacile oluphuma enxebeni. |
| Ukuphuma kobomvu okuphuzi noma okuluhlaza okotshani. | Izinhlangothi zenxeba ziyahlukana. |
| Ezinye izinkinga ezinkulu | |
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma obuqhubekayo emhlane noma esiswini. | Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze noma ukungakwazi ukuhambisa imilenze. |
| Ubuhlungu esifubeni noma ukuphelelwa umoya ngisho nalapho uphumule. | Ukuzizwa unesizungu, ukuquleka, noma ukukhathala okukhulu. |
| Ukuphuma kwegazi okune-mucus, noma i-mucus ephuzi/eluhlaza okotshani. | Ukuzizwa ubanda noma umkhuhlane. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Aneurysm kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu nesindisa impilo. Kubalulekile ukuyiqonda kahle, ngaphandle kokuyesaba.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu besifuba/umhlane obungazelelwe, ukuquleka, njll. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Uma kwenzeka ukuhlinzwa okuhleliwe, landela imiyalelo kadokotela ngokucophelela ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugwema ukubhema.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukululama. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, bekezela, uphumule, futhi ufune ukwesekwa emndenini nakubangane.
- Ukulondoloza indlela yokuphila enempilo ngemva kokuhlinzwa, okuhlanganisa ukudla okuhle, ukuzivocavoca umzimba, kanye nokuphatha ezinye izifo, kubalulekile ukuze umuntu alulame isikhathi eside.
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