Sinqikaza kancane ukukhuluma ngezinye izingxenye zomzimba wethu, akunjalo? Indunu ingenye yezindawo ezinjalo. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu kithi ukuqaphela izinkinga zempilo ezihlobene nale ngxenye. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga. Namuhla sikhuluma ngokuhlinzwa okunjalo, i-Anoplasty. Ngisho noma ungakaze uzwe ngalokhu, ukwazi lolu lwazi kungaba yinto ebalulekile kuwe noma kothile oseduze nawe ngolunye usuku.
Kuyini i-Anoplasty?
Kalula nje, i-anoplasty inqubo yokuhlinzwa elungisa noma eshintsha i-anus yakho. Njengoba wazi, i-anus yingxenye yokugcina yamathumbu ethu amakhulu. Iyingxenye efana nethubhu engamasentimitha angu-3-4 ubude, izungezwe imisipha. Le misipha (ama-sphincter) iyasiza ekukhipheni indle.
Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona iphutha endleleni i-rectum engasebenzi kahle ngayo, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze kulungiswe. Ezinye zalezi ziphazamiso zingaba yinto yokuzalwa nayo, kanti ezinye zingavela kamuva ngenxa yengozi noma isimo sezokwelapha.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-anorectal uhlobo lokuhlinzwa oluhilela i-anus kanye nengxenye yokugcina yamathumbu amakhulu (i-rectum).
Kungani lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyadingeka?
Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza i-anoplasty. Ake siziqonde kahle.
| Isizathu esiyinhloko | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Anal Stenosis | Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Izicubu zezibazi zakheka ngaphakathi kwe-rectum, zinciphise indlela. Cabanga ngakho njengepayipi lamanzi elivalekile ngothuli. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ukucindezela." Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuphuma kwendle. Ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka kuphela uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehluleka ukuthuthukisa isimo. |
| Ukukhubazeka kwe-Anorectal | Lezi yiziphambeko umntwana azalwa nazo. Isibonelo, i - Imperforate Anus yisimo lapho imbobo (imbobo) ye-anus ingekho noma ivaliwe.Kusho ukuthi imbobo yendunu ayikho lapho kufanele ibe khona, kodwa isendaweni ehlukile (ngokuvamile ngaphansi). Le mbobo ivame ukuba mncane, futhi ayinalo ikhono lokulawula indle. |
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa nini enganeni encane?
Kuvamile ukuthi abazali bashaqeke kakhulu lapho bezwa ukuthi umntwana osanda kuzalwa unenkinga efana nale. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yentuthuko kwesayensi yezokwelapha, kunezixazululo ezisebenzayo kulokhu.
Ezinye izinkinga zokuzalwa ezilula zingalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa okulula kwe-anoplasty, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
Kodwa-ke, izinsana ezinezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi zingase zidingeke ukuba zihlinzwe kaningi.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela uzoqala enze i- colostomy . Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwakheka imbobo encane (i-stoma) esiswini somntwana, okudala indlela yesikhashana yokuphuma kwendle. Lokhu kuvumela umntwana ukuthi akhululeke ngokuphephile. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngesikhathi esifanele esinqunywe udokotela, kwenziwa i-anoplasty ukuze kulungiswe kahle i-anus. Ngemva kwalokho, lapho amanxeba esepholile kahle, i-colostomy yesikhashana iyasuswa, bese umntwana ekwazi ukukhulula indle ngendlela evamile nge-anus.
Kufanele ngilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Uma ungumuntu omdala, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi uhlanze amathumbu akho ngokuphelele (ukulungiselela amathumbu) ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhilela ukukunikeza umuthi okhethekile woketshezi (i-laxative) ukuze uwuphuze. Uma uwuphuza, konke okusemathunjini akho kuzophuma kanye nendle yakho.
Kuzodingeka futhi ulawule ukudla kwakho usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi. Ngokuvamile uzotshelwa ukuthi udle ukudla okune-fiber ephansi futhi uphuze uketshezi olucacile kuphela ngosuku lokugcina. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Umgomo oyinhloko we-anoplasty ukuvuselela i-anus esebenzayo. Lokho okwenziwa udokotela wakho ohlinzayo kungase kuhluke kuye ngesimo sakho.
Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile .
- Kumuntu one-anal stenosis: Udokotela ohlinzayo ususa izicubu zesibazi ezibangele ukuncipha. I-anus bese ivuleka futhi. Kodwa-ke kwakheka igebe elincane ngaphakathi. Ukuze kuvalwe igebe, kuthathwa ingcezu encane yesikhumba (i-skin flap) ngaphandle kwe-anus, ezinqeni, bese ixhunyelelwa kuleyo ndawo bese ithungwa.
- Uma umntwana enesifo sokuzalwa (i-Anorectal Malformation):Udokotela ohlinzayo kuzodingeka adale umsele omusha wendunu. Lo msele omusha kumele uqale emathunjini, udlule emisipheni ye-sphincter yendunu, bese uvula endaweni efanele. Uma kukhona ama-fistula avuleka ezindaweni ezingafanele, azovalwa. Uma umntwana ehlinzwa i-colostomy yesikhashana, uzohlala lapho kuze kube yilapho umsele omusha wendunu uphola.
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi nezinkinga ezingase zenzeke, futhi kubalulekile ukuzazi.
| Uhlobo lwenkinga | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga zesikhashana | |
| Ukutheleleka | Ukutheleleka kungenzeka ngesikhathi inxeba liphola. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizokufundisa ukuthi ungakuvimbela kanjani lokhu. |
| I-Hematoma (igazi eliqhekekile) | Igazi lingaqoqana ngaphakathi kwesilonda bese lenza ihlule. Lokhu kungelashwa ngokufaka iqhwa kanye nokucindezela. |
| Ubunzima bokuchama (Ukugcinwa Komchamo) | Abanye abantu bangase babe nobunzima bokuchama ngemva kokuhlinzwa, okungadinga imithi noma i-catheter yesikhashana. |
| Ukuqunjelwa | Ukuqunjelwa kungase kwenzeke ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela uzokunikeza imithi edingekayo yalokhu. |
| Izinkinga zesikhathi eside | |
| Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba kwendle | Lokhu kungenzeka uma ukuhlinzwa kulimaze imisipha noma imizwa. Ezinye izingane ezinezinkinga zokuzalwa zingase zilahlekelwe imizwa nemisipha edingekayo kusukela ekuqaleni. Abanye abantu bangakwazi ukubhekana nalokhu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngalokhu. |
| I-Stenosis | Uma indunu ingavulwa nsuku zonke ngesikhathi sokuphulukiswa, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi izophinde inciphe. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwenza ukwandiswa njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela. |
| Ukuqubuka Kwenabukeni | Uma izingane ziqala ukuthulula indle ngendunu, zingaba nokuqhuma okukhulu kwesikhumba kuleyo ndawo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhumba asijwayele ukuthulula indle. Amafutha akhethekile angasiza ekuvimbeleni nasekuphatheni lokhu. |
Sinjani isikhathi sokululama?
Inqubo yokuphulukisa ivame ukuthatha cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisishiyagalombili. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kuzodingeka wenze ukukhulisa indunu nsuku zonke . Lesi yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu enkambisweni yokuphulukisa. Idivayisi ekhethekile (i-dilator) ifakwa endunu nsuku zonke bese idonswa. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuvimbela indunu ukuthi ingaphinde inciphe futhi ibangele amanxeba njengoba iphola.
Kuvamile ukopha kancane uma lokhu sekwenziwe, ngakho ungakhathazeki. Udokotela uzokunikeza imithi yokulawula ubuhlungu. Uzokutshela nokuthi ulandele ukudla okukhethekile ngenkathi ululama.
Khumbula, lezi zimo azivamile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma zenzeka, i-anoplasty iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi njengoba ingane enesifo esibi sokuzalwa ingase ingakwazi ukubuyela esimweni sayo esijwayelekile ngokuphelele, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungabanika ithuba lokuphila impilo evamile ngangokunokwenzeka.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Anoplasty ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa ukulungisa i-stenosis yendunu kubantu abadala noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa ezinganeni.
- Ezinye izingane zingadinga ukuhlinzwa kwesikhashana ukuze ziphume indle ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okuyinhloko.
- Ukwandiswa kwendunu nsuku zonke ngemva kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukuvimbela indlela entsha edalwe ukuthi inciphe.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho mayelana nokunakekelwa kwenxeba, ukudla okudlayo, kanye nokuvakasha kokulandelela.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga, njengobuhlungu obukhulu, izimpawu zokutheleleka (ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, ubomvu), noma ubunzima obukhulu bokuchama/ukukhipha indle, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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