Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi wethukile kancane lapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi "thatha ingxenye encane yesibindi sakho uyohlolwa" (i-Liver Biopsy). Ubani ongathandi ukuzwa amagama athi "ukufaka inaliti," akunjalo? Kodwa empeleni lokhu akwesabisi njengoba sicabanga. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uthole ukuthi yini ngempela engalungile ngesibindi sakho. Ngakho ake sixoxe ngalokhu kusukela ekuqaleni.
Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwesibindi?
Kalula nje, i-biopsy yesibindi inqubo lapho kususwa khona ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu (isampula yezicubu) esibindini sakho kusetshenziswa inaliti ekhethekile. Le sampula yezicubu ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ngudokotela ochwepheshe bezicubu, obizwa ngokuthi i-pathologist. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekuboneni ukuthi hlobo luni lwesifo isibindi sakho esinaso.
Esikhathini esiningi, uphelelwa yi-anesthesia ngokuphelele, okusho ukuthi awulaliswa. Kodwa-ke, uma ukhathazekile noma ukhathazekile, unganikezwa umuthi wokudambisa (umuthi) ukuze uphumule. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi wenze lokhu ngaphandle kokuzizwa ungakhululekile kakhulu.
Kungani udinga i-biopsy yesibindi?
Udokotela angase akuthumele kulolu vivinyo ngezizathu eziningana.
- Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lakho ibonisa ama-enzyme esibindi aphakeme ngokungavamile njalo.
- Uma isikhumba sakho siphenduke siphuzi ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, kusho ukuthi une-jaundice.
- Uma ukuskenwa kwesibindi sakho (njenge-ultrasound noma i-CT scan) kukhombisa ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngaso, njengesimila,
- Uma isibindi sivuvukele futhi sikhule ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kungahlonza ngokunembile izifo eziningi ezihlobene nesibindi. Isibonelo:
- Umdlavuza wesibindi
- Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha
- Bona ukuthi zimbi kangakanani izimo ezifana ne-Hepatitis B no-C
- Bheka ukuthi isibindi sinesifo se-cirrhosis yini, futhi uma kunjalo, ngezinga elingakanani.
Futhi, uma umuntu esevele ethola ukwelashwa kwesifo sesibindi, lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-biopsy kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyaphumelela yini.
Ingabe lokhu kuyalimaza ngempela?
Lona ngumbuzo omkhulu engqondweni yawo wonke umuntu. Kuvamile ukucabanga ngobuhlungu uma uzwa igama elithi "ukufaka inaliti bese uthatha ucezu." Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi, awuzizwa ubuhlungu uma inaliti ye-biopsy ifakwa esibindini.
Udokotela uzoqala ngokufaka umuthi wokubulala izinzwa endaweni yesikhumba lapho kuzofakwa khona inaliti. Lokhu kufana nokufaka izinsini zibe nezimpawu ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwezinyo. Ungase uzizwe umuzwa omncane wokushisa lapho unikezwa umjovo, kodwa indawo izobe ingasebenzi kahle ngomzuzu. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho kufakwa inaliti ye-biopsy, uzozwa ukucindezeleka okuncane kuphela, hhayi ubuhlungu.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwenza i-biopsy yesibindi?
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza i-biopsy yesibindi. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu ngesimo sakho.
| Indlela ye-biopsy | Indlela yokukwenza kalula |
|---|---|
| I-Percutaneous Biopsy | Lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa futhi elula kakhulu. Ngemva kokwenza isikhumba sibe nezinhlungu, kufakwa inaliti esikhumbeni sesisu iye esibindini bese kuthathwa ingcezu yezicubu. |
| I-Biopsy Ehlanganisiwe | Kufana nalokho okungenhla, kodwa ngemva kokususwa kwezicubu, inaliti ifakwa ijeli ekhethekile. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokopha. |
| I-Laparoscopic Biopsy | Kwenziwa ukusika okuncane kakhulu esiswini, bese kufakwa ipayipi elinekhamera (i-laparoscope). Ikhamera ibheka isibindi bese ithatha ucezu lwezicubu endaweni oyifunayo. Uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ngokugcwele ngalokhu. |
| I-Transvenous / Transjugular Biopsy | Le ndlela isetshenziswa kubantu abanezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi. Ipayipi elincane kakhulu (i-catheter) lidluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi emikhulu entanyeni (umthambo we-jugular) liye esibindini, bese kudluliselwa inalithi ye-biopsy kulelo payipi ukuze kuthathwe ucezu lwezicubu. |
Ngingalungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy?
Kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzenze ngaphambi kwalolu vivinyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uzilandele kahle lezi zinto.
- Tshela udokotela wakho konke: Uma ukhulelwe, unesifo senhliziyo noma samaphaphu, une-allergies emithini ethile, noma unezinkinga zokopha, mtshele konke kusenesikhathi.
- Sitshele ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo:Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, njenge -aspirin, i-clopidogrel (Plavix), i-warfarin (Coumadin), noma i-apixaban (Eliquis) . Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha le mithi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi.
- Buza imibuzo: Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngalokhu.
- Ukuyeka ukudla nokuphuza: Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele uyeke ukudla nokuphuza amahora amangaki ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy. Landela leso sikhathi ngqo.
- Umuntu ozokushayela imoto uye ekhaya: Njengoba ungeke ukwazi ukushayela imoto yakho ngemva kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy, letha umuntu ozokushayela imoto uye ekhaya.
Kwenzekani ngosuku lokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy?
Le nqubo ivame ukuhamba kanje.
Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy
Udokotela uzophinde akuchazele yonke inqubo, akutshele ngezinkinga ezingaba khona, bese ethola imvume yakho. Uma kudingeka, bazokunikeza umuthi wokudambisa ukuze bakusize uphumule. Bangase futhi benze i-ultrasound ukuthola indawo efanele yokufaka inalithi.
Uma kwenziwa i-biopsy
Uzonikezwa ingubo yesibhedlela bese ucelwa ukuba ulale embhedeni. Ngokuvamile, uzocelwa ukuba ulale phansi ingalo yakho yesokudla ingaphansi kwekhanda lakho kanye nengalo yakho yesokudla ivulekile. Kubalulekile ukuhlala uthule ngangokunokwenzeka phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Udokotela uzohlanza indawo, anikeze umuthi oqeda izinhlungu, enze i-incision encane, afake inaliti ye-biopsy, bese kuthi phakathi nemizuzwana embalwa, asuse ingcezu yezicubu. Yonke inqubo ithatha cishe imizuzu eyi-15-30.
Ngemva kwe-biopsy
Uzogcinwa egumbini lokululama cishe amahora angu-2-4 ukuze uhlole ukuthi umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kujwayelekile yini.
- Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane endaweni yokujova, kanye nobuhlungu obuthile ehlombe noma emhlane. Ama-painkiller azonikezwa uma kudingeka.
- Gwema ukuphakamisa izinsimbi noma ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okunzima isonto lonke ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwe-biopsy.
- Ungathathi imithi yokunciphisa igazi njenge-aspirin ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Ungathatha i-paracetamol (i-acetaminophen) uma kudingeka.
- Udokotela uzokuchazela lokho uma ethola umbiko wakho wokuhlolwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Ingabe kukhona izingozi kulokhu?
Esikhathini esiningi, azikho izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, kuhle ukuqaphela izinto ezingavamile kakhulu ezingase zenzeke.
- Ukopha: Kungenzeka ukuthi wopha ngaphakathi. Uzoqashwa esibhedlela ukuze kuhlolwe lokhu.
- Ukuvuza kwenyongo: Inyongo ingavuza esibindini noma enyongweni.
- Izinkinga ezihlobene namaphaphu:Akuvamile kakhulu, inaliti ye-biopsy ingashaya i-pleura, ilimaze amaphaphu (i-pneumothorax).
Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye ku-ETU.
Uma kuvela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo zingakapheli amahora angu-72 kusukela kuhlolwe i-biopsy, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha, noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda
- Isiyezi
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukuqunjelwa noma ukugcwala kwesisu
- Ubuhlungu besisu obandayo
- Ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu endaweni yokubhoboza
Uma uzwa ubuhlungu esifubeni noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, shayela u-1990 ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Liver Biopsy iyisivivinyo esiphephile kakhulu futhi esivame ukwenziwa esihlola ngokunembile impilo yesibindi sakho.
- Ngenxa yokuthi isikhumba siba ndikindiki uma wenza lokhu, asizwakali sibuhlungu njengoba ungase ucabange. Uzizwa nje umuzwa omncane wokucasuka.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze uphephe ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlolwa.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu ezingavamile (umkhuhlane, ubuhlungu obukhulu, ubunzima bokuphefumula) ngemva kokuhlolwa, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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