Sinesithakazelo esikhulu kukho konke mayelana nosana lwethu olusanda kuzalwa, akunjalo? Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngabe umntwana uncelisa kahle, ulele kahle, futhi ukhipha indle ngesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane yakho ibonakala inenkinga yokukhipha indle, noma uma ingaphumi izinsuku ezimbalwa, kuyinto evamile ngawe njengomama ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi isizathu salokhu kungaba yiphutha elise-anus nase-rectum elikhona lapho kuzalwa. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo `(Anorectal Malformation)`.
Iyini le nkinga yokuzalwa ye-anus kanye ne-rectum (i-Anorectal Malformation)?
Kalula nje, ``(Anorectal Malformation)`` yilapho i-anus kanye ne-rectum yengane kungakheki kahle ngesikhathi ikhula esibelethweni. Ubuwazi ukuthi i-anus kanye ne-rectum kuyizingxenye ezimbili zokugcina zesimiso sethu sokugaya ukudla?
Cabanga ngalokhu: Ezinye izingane ezinalesi simo zingase zibe ne-anus encane kakhulu, noma zingase zingabi nayo nhlobo i-anus. Ezinye zingase zibe nezicubu ezimboze i-anus noma i-rectum. Futhi, ngezinye izikhathi i-anus yomntwana ingase ixhunywe ngendlela engafanele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
Kuyaqondakala ukuzizwa ukwesaba okukhulu nokukhathazeka lapho uthola ukuthi ingane yakho inalesi simo. Ngoba, uma ingelashwa kahle, ingane ingaba nokuvaleka kwamathumbu. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu, noma kungenzeki nhlobo. Kodwa ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi iningi lalezi zimo lingelashwa ngokuhlinzwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane, ngokuvamile zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa, futhi imiphumela ivame ukuba mihle.
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi "i-Anus" kanye "ne-Rectum"?
Igama elithi "anorectal" liyinhlanganisela yamagama athi "anus" kanye nelithi "rectum. " I-rectum yakho yingxenye yokugcina yamathumbu akho amakhulu, etholakala ngaphezu kwe-anus yakho. I-anus yakho iyindawo lapho indle iphuma khona emzimbeni wakho.
Uma sikhipha indle, indle iphuma emzimbeni nge-anus. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona inkinga ngale anus noma i-rectum, ingabangela izinkinga nge-effectiveness.
Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?
Lezi zimo, ezibizwa ngokuthi "i-Anorectal Malformations", empeleni azivamile kakhulu. Ngisho nasezweni elifana neMelika, cishe ingane eyodwa kwezingu-5,000 ezizalwayo inalesi simo.
Yiziphi izimpawu zokukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwe-anus kanye ne-rectum?
Udokotela uvame ukubona lesi simo lapho ehlola umntwana osanda kuzalwa. Udokotela angase aqaphele ukuthi indunu incane, noma ukuthi indunu ayikho endaweni yayo. Noma imbobo yendunu yomntwana isendaweni engavamile esikhundleni salapho kufanele ibe khona.
Uma lesi simo singabonwa kusenesikhathi, umntwana angabonisa izimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Ukungakwazi ukukhipha indle (ukuqunjelwa).
- Indle evuzayo esithweni sangasese somntwana noma indle ebonakalayo emchameni (kwamantombazane).
- Umchamo ophuma endunu yomntwana.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-Anorectal Malformations?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zalesi simo. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini:
- I-Cloaca: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kokubili i-urethra kanye ne-anus kunesikhala esifanayo. (Lesi simo senzeka emantombazaneni kuphela)
- I-Fistula: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho indunu yomntwana ixhumene ngendlela engajwayelekile nezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakhe, njenge-urethra, isinye, isitho sangasese sowesifazane, noma i-perineum (isikhumba esiphakathi kwendunu nezitho zangasese).
- Indunu engasebenzi kahle: Lesi yisimo lapho i-rectum ne-anus kungaxhumene khona. Okusho ukuthi, akukho sikhala sendunu.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka ezinganeni ezincane?
Ochwepheshe abakakazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela ukukhubazeka kwe-anorectal, kodwa abanye bakholelwa ukuthi izinguquko ezithile zofuzo ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa zingase zibe nomthelela kulesi simo.
Ingabe izingane ezinalezi "zinkinga ze-Anorectal Malformations" zingaba nezinye izinkinga zempilo?
Ngezinye izikhathi, yebo. Izingane ezinalezi "ziphazamiso ze-Anorectal" zingase zibe nezinye izinkinga zempilo. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:
- Isimo se-Down syndrome.
- Ezinye izifo zesimiso sokugaya ukudla (izifo zesisu (GI).
- Izifo ezithile zomgogodla.
- I-Townes-Brocks syndrome: Lesi yisimo sofuzo. Kulesi simo, i-anus ingase ingabi khona noma ivaleke ngokuphelele (imperforate). Izandla nezindlebe nazo zingase zibe nesimo esingajwayelekile.
- Izinkinga zomgudu womchamo.
- I-VATER syndrome (i-VACTERL association): Lesi yisimo esithinta izinhlelo eziningana emzimbeni. Isibonelo, umgogodla, inhliziyo, uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, izinso, kanye nemilenze kungathinteka.
Lesi simo sihlolwa kanjani ngokunembile?
Odokotela bavame ukuxilonga lesi simo ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izivivinyo zesithombe zingasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa nokubheka isimo. Ezinye zalezi zivivinyo zifaka:
- I-Barium enema: Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhilela ukufaka uketshezi e-rectum ukuze kumbozwe ingaphakathi lomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Lokhu kuvumela izitho zomzimba ukuthi zibonakale kahle ku-X-ray.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Barium swallow / Esophagram: Kulokhu kuhlolwa, kugwinywa uketshezi bese izingxenye ezingenhla zesistimu yokugaya ukudla zibukwa ngokucacile nge-X-ray.
- Ukuskena kwe-CT:Amakhompyutha kanye ne-X-ray kusetshenziselwa ukuthatha izithombe zengaphakathi lomzimba.
- Ama-MRI: Sebenzisa omaginethi namagagasi omsakazo ukuze ubheke ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
- Ama-ultrasound: Sebenzisa amaza omsindo avame kakhulu ukubheka izitho zangaphakathi.
- Ama-X-ray: Sebenzisa umthamo ophansi wemisebe ukuthatha izithombe zengaphakathi lomzimba.
Ziphathwa kanjani lezi `(Anorectal Malformations)`?
Odokotela bavame ukwelapha lesi simo ngokuhlinzwa . Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlinzwa okukodwa kungavula indlela encane noma kususe ulwelwesi olumboze indunu yomntwana. Bangenza nokuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-anoplasty, okwakha kabusha indunu yomntwana.
Ake ucabange nje, uma ingane inesimo "se-imperforate anus", odokotela abahlinzayo benza ukuhlinzwa okuningana ngezigaba ukuze baxhumanise i-anus ne-rectum. Lokhu kuhlinzwa yilokhu:
1. I-Colostomy: Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo uhlukanisa amathumbu amakhulu abe izingxenye ezimbili bese ekhipha iziphetho ngezimbobo ezimbili esiswini. Umntwana kufanele agqoke izikhwama zokuqoqa eziqoqa indle ngaphandle komzimba. Indle kanye ne-mucus (uketshezi olufana ne-mucus) kudlula kulezi zikhwama.
2. Ukulungiswa kwe-Anorectum: Ngokuvamile, lapho umntwana enezinyanga ezimbalwa ubudala, odokotela abahlinzayo baxhuma i-anus ne-rectum. Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, indle iyaqhubeka nokuphuma ngesikhwama se-colostomy kuze kube yilapho umntwana ephola.
3. Ukuvalwa kwe-colostomy: Ezinyangeni ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwesibili, kwenziwa olunye ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isikhwama se-colostomy. Ngemva kwalokho, ingane izoqala ukuzikhulula nge-anus zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ungase uzizwe wesaba uma uzwa ngalezi zihlinzeko. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthuthukisa ikusasa lengane. Odokotela bazochaza konke kuwe.
Yiziphi izinkinga noma imiphumela emibi engaba khona ngemva kwalokhu kwelashwa?
Izingane eziye zahlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe ukukhubazeka kwe-anorectal zingase zibe nesikhathi esinzima sokuqeqeshwa endlini yangasese kunezinye izingane. Zingase zibe nobunzima bokulawula ukuhamba kwazo kwamathumbu noma zingase zibe nokuqunjelwa okungapheli. Kubikwa nokuthi abantu abaye bahlinzwa bengabantwana ngezinye izikhathi babhekana nokungasebenzi kahle kocansi lapho sebekhulile.
Ingabe lokhu `(Ukukhubazeka kwe-Anorectal)` kungavinjelwa?
Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ingane ukuthi izalwe inale `(i-Anorectal Malformation)`. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokuyelapha, ungasiza ingane yakho ukuba iphile impilo enhle.
Uma ubona ukuthi ingane yakho ibhekene nezinkinga ngemva kokwelashwa – njengokuqunjelwa – myise kudokotela ngokushesha. Udokotela wengane yakho angase akunike imithi yokuhlanza isisu, ukushintsha ukudla, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukuze kuncishiswe izimpawu. Angase futhi akuncome uhlelo lokulawula amathumbu uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokulawula ukunyakaza kwayo kwamathumbu.
Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?
Ukukhubazeka kwe-anorectal kuvame kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazane.
Futhi, abazali asebevele benengane eyodwa ene-Anorectal Malformation banamathuba amaningi okuba nenye ingane enalesi simo. Uma usuvele unengane enalesi simo, ingane yakho elandelayo inethuba elilodwa kwayi-100 lokuba ne-Anorectal Malformation.
Iyini ikusasa lalesi simo?
Iningi lezingane ezizalwa zine-Anorectal Malformation zelashwa ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila. Iningi lezingane liyalulama kahle ngemva kokuhlinzwa futhi alinazo izinkinga.
Ezinye izingane zingase ziqhubeke nokuqunjelwa noma ubunzima bokulawula ukuhamba kwazo kwamathumbu ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukwelashwa okuthile - njengohlelo "lokuphatha amathumbu" okukhulunywe ngalo ngaphambilini - kungaba usizo.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela wengane yakho?
Uma ingane yakho inezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha:
- Uma ungangcolisi nhlobo.
- Uma une-constipation.
- Uma indle iphuma esithweni sangasese sowesifazane (kwamantombazane).
- Uma kukhona iminonjana ebonakalayo yendle emchameni.
- Uma umchamo uvuza endunu.
Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wengane yakho?
Uma ingane yakho ine-Anorectal Malformation, noma ucabanga ukuthi ingaba nayo, ungabuza udokotela wengane yakho le mibuzo:
- Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuze kutholakale i-Anorectal Malformation?
- Ingabe ingane yami idinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze yelaphe lokhu?
- Yiziphi izimpawu zezinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
- Ngingamsiza kanjani umntwana wami ukuthi avimbele ukuqunjelwa?
- Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ingane yami idinga "uhlelo lokulawula isisu"?
Okokugcina, izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)
Ukukhubazeka kwe-anorectal yisimo lapho i-anus noma i-rectum yengane ingakhuli kahle lapho izalwa. Kungaba umcabango owesabekayo ukwazi ukuthi ingane yakho inesifo sokuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kungalungisa inkinga zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa izelwe. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa ingane yakho oludingayo luzoncika ohlotsheni lwesici nokuthi singakanani. Iningi lezingane liyalulama kahle ngemva kokwelashwa.Ngakho ungesabi, landela iseluleko sikadokotela, futhi konke kuzolunga!
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Ingabe i-Encopresis yisifo esibangela ukuba izingane zimanzise umbhede?
Cha! Ukuchama embhedeni kubizwa ngokuthi i-enuresis. Kodwa lesi yisimo esihlukile nesihlazisayo. 'I-Encopresis' yilapho ingane engaphezu kweminyaka engu-4 (ekhulile ngokwanele ukulawula ukuhamba kwayo kwesisu) ngokungazi (ngokungazi) ifaka 'indle' ezingutsheni zayo zangaphansi (ukungcola kwendle).
💬 Kungani ingane ikhipha indle ngezingubo zayo zangaphansi ngaphandle kokugula?
Ama-90% alokhu abangelwa ukuqunjelwa okungapheli enganeni. Uma ingane ibambe indle, kungaba ngoba yesaba ukuya endlini yangasese noma ngoba iyivila, indle inamathela e-rectum njengetshe elikhulu (ukuthinta indle). Ngemuva kwalokho, indle esanda kwakheka ingena izungeze itshe bese ingena ngasese ezingutsheni zangaphansi zengane.
💬 Ungayivimba yini ingane ukuthi ingene emanzini ngezingubo zayo zangaphansi ngokuyishaya?
Lutho neze! Ukujezisa noma ukuthukuthela ingane ngalokhu kuzokwenza ingane yesabe kakhulu (ukucindezeleka kwengqondo) futhi lokhu kuzokwanda. Ngenxa yalokhu, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha bese ususa indle enamathele njengamatshe ngemithi yokuhlanza/i-enema. Ngemva kwalokho, kufanele uyinike amanzi amaningi ukuze iphuze futhi uzijwayeze inqubo yokuqeqesha indlu yangasese.
Ukukhubazeka Kwe - Anorectal, Amaphutha E-Anorectal, Amaphutha E-Anorectal, Amaphutha Okuzalwa, Izinsana Ezisanda Kuzalwa, Ubunzima Bokukhipha Indle, I-Colostomy, Ukuhlinzwa
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