Uyazazi yini izinkinga zobuntu ezibangelwa ukungaxhumani nabantu (ASPD)? Ake sixoxe!

Wake wababona noma wezwa ngabantu abakhohlisa abanye, abaxhaphaza abanye, abangawunaki umthetho, futhi abangazisoli ngezenzo zabo? Mhlawumbe kukhona isimo sengqondo ngemuva kwalezi zinto. Leso yisimo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla , i-Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) . Nakuba lesi kuyisihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi, ake sixoxe ngaso kalula nangendlela enesizotha, ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela.

Kuyini ukuphazamiseka kobuntu okungebona abantu (i-ASPD)?

Kalula nje, i-ASPD yisimo sempilo yengqondo esithinta indlela umuntu acabanga futhi axhumana ngayo nabanye. Umuntu onalesi simo angase:

• Bayabakhohlisa abanye noma babaqambele amanga.
• Basebenzisa noma baxhaphaza abanye ukuze bazuze bona .
• Abahloniphi umthetho noma amalungelo abanye abantu.
• Abazizwa bezisola noma benecala ngalokho abakwenzayo.

Abantu abane-ASPD bavame ukubhekwa njengabangahloniphi, abaphula umthetho, abangaqapheli imiphumela yezenzo zabo, futhi abangafuni ukuthatha umthwalo wemfanelo. Lokhu kungaba yisimo esiyingozi, njengoba laba bantu kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi bazilimaze bona kanye nabanye, ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo.

I-ASPD ingenye nje yezinkinga eziningi zobuntu . Izinkinga zobuntu yizimo ezithinta indlela ocabanga futhi oziphatha ngayo.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kuka-1% no-4% wabantu abadala e-United States bahlushwa yilesi simo (ASPD). Izimo ezifanayo ziyabonakala naseSri Lanka, kodwa izibalo eziqondile kunzima ukuzithola.

Ziyini izimpawu zomuntu one-`(ASPD)`?

Umuntu one-`(ASPD)` angabonisa izimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhlasela abanye ngokomzimba, ukuba nolaka, ukuziphatha ngobudlova . Cabanga nje, ngokuzumayo uthukuthela bese uqala ukulwa cishe nganoma yini.
• Benza izinto ngaphandle kokucabanga nganoma yini, benza izinqumo ngokuphamazela , njengokungathi abanandaba nekusasa.
• Baphula imithetho, abanandaba nezindinganiso zomphakathi . Bayalingeka ukuba benze okuphambene nemithetho kusukela besebancane.
• Bayathukuthela futhi bacabange ukuthi banamandla futhi baphakeme kunabanye .
• Basebenzisa ubuqili babo, ukukhuluma, kanye nokuthopha ukuze bakhohlise abanye , futhi baqamba amanga ukuze bazuze noma bajabulele bona.
• Abazithwali umthwalo wemfanelo ngezenzo zabo. Bahlala besola abanye.
• Ababonisi ukuzisola, ukudabuka, noma ukukhathazeka ngokuziphatha kwabo. Baziphatha sengathi akwenzekanga lutho.

Lezi zimpawu azibonakali ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke umuntu. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezithile kalula.

Okubalulekile:Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enemicabango yokuzilimaza yena noma abanye, sicela ufune usizo. Bona udokotela. ESri Lanka, ungathola usizo enhlanganweni efana neSumithrayo (0112692909). Esimweni esiphuthumayo, shayela isevisi ye-ambulensi ka-1990.

Lesi simo `(ASPD)` siqala nini eminyakeni yobudala?

I-ASPD ivame ukuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-15. Iqala ukutholakala njenge -Conduct Disorder . Izingane ezine-Conduct Disorder ziziphatha ngobudlova futhi zingalaleli ngezindlela ezingalimaza abanye. Zingase ziqambe amanga, zebe, zephule imithetho, futhi zixhaphaze ezinye izingane.

Cabanga nje, ngesikhathi ingane yakho isencane, noma ingane oyaziyo, wake wayibona ihlukumeza abanye abantwana njalo, iqamba amanga, yeba, noma iziphatha ngendlela engayinaki imithetho? Ngezinye izikhathi lolu hlobo lokuziphatha luyizimpawu "zokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha ." Ikakhulukazi, ukuba nomlilo ebuntwaneni nokuhlukumeza izilwane kuyizinto ezimbili eziyingozi ezibangela lesi simo "se-ASPD".

Ngezinye izikhathi abazali nodokotela bangase bangaziboni izimpawu "zokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha" ngoba lezi zimpawu zingadidaniswa nezinye izimo. Isibonelo:

• Isifo sokungakwazi ukunaka/sokungasebenzi kahle (ADHD)
• Ukucindezeleka
• Isifo sokungavumelani nokuphikisa (ODD)

Uma "Ukuphazamiseka Kokuziphatha" kutholakala kusenesikhathi futhi ukwelashwa kuqala esemncane, lokhu kuziphatha kungase kungapheli kuze kube yilapho umuntu esemdala. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kuziphatha kuqhubeka, kutholakala ukuthi "yi-"(ASPD)" ngemva kweminyaka engu-18 .

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izimpawu ze-ASPD zimbi kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka engu-20 no-40, futhi zivame ukwehla kancane ngemva kweminyaka engu-40 .

Yiziphi izimbangela zalesi simo `(ASPD)`?

Odokotela abazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-ASPD, kodwa ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ingabangelwa yizinto ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ekuzalweni kwakho kuya ekukhulisweni kwakho kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwakho.

Esinye isici esiyinhloko i -brain biology . Kungenzeka ukuthi amazinga e -serotonin ebuchosheni bakho awavamile. I-Serotonin iyikhemikhali elawula isimo sakho sengqondo nemizwa, njengenjabulo. Lezi zinguquko emazingeni e-serotonin zingaholela ekuziphatheni kwe-ASPD.

Ingabe `(ASPD)` yinto evela ezizakhini zofuzo?

Yebo, ukwakheka kwezakhi zofuzo zakho.Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-ASPD. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka, kodwa izakhi zofuzo ezibangela lesi simo azikatholakali okwamanje. Izifundo zithole ukuthi uma isihlobo sakho segazi sine-ASPD, usengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi ze-`(ASPD)`?

I-ASPD ingathinta noma ubani. Kodwa ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ukuxilongwa nge-Conduct Disorder ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka engu-15.
• Uyindoda (lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesilisa).
• Ukuhlukunyezwa noma ukuhlukumezeka ngesikhathi sobuntwana .
• Ukuba nesifo sokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (i-SUD) noma ukuba nelungu lomndeni elinalesi simo.
• Ukuba nomlando wezinkinga zempilo yengqondo phakathi kwezihlobo zakho zegazi .
• Izinga lemfundo eliphansi uma liqhathaniswa nezinye.
• Ukuba sejele .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-ASPD?

I-ASPD iyisimo esiyingozi, ngezinye izikhathi esisongela ukuphila kumuntu othintekile kanye nalabo abaseduze naye. Kungabangela izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlukumeza noma unya.
• Ukunganaki, ukunganakwa.
• Ukuzibulala .
• Inkinga Yokusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa .
• Inkinga Yokusebenzisa Utshwala .
• Ukuboshwa nokuboshwa.
• Ezinye izinkinga zempilo.
• Ezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo (isb., ukucindezeleka , ukukhathazeka) .
• Ukungakwazi ukufeza imithwalo yemfanelo yomuntu siqu, yezenhlalo, yomsebenzi, noma yezemfundo.

Ungayibona kanjani i-`(ASPD)`?

Uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo, njengodokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo , uxilonga i-ASPD. Benza ukuhlolwa kwengqondo . Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola imicabango nokuziphatha komuntu ukuze babone ukuthi unezimpawu ze-ASPD. Odokotela basebenzisa i-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses, uhlelo lwesi-5, i-Text Revision (DSM-5-TR) njengesiqondiso.

Iningi labantu abane-ASPD abazifuneli ukuxilongwa ngokwabo. Ngokuvamile bafuna ukuhlolwa kwengqondo kuphela ngemva komyalelo wenkantolo.

Ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwe-`(ASPD)`?

Cha, akukho ukuhlolwa kokuzihlola, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, noma ukuskena okungaxilonga i-ASPD. Kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma ukhathazekile nganoma yiziphi izimpawu noma ukuziphatha kwakho. Ungabonana nodokotela oyinhloko kuqala (PCP). Uzothatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha, enze ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, bese ehlola izimpawu zakho. Bangase bakuthumele kudokotela wezifo zengqondo noma wengqondo ukuze axilongwe nge-ASPD.

Ezinye izimo ezingadidaniswa ne-`(ASPD)` (Differential Diagnosis)

Ezinye izimo zempilo zingaba nezimpawu ezifana neze-ASPD, ngakho udokotela wakho uzocabangela okulandelayo ngaphambi kokuthola ukuthi une-HIV:

• Isifo Sobuntu Esibangelwa Yimingcele (BPD) : Imizwa engazinzile kanye nokuziphatha okukhohlisayo.
• Isifo Sobuntu Esibangelwa Ukuzikhukhumeza (i-NPD) : Ukuzethemba okukhulu ngokweqile.
• Inkinga Yokusebenzisa Izidakamizwa : Ukulutheka kwezidakamizwa noma utshwala.

Iphathwa kanjani i-ASPD?

Odokotela bangase batuse izindlela zokwelapha ezilandelayo ze-ASPD:

• Imithi: Imithi ingasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu ezifana nolaka kanye nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo.
• Ukwelapha Ngengqondo: Ukwelapha Ngokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT) uhlobo lokwelulekwa olugxile ekushintsheni imicabango nokuziphatha kwakho. Lokhu kwelapha kukusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi ukuziphatha kwakho kubathinta kanjani abanye. Ungazuza ekwelashweni komuntu ngamunye, ekwelashweni kweqembu, noma ekwelashweni komndeni.

Udokotela angase futhi ancome inhlanganisela yemithi kanye nokwelashwa kwengqondo. Futhi, uma kunezinye izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo, njengokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, nazo zizokwelashwa.

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ukwelapha i-ASPD kungaba nzima kancane. Ngoba umuntu onalesi simo angase angakwazi ukwamukela ukuthi ukuziphatha kwakhe nemicabango yakhe kuyingozi. Kuvamile ukuthukuthela nokumelana lapho othile ezokusiza. Kodwa into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqonde ukuthi uma usukulungele ukwamukela, uthola ukwelashwa. Akulula, kodwa ngokwelashwa ungazivikela wena nalabo abakuzungezile.

Yimiphi imithi enikezwayo ye-`(ASPD)`?

Ayikho imithi ethile evunyelwe i-ASPD. Kodwa-ke, imithi ingasiza ekulawuleni ulaka, ukucindezeleka, noma ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo. Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana nalokhu:

• Ama-antidepressants: Lawa angalawula amazinga e-serotonin ebuchosheni. Izibonelo: I-Sertraline, i-Fluoxetine .
• Ama-antipsychotics: Angalawula ukuziphatha kobudlova noma ulaka. Izibonelo: I-Risperidone, i-Quetiapine .
• Izinzinzisi Zemizwelo:Isiza ukulawula izinguquko ezinkulu zemizwa noma ukuziphatha. Izibonelo: `(Lithium)`, `(Carbamazepine)` .

Iyini inhloso ye-`(ASPD)`?

I-ASPD iyisimo esihlala isikhathi eside . Izimpawu zivame ukuba zimbi kakhulu lapho zineminyaka engu-20, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziyathuthuka kancane lapho zineminyaka engu-40. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka ukuze kuqondwe ukuthi kungani izimpawu zishintsha ngokuguga.

Uma uthola ukwelashwa, umbono wakho ungathuthuka. Kodwa ukuze ugweme izinkinga, udinga ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa impilo yakho yonke. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukwelapha i-ASPD akulula. Kudinga amandla amaningi nomzamo ukwenza izinguquko zomuntu siqu. Uma uyeka ukwelashwa, izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu , okwandisa ingozi yokuzilimaza wena nalabo abakuzungezile.

Ingabe i-ASPD ingalapheka ngokuphelele?

Cha, alikho ikhambi le-ASPD. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singaphathwa ngokwelashwa impilo yonke. Ukwelashwa okufanele kungakusiza ukuthi ushintshe ukuziphatha kwakho futhi kunciphise umonakalo owubangela kulabo abakuzungezile. Ukugcina ubudlelwano obunempilo nokuba nomphakathi osekelayo kuyizinto ezimbili ezibalulekile ekuphatheni i-ASPD isikhathi eside.

Ingabe i-ASPD ingavinjelwa?

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela i-ASPD. Kodwa-ke, uma lesi simo sitholakala futhi selashwa esemncane, ingozi yokuthola i-ASPD ebudaleni ingancishiswa.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma wena noma othile omaziyo enanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha :

• Ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwemizwa .
• Imicabango noma izenzo zokuzilimaza .
• Imicabango yokuzibulala .
• Ukuziphatha okunobudlova .

ESri Lanka, ukuze uthole usizo oluphuthumayo lwezempilo yengqondo, ungashayela i-National Mental Health Helpline 1926. Futhi, i-Sumitrayo (0112692909 / 0112682535) inikeza usizo oluyimfihlo. Esimweni esiphuthumayo, shayela isevisi ye-ambulensi ku-1990 noma inombolo ephuthumayo yamaphoyisa ku-119.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho?

Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa olunconywayo?
• Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?
• Ingabe kudingeka ngiqhubeke nokwelashwa yize ngizizwa ngingcono?
• Hlobo luni lwezokwelapha kwengqondo oluncomayo?
• Kudingeka ngibe khona isikhathi esingakanani ku-psychotherapy?

Ekugcineni, khumbula...

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-ASPD iyisifo sobuntu esibenza bangathandi ukuba phakathi kwabanye abantu futhi bakhethe ukuba bodwa. Kodwa empeleni i-ASPD iyisimo esibucayi sempilo yengqondo.Abantu abanalesi simo bangase benze ngaphandle kokucabanga ngemiphumela yokuziphatha kwabo noma ukuthi kubathinta kanjani abanye. Ngokuvamile, ngenxa yokuziphatha okungekho emthethweni, ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kuyalelwa yinkantolo. Lokhu kungasindisa impilo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi ukwelashwa akusona isijeziso. Ngokunakekelwa nokusekelwa yilabo abakuzungezile, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingakusiza uzizwe ungcono. Ngakho ungesabi ukucela usizo.

Isifo sobuntu esingenandaba nomphakathi, i - ASPD, impilo yengqondo, izinkinga zokuziphatha, izinkinga zobuntu, izinkinga zokuziphatha, ukwelashwa