Ingabe i-aorta yakho ivuvukele? Ake sixoxe nge-aortitis!

Wake wacabanga ukuthi ngisho nomthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wethu ungaba nezinkinga? Ngezinye izikhathi, ubuhlungu esibuzwayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, noma ukungakhululeki esikuzwayo emzimbeni wethu, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lwento efana nale. Namuhla sizokhuluma nge-aortitis, isimo esingase senzeke ku-aorta, umthambo wegazi oyinhloko emzimbeni wethu.

Kuyini i-aortitis? Masiyiqonde kalula.

Kalula nje, i-aortitis ukuvuvukala kwe-aorta yakho . Manje cabanga ngokuthi iyini le-aorta. Ingumthambo omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wethu. Ifana nombhobho wamanzi oyinhloko ohlinzeka ngamanzi endlini yethu. Yile-aorta ehluma futhi ihlinzeke ngegazi elihlanzekile nelicebile ngomoya-mpilo kuzo zonke izitho nezicubu zomzimba wethu. Ngakho-ke, njengoba le-aorta nayo ingumkhumbi wegazi, singabona lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-aortitis njengesinye sezici ze-vasculitis , noma ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi.

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-aortitis ingakhawulelwa ku-aorta. Noma, ingenzeka kanye nokuvuvukala kweminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni (okubizwa ngokuthi i-systemic vasculitis). Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-systemic vasculitis. Odokotela baxilonga lokhu ngokusekelwe emithonjeni yegazi ethintekile kanye nezinye izimpawu abanazo.

I-Aortitis ingabangela ukuthi i-aorta yakho ivuleke. Siyibiza ngokuthi i-aortic aneurysm . Noma, i-aorta ingancipha. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-aortic stenosis . Zombili lezi zimo zingaba yingozi empilweni . Ngoba i-aorta iwumthambo oyinhloko othwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Uma kunenkinga ngayo, ithinta wonke umzimba.

Izimpawu ozizwayo, ukuthi uxilongwa kanjani, kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ozitholayo kuncike ezintweni eziningana:

• Yisiphi ingxenye ye-aorta yakho ethinteka yilesi simo .
• Ingabe kukhona ukuvuvukala kweminye imithambo yegazi?
• Ukuthi udokotela uyihlolile yini imbangela eyisisekelo noma isifo esihlobene nayo.

Ingabe i-Aortitis iyisifo sokuzimela?

Yebo, odokotela abaningi babheka i-vasculitis (ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi) njengesifo sokuzivikela komzimba . Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho ehlasela izicubu zawo, okubangela ukuvuvukala. Kufana nokushisa indlu yakho ngomlilo.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-aortitis?

Ukuthi i-aortitis ivame kangakanani kuncike esimweni noma imbangela eyisisekelo. Okusho ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ihlotshaniswa nesinye isifo noma cha. Ngokuvamile, i-aortitis akuyona inkinga evamile kakhulu .

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Aortitis?

Izimpawu ze-aortitis zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kuya ngokuthi ibangelwa yini yisimo esiyisisekelo esibizwa ngokuthi i-vasculitis noma esinye isifo sokuvuvukala noma esithathelwanayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, abantu abane-aortitis bangase bangabi nazimpawu nhlobo . Yilokho okwenza kube yinto eyesabekayo kancane.

Nokho, nazi ezinye izimpawu ezivamile:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba: Cabanga ngobuhlungu obungazelelwe, obucindezelayo noma obuhlabayo esifubeni sakho.
• Ubuhlungu besisu (ubuhlungu besisu): Ubuhlungu bungase buvele esiswini esingezansi, esifubeni, noma kuso sonke isisu.
• Ubuhlungu emhlane: Ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi emhlane ongaphezulu.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu : Hhayi njengekhanda elibuhlungu elivamile, kodwa ikhanda elibuhlungu elibi kancane, elihlala njalo.
• Ukushintsha kombono: Ukubona okufiphele noma ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo.
• Umkhuhlane: Umzimba uyashisa futhi ushise ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya: Kuzwakala sengathi unenkinga yokuphefumula ngisho noma uzikhandla kancane.
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze: Amaqakala emilenze yomibili ayavuvukala.
• Ubuhlungu ezithweni (uma usebenzisa): Ubuhlungu buvela lapho ushukumisa ingalo noma umlenze noma wenza umsebenzi.
• Izimpawu ezihlobene nokuvuvukala: izinto ezifana nokukhathala, ukwehla kwesisindo, kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla.
• Izimpawu ezihlobene ne-vasculitis ezithinta eminye imithambo yegazi.
• Izimpawu ezihlobene nesifo esiyisisekelo (uma zikhona).

Yimiphi eminye imiphumela engaba nayo i-aortitis emzimbeni wami?

Ngaphezu kwezimpawu, abantu abane-aortitis bangaba nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zimbi kakhulu :

• Ukwehluleka kwezinso: Lokhu kungenzeka uma imithambo ehambisa igazi ezinso ithinteka.
• Isifo sohlangothi: Uma kunenkinga ngemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni.
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Uma kunenkinga ngemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Inhliziyo ayikwazi ukusebenza kahle.
• Ukuqhekeka noma ukudabuka kwe-aorta: Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu. Uma i-aorta igqashuka, kunzima ukusindisa impilo yakho.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Aortitis?

Kunezimbangela eziningana eziyinhloko ze-aortitis. Kungaba yingxenye yesimo esingaphansi esibizwa ngokuthi i-systemic vasculitis (ukuvuvukala okuthinta imithambo yegazi kuwo wonke umzimba). Noma kungase kuhlobane nesinye isifo sokuvuvukala. Kulezi zimo, imbangela eqondile yesifo esingaphansi kanye ne-aortitis ehambisana nayo ayaziwa okwamanje . Futhi, ezinye izifoI-Aortitis nayo ingavela.

Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-aorta, i-aortitis ingatholakala kungazelelwe. Ngale ndlela, i-aortitis ekhawulelwe ku-aorta, ngaphandle kwesinye isifo esiyisisekelo noma ukuvuvukala kweminye imithambo yegazi, ibizwa ngokuthi "i-isolated focal aortitis."

I-vasculitis yesistimu nezinye izifo zokuvuvukala

Ezinye zezifo ezingabangela i-aortitis yilezi:

• I-giant cell arteritis: Lesi yisimo esivame ukuthinta imithambo yekhanda nentamo, ngokuvamile kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50.
• I-Takayasu arteritis: Lesi yisifo esivame ukuhlasela abesifazane abasebasha futhi sithinta i-aorta namagatsha ayo amakhulu.
• I-Cogan syndrome: Isifo esingavamile esithinta amehlo nezindlebe futhi esingabangela i-aortitis.
• Isifo sikaBehçet: Isifo esibangela izilonda emlonyeni nasezindaweni zangasese, izinkinga zesikhumba, kanye nokuvuvukala kwamehlo.
• Isifo se-Kawasaki: Lesi yisifo esithinta kakhulu izingane ezincane . Sibangela ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi.
• I-Polyarteritis nodosa: Isifo esithinta imithambo yegazi ephakathi nendawo.
• Ezinye izinhlobo ze-'systemic vasculitis'.
• I-Ankylosing spondylitis: Isifo esibangela ukuvuvukala kwamalunga omgogodla.
• I-rheumatoid arthritis: Isifo esaziwayo esibangela ukuvuvukala kwamalunga.
• I-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Isifo sokuzivikela komzimba esithinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba.
• I-polychondritis ephindaphindayo: Isifo esithinta izicubu ze-cartilage.
• I-Sarcoidosis: Isifo esibangela amaqhubu amancane okuvuvukala (ama-granuloma) ezithweni ezahlukene zomzimba.
• Isifo esihlobene ne-Immunoglobulin 4 (IgG4): Isimo esinama-fibrous kanye nokuvuvukala esithinta izitho ezahlukene zomzimba.
• Izifo zamathumbu ezivuvukalayo: njengesifo sikaCrohn kanye ne-ulcerative colitis.

Izifo

Ezinye izifo ezinzima nazo zingabangela i-aortitis. Ezinye izibonelo zifaka:

• I-Salmonella: Ibhaktheriya ebangela ubuthi ekudleni.
• I-Syphilis: Isifo esithathelwana ngocansi.
• I-Staphylococcus: Ibhaktheriya ebangela izifo zesikhumba kanye nezinye izifo ezinkulu.
• Umkhuhlane onamabala eRocky Mountain: Isifo esithwalwa yizimpukane.
• Ukutheleleka kwe-Gonococcal: I-Gonorrhea.
• Isifo Sofuba: Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane okuthinta kakhulu amaphaphu.
• I-Hepatitis B kanye ne-C: Ukutheleleka ngegciwane okuthinta isibindi.
• Amagciwane e-Herpes:
• Ukutheleleka kwe-fungus:

I-Aortitis itholakala kanjani?

Ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-aortitis, udokotela wakho uzolandela lezi zinyathelo:

• Bazokhuluma ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha: bazobuza ngezifo zakho zangaphambilini, izifo zomndeni wakho, kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo.
• Kuzohlolwa umzimba: Umzimba wakho uzohlolwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kuyahlelwa: ukuhlolwa okungabona kangcono i-aorta yakho kanye namagatsha ayo amakhulu.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyayalwa: Lokhu kungahlola izinga lokuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho.
• Uma uke wahlinzwa i-aorta, isampula yezicubu ezithathwe ngaleso sikhathi izohlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga i-Aortitis?

Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe:

• I-Echocardiogram: Ukuhlolwa kokubheka umsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo senhliziyo.
• I-Transesophageal echocardiogram: Lokhu futhi kuyindlela yokuhlola i-echo, kodwa ithuluzi elincane lidluliselwa ku-esophagus ukuze kubonwe inhliziyo ne-aorta ngokucacile.
• I-ultrasound yesisu: Buka i-aorta esiswini.
• I-computed tomography (CT) scan: I-CT scan ithatha izithombe zomzimba ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba futhi inikeze imibono eningiliziwe ye-aorta nezicubu ezizungezile.
• Ukuthwebula izithombe ze-magnetic resonance (MRI): Kusebenzisa amasimu kazibuthe namagagasi omsakazo ukukhiqiza izithombe ezinemininingwane.
• Iskeni se-positron emission tomography (PET): Siza ekuboneni izindawo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi:

• Izinga lokusatshalaliswa kwe-erythrocyte (ESR): Ukuhlolwa okubonisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni.
• Iphrotheni ephendulayo ye-C (i-CRP): Lokhu kungenye indlela ebalulekile yokuhlola ekhombisa ukuvuvukala.
• Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele: Lokhu kulinganisa izinhlobo zamaseli egazini kanye nezinombolo zawo.
• Amakhemikhali ahlola ukusebenza kwezinso nesibindi:
• Uma kudingeka, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile ukuze kutholakale i-vasculitis yomzimba, ezinye izifo zokuvuvukala, noma izifo.

Ukuhlolwa kwezicubu ze-aorta:

Uma uhlinzwa i-aortic aneurysm , udokotela wakho ohlinzayo angase athathe isampula yezicubu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ukuze ahlole ukuvuvukala. Abanye abantu batholakala bene-aortitis phakathi nalolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa, ngaphandle kokuba nezimpawu zangaphambilini.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Aortitis?

I-Aortitis ingelashwa ngemithi kanye/noma ukuhlinzwa . Odokotela bazonquma ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe kulezi zici ezilandelayo:

• Iyiphi ingxenye ye-aorta yakho ethintekile ?
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-aneurysm noma ukuncipha kwenzeke ngenxa ye-aortitis, nokuthi kuyingozi kangakanani .
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona isifo esihambisana naso noma esinye isizathu esiyisisekelo .
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuthinta neminye imithambo yegazi .

Into ebalulekile ukuthi uma une-"isolated focal aortitis" (okusho ukuthi ikhawulelwe ku-aorta, ngaphandle kwesinye isizathu) futhi uke wahlinzwa ukuze uyisuse ngokuphelele, futhi kungekho sifo esiyisisekelo, ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa okwengeziwe. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokubhekwa udokotela wakho . Uma kuvela izimpawu ezintsha, kungadingeka ukuthi welashwe ngendlela ehlukile.

Yimiphi imithi esetshenziswayo ye-Aortitis?

Uma udokotela wakho ethola ukuthi une-vasculitis esebenzayo, esinye isifo sokuvuvukala, noma ukutheleleka, angase akunikeze imithi efana nalokhu:

• Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala noma yokucindezela amasosha omzimba: Ye-vasculitis yesistimu noma ezinye izimo zokuvuvukala eziyisisekelo. Le mithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba isebenza ngokucindezela amasosha omzimba.
• Imithi elwa namagciwane: Uma i-aortitis ivele ngenxa yokutheleleka.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kulezi zindlela zokwelapha?

Yebo, ikakhulukazi imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba inganciphisa ikhono lomzimba wakho lokulwa nezifo. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzochaza izingozi nezinzuzo zokwelashwa ngakunye kuwe. Uzokhuluma nawe ngezindlela zokunciphisa lezi zingozi. Ungesabi, khuluma nodokotela wakho futhi uqonde konke.

Kunini lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlinzwa kwe-aortitis?

Ungadinga ukuhlinzwa kulezi zimo:

• Uma une-aortic aneurysm, uma izwakala inkulu ngokwanele ukuba iqhume, noma uma i-aneurysm ithinta ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
• Uma i-aorta yakho incipha, okubangela ukwehla okukhulu kokunikezwa kwegazi ezithweni ezibalulekile.

Ngingayinciphisa kanjani le ngozi?

Ezimweni eziningi, i-aortitis kunzima ukuyivimbela ngoba ingahlotshaniswa ne-systemic vasculitis, isifo sokuvuvukala esiyisisekelo, inqubo eyodwa yokuvuvukala, noma ukutheleleka.

Kodwa-ke, kubantu abane-aortitis, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa ezinye izinto ezingabangela umonakalo emithanjeni yegazi . Lezi zifaka:

• Ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Ukwehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol.
• Ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo.
• Ukugcina isisindo sakho siphilile.

Uma ngine-aortitis, ubani okufanele abe seqenjini lami lezempilo?

Ngenxa yokuthi i-aortitis ingavela ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene futhi idinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile, ungadinga abahlinzeki bezempilo abaningana ukuze bakusize. Isibonelo:

• Umhlinzeki wokunakekelwa okuyinhloko: Umuntu onakekela impilo yakho iyonke.
• Udokotela Wenhliziyo: Uchwepheshe wenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
• Isazi se-Rheumatologist: Uchwepheshe wezifo zamalunga, imisipha, kanye nezifo zokuzivikela komzimba, njengoba izimo eziningi ze-vasculitis ziwela kulesi sigaba.
• Uchwepheshe wezifo ezithelelanayo: Uma kusolwa ukuthi kukhona ukutheleleka.
• Udokotela ohlinza inhliziyo noma imithambo yegazi: Uma kudingeka ukuhlinzwa.

Iyini inhloso ye-aortitis?

Indlela obhekana ngayo ne-aortitis incike ezintweni eziningana:

• Iyiphi ingxenye ye-aorta yakho ethintekile nokuthi inzima kangakanani .
• Ukuthi i-aortitis ibangela izinkinga yini.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona isifo esihambisana naso noma esinye isizathu esiyisisekelo .
• Impendulo yokwelashwa (uma kudingeka ukwelashwa) nokuthi ngabe ukwelashwa kubangela noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi .

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba khona kuzo zonke izikhathi zokulandelela nodokotela wakho, uphuze imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe, bese wazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma ukungakhululeki. Ungesabi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukunaka umzimba wakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho kangaki noma uhlolwe kangaki. Uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha noma izimpawu ezindala zibuya, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Kufanele ngiye nini eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Inkinga eyingozi kakhulu ye-aortic aneurysm ukuqhekeka noma ukuqhuma kwayo. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu, ngoba i-aorta yakho iwumthambo oyinhloko othwala igazi eliningi emzimbeni wakho. Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kungaba ukuqhekeka kwe-aorta:

* Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni sakho, emhlane, noma esiswini (esiswini) ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.

* Uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kushesha.

* Uma uzizwa unesiyezi.

* Uma uzwa ubuthakathaka noma ukungabi namizwa ebusweni, engalweni, noma emlenzeni, noma ubunzima bokukhuluma noma bokubona.

Uma uthatha imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba ye-aortitis, noma uma unesifo se-vasculitis noma isifo sokuvuvukala, ungase ube nezinye izinkinga ezinkulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezidinga ukuthi uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo, ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lwakho lokuxilongwa kanye nokuphathwa.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma ubona udokotela wakho, ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe isifo noma imbangela eyisisekelo ingatholakala ye-aortitis yami?
• Yiluphi uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kimi?
• Udokotela usiqapha kanjani isimo sami?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukubona abanye ochwepheshe?
• Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngiziqaphele?

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngenxa yokuthi i-aortitis ingaba yisimo esisongela ukuphila, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokufuna ukwelashwa kuchwepheshe wezempilo onolwazi nge-aortitis nezimbangela zayo . Uzodinga ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha ukuze uqaphe i-aorta yakho. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukuvakashelwa udokotela, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye nokuhlolwa kwezithombe.

Ukuqonda izinkinga zakho ezithile ze-aortitis, ukuqaphela izimpawu zezinkinga ezinkulu, nokwazi ukuthi ungaya kuphi ukuze uthole usizo uma uludinga kuzokusiza ukuthi uphathe isimo sakho se-aortitis. Bhekana nalokhu ngesibindi nangaphandle kokwesaba. Awuwedwa.

I - Aorta, i-Aorta, Ukuvuvukala, Isifo Senhliziyo, Imithambo Yegazi, Ubuhlungu Besifuba, I-Aortic Aneurysm, I-Vasculitis